Sorting of Municipal Waste by Citizens in Slovakia (original) (raw)

Analysis of Municipal Waste Development and Management in Self-Governing Regions of Slovakia

Sustainability

In the European Union, basic strategy results from the need to provide intelligent, sustainable, and inclusive growth, along with respect to social and economic impacts of waste treatment. The paper focuses on municipal waste and its separation. Generally, within global waste management initiatives, the main goal is to minimize the negative effects of waste on the environment, as well as to increase and optimize the sources’ efficiency in the waste economy. Research on municipal waste development and its separation was done in individual regions of Slovakia to find if socially weaker regions have worse waste treatment. The results were compared according to the waste development per inhabitant and per household, as well as through rate indexes, which are connected to relationships between waste, social, and economic indexes. The results confirmed research results from other countries that show that the volume of municipal waste is increasing due to increased living standards of inha...

Evaluation of Communal Waste in Slovakia from the View of Chosen Economic Indicators

Energies, 2021

Waste treatment consists of activities required to make sure that waste has the least practical impact on the environment. In Slovakia, more than 50% of waste is in storage. Waste development depends on the economic situation of the state. In Slovakia, there is economic intolerance of waste treatment due to the weaker economic situation of the inhabitants. The goal of this contribution is to study the development of waste production in Slovakia in regard to economic indexes of households with the aim of improving waste management. The goal is achieved by searching for a relation between economic indexes and households by a correlation matrix and by verification of polynomial dependence. According to the results of the statistical importance, we found similarity of the regions in chosen indexes by using of cluster analysis. By this method a sustainable economy and healthy environment is guaranteed and waste is used to produce energy.

The Economics of Waste Management: Evidence from the Czech Republic and Slovakia

Lex Localis 12(3), 2014

This article investigates conditions in the Czech Republic and Slovakia to answer the following questions: Is there any evidence of an optimum mode of waste management provision? Do economies of scale exist in waste management in the Czech Republic? Data from the Czech Republic and Slovakia did not confirm internal or external provision of waste management services as better. The analysis of waste management costs in the Czech Republic did not confirm the existence of economies of scale; however, in municipalities with fewer than 4000 inhabitants, the cost curve is U shaped with an optimum somewhere at the level of 2000 inhabitants.

Assessing Incorrect Household Waste Sorting in a Medium-Sized Swedish City

Sustainability, 2013

Source separation is a common method for dealing with the increasing problem of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in society. The citizens are then responsible for separating waste fractions produced in their home. If the consumers fail to sort the waste according to the source separation scheme, it will lead to an ineffective system. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the environmental, economic and social aspects of incorrect waste sorting in a medium sized Swedish city that has established a source separation system. In order to determine the extent to which citizens correctly sort their waste, food waste (black bags) and combustible fraction (white bags), were collected randomly from a residential area and categorized in different waste fractions. The results show that approximately 68 wt% of the waste in the white and 29 wt% in the black bags were not sorted correctly. This incorrect sorting accrues over 13 million SEK per year cost for this community. In order to improve the inhabitants' participation in the waste management system, it is necessary to change different factors such as convenience and easy access to the recycling stations in the local MSW management systems as well as to review current regulation and policy.

Waste management and its possible development in the Slovak Republic

Agrár- és környezetjog, 2023

This paper analyses the climate impacts of the individual waste management activities expressed in the waste management hierarchy. The author seeks to include the mentioned impacts in the Slovak reality of waste management. Moreover, this paper includes foreign approaches to municipal waste management and the analysis of the extent of merits and demerits of waste-to-energy plants. Herein, the author seeks to assess the current possibilities of heat and electricity production from municipal waste. According to the waste management hierarchy, the wasteto-energy approach is better and more suitable than waste landfilling (waste disposal). However, it must not collide with higher methods of waste management hierarchy. The mentioned principle should be respected when performing the waste-to-energy approach; however, some types of materials are not suitable for higher methods of the waste management hierarchy, such as personal protective equipment, including facemasks, protective clothing, helmets, goggles, or other garments, or equipment predominantly designed to protect the wearer9s body from infection by COVID-19. Per my perspective, these waste materials are highly suitable for waste-to-energy production because of their depreciation caused by the possible infection. Therefore, the methods of prevention, re-use, or recycling are not applicable to them. However, these objects have the potential to serve as sources of energy. In my knowledge, Slovak legislation has not responded in a specific legislative way that would state how to manage the aforementioned objects. Thus, in general, this paper elucidates the possible development of waste-to-energy plants in the Slovak Republic and also describes the author9s approach to the opportunities of the landfill backdown in the Slovak legal environment.

On causes of illegal waste dumping in Slovakia

Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 2015

This paper examines the determinants of illegal waste dumping at the county-level (77 counties) in Slovakia, using data on illegal waste dumping, provided by TrashOut platform. The results revealed a negative relationship between costs of illegal waste disposal and dumped waste volumes and a positive relationship between costs of legal waste disposal and dumped waste volumes. Moreover, it was shown that higher level of expected waste production results into higher rate of illegally dumped waste. More precisely, income has a positive impact on the rate of illegal waste dumping, poverty influences the rate of illegal dumping negatively and higher level of education does not result into more responsible waste management. On the contrary, higher education has a positive influence on the rate of dumping.

Comparison of Attitudes, Behaviors and Context Regarding Household Waste Sorting, Between Romanians who Have Lived Abroad and who Have Not

Conference Proceedings International Conference on Conflict Studies, 2022

The size of the Romanian diaspora is comparable to a quarter of the country's population. A percentage of these people return home. Among educated individuals, the preferred destinations are the more prosperous countries, where there are embedded customs of climate change tackling, through household waste sorting and other such behaviors. Changing behaviors is not easy, and in this case this might be beneficial, if the former-migrants continue to practice this habit upon return. On the other hand, most educated individuals have access to information and can have their opinions shaped by it. The questions are, do the persons who have lived abroad adopt a more eco-friendly behavior than those who have not? Do they practice household waste sorting more or less than when they used to live abroad? Is there a conflict of attitudes, behaviors, or contradictions between the two categories and the public authorities? The results show that even though the behaviors of the two groups do not show discrepancy, their attitudes and level of contradiction with the authorities are different.

Socio-demographic determinants of municipal waste generation: case study of the Czech Republic

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 2018

We used MSW generation per capita and year in kilo-ABSTRACT Municipal solid waste generation has been analyzed in broad range of studies but most of the studies neglect the spatial aspect of analyzed datasets. This paper's aim is to explore spatial dependency in relations between municipal solid waste generation and socio-demographic aspects. The results obtained using geographically weighted regression are compared with results of widely used ordinary least square regression. Even though both methods found the same significant socio-demographic aspects, we were able to explain much higher share of intermunicipal variability using the geographically weighted regression because this method is able to consider changing strength and even direction of relation in different spatial units. Geographically weighted regression can therefore better mirror the local situation and could be successfully utilized to plan waste management activities at local scale.

Comparison of different collection systems for sorted household waste in Sweden

Waste Management, 2007

Composition and quantity per person of municipal solid waste (MSW) have been analyzed in six municipalities in southern Sweden with similar socio-economic conditions but with different collection systems. Samples of residual waste have been sorted, classified and weighed in 21 categories during 26 analyses that took place from 1998–2004. Collection data of the total waste flow, including source sorted recycling materials, in the same area have been compiled and compared. Multivariate data analyses have been applied. Weight-based billing reduced delivered amounts of residual household waste by 50%, but it is unknown to what extent improper material paths had developed. With curbside collection more metal, plastic and paper packaging was separated and left to recycling. When separate collection of biodegradables was included in the curbside system, the overall sorting of dry recyclables increased. The large uncertainty associated with waste composition analyses makes it difficult to draw strong conclusions regarding the effects on specific recyclables or the changes in the composition of the residual waste.