Effect of waste Al-phosphate on soil and plant (original) (raw)
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Background With increasing food demand as a consequence of the growing world population, there is a corresponding demand for additional sources of phosphorus (P). Alum-phosphate (Al-P) sludge is a by-product of wastewater treatment and can be a good source of P. In this study, the response of maize (Zea mays L.) to Al-P sludge was tested. Maize was chosen as the test crop due to its prevalent use as human and animal food and as a source of biofuel. The objective of the study was to investigate Al-P sludge as a source of P compared to a commercial fertilizer (monoammonium phosphate, MAP). Methods A growth chamber assay was conducted over four cropping cycles (45 d each). The application rate was 9.7, 19.4, 29.1 and 38.8 mg P kg−1 dry soil. Amendments were applied once at the start of the first cropping cycle. Plants were harvested after each cycle and pots were re-seeded. Dry matter yield (DMY), total P uptake, Al-P uptake, soil total P and Olsen-P concentrations, pH, and EC were mea...
Utility of Alumina-buffered Phosphorus Fertilizer for Vegetable Production
Hortscience, 2006
Additional index words. Capsicum annuum L., root development Abstract. The utility of alumina-buffered phosphorus (Al-P) fertilizers for supplying phosphorus (P) to bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in soils with low-P availability was evaluated. Plants were grown at low-P fertility (about 100 kg·ha -1 , low-P control; LPC), with conventional P fertilization (205-300 kg·ha -1 annually, fertilizer control; FC), or with one of two Al-P sources (Martenswerke or Alcoa) in 2001-03. The two Al-P fertilizers were applied in 2001; no additional material was applied in 2002-03. Plants grown with Martenswerke Al-P had similar shoot dry weight, root dry weight, root length, leaf P concentration, and fruit yield compared with plants grown with conventional P fertilizer in both 2002 and 2003 seasons. Bell pepper grown with Alcoa Al-P had similar shoot dry weight, root dry weight, root length, leaf P concentration, and fruit yield compared with plants grown without P fertilizer in both seasons. Alcoa Al-P continuously released bioavailable P for 2 years between 2001 and 2002, while Martenswerke Al-P continuously released bioavailable P at least 3 years between 2001 and 2003. These results indicate that some formulations of Al-P can serve as long-term P sources for field vegetable production.
Soil Phosphorus and Corn Development Under Application of Phosphate Sources
Journal of Agricultural Science, 2021
Knowledge of the solubility of phosphate fertilizers is fundamental for phosphorus (P) recommendation management and for choosing the laboratory evaluation method of nutrient availability in the soil according to the history of fertilization. The aim was to evaluate the initial development of corn plants as a function of the application of triple superphosphate (TSP) and natural phosphate of Arraias (NPA) with and without liming and incubation time, as well as to evaluate the available P in the soil with the use the extractors Mehlich-1 and Mehlich-3. An experiment was installed in an 8 × 3 × 2 factorial scheme, being 8 fertilizer incubation times (180, 140, 100, 80, 60, 40, 20, 0 day(s) before planting), 3 P sources (control—without P, TSP and NPA) and 2 refers to the application of limestone (with and without limestone). Were evaluated the shoot and root dry matter, analysis of P, Ca, Mg, and Zn in shoot and P in roots. In the soil, P levels were determined by Mehlich-1 and Mehlic...
Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 2009
The corn plants were evaluated with different phosphate fertilizer sources and aluminum (Al) concentrations in a sandy substrate. A totally randomized experiment design was set up with two corn plants in the pots containing 2 kg of a sandy substrate, two phosphate sources (Triple Super Phosphate - TSP or Arad Phosphate - AP) and four Al concentrations. When Al concentrations increased, pH (CaCl2) substrate values decreased. There was an increase in the calcium and phosphorus contents in the sandy substrates that received the TSP and AP sources. The calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations of the corn plant's shoot were higher in the TSP than without P and AP sources. When the Al concentration increased, the concentration values of the former elements decreased. The dry mass production of the corn plants responded positively to P sources. As the Al concentration increased, the dry mass values decreased significantly in the TSP source.
Journal of Biological Sciences, 2001
Effect of applied and residual P from two sources,di calcium phosphate (DCP) and single super phosphate (SSP), were evaluated by growing wheat, brassica and berseem crops in a pot experiment. The criteria used were plant yield and P uptake. Both of the P sources for grain and straw yield of brassica, residual as well as applied P did not improve the yield. However, grain yield of wheat, fodder yield of berseem and total P uptake by these crops were found to improve significantly due to residual and applied P as DCP compared to SSP. A heavy P application from DCP showed positive residual effect and resulted in increased yield and P uptake by wheat and berseem. These results, therefore, strongly advocate the suitability of DCP as a P fertilizer source.
Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 2012
This study aimed to evaluate the extractable phosphorus Mehlich-1 in a distrophic Red-Yellow Latosol (Oxisol) which received alkaline sewage sludge (alkaline biosolid) along with 0, 0.436, 0.872 and 1.745 dag kg-1 of P from three different sources and cultivated with common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris cv. IPR Uirapuru) in greenhouse. It also aimed to quantify the phosphorus uptake by the plant, plant production and the relative agronomic effectiveness index. For the establishment of the treatment the recommended dose was 45.85 kg ha-1 of P from the treatments, except the control (0 dag kg-1 of P). This dose was calculated for 2.5 kg of this Oxisol from Contenda, Paraná State, Brazil, contained in recepients of 3 dm3 with 6 cultivated bean plants (cv. IPR Uirapuru). Phosphorus added in alkaline biosolid increased the extractable phosphorus (Mehlich-1) in soil and phosphorus accumulated in plants as well as the grain and total dry mass production of bean plants. The best level of phospho...
Effect of Organic Sources on Phosphorus Fractions and Available Phosphorus in Typic Haplustept
Phosphorus (P), as an essential plant nutrient for crop production, acts as energy currency in plant, cell elongation, respiration, promotes root growth, early plant maturity and stalk strength, and imparts resistance to stress conditions. Apart from its importance in crop production, it is also a costly input across the globe. The use efficiency of P rarely exceeds 20 per cent because of P-fixation often due to iron (Fe) and aluminium (Al) in acid soils and calcium (Ca) in alkaline soils. Use of organic materials such as crop residues and by-product of sugarcane industries have a positive response on labile P in soil. Decomposition of organic materials produces different organic acids, which help in mobilizing non-labile P in soil into labile P. Phosphorus uptake is enhanced by the addition of organics due to production of organic acids like citric, lactic, gluconic and oxalic, which in turn, transform P from non-utilizable form to plant utilizable form . Thus, incorporation of organic materials improves soil health and crop yield (Dotaniya 2012). The exudation of low molecular weight carboxylates is an important P acquisition strategy by plants, particularly in strongly P-fixing soils. The enhancing properties of P availability of citric acid are not only due to acidification of the plant rhizosphere, but also for its Al and Fe complexing capacity . The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of organic residues on P fractions mainly Al-P, Ca-P, and available P in soil during a one year incubation period.
Phosphorus: Analysis And Use in Agriculture
In many agricultural systems, phosphorus (P) is one of the most limiting mineral nutrients for plant production. Phosphorus in agriculture is the second most growth limiting macronutrient after nitrogen, its proper management in soil contributes significantly to sustainable crop production. In such soils wherever yield is restricted as a result of low Phosphorus concentration, application of comparatively higher quantity of mineral phosphorus fertilizers is that the only way to enhance soil phosphorus. The commonly phosphorus fertilizers that contain P 2
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2016
Phosphate fertilizers are critical for crop production in tropical soils, which are known for having high phosphate-fixing capacity and aluminium saturation, as well as low pH and calcium contents. Fluorine is a component of many phosphate rocks used to make phosphate fertilizers, via a process that generates hexafluorosilicic acid (H 2 SiF 6). While many treatment technologies have been proposed for removal of fluorine in industrial facilities, little attention has been given to a process of neutralizing H 2 SiF 6 with calcium oxide aiming to find out an alternative and sustainable use of a by-product with a great potential for beneficial use in tropical agriculture. This study evaluated the effect of a by-product of phosphoric acid production (fluorite with silicon oxide, hereafter called AgroSiCa) on soil properties as well as on growth of soybean and corn. Two experiments (2 crops) were conducted under greenhouse conditions in a completely randomized 3×5×2×3 factorial design as follows: three soils (Red Latosol, Red-Yellow Latosol, and Cambisol), five doses of AgroSiCa (0; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 4.0 t ha-1), two doses of phosphorus (2×%clay and 4×%clay), with three replicates, totaling 90 plots for each experiment. The application of AgroSiCa resulted in a slight increase of soil pH. Significant increases in calcium, phosphate, and silicon levels in soil solution and in shoots of maize and soybean were observed at all doses of AgroSiCa. We also found very low levels of fluoride in all soil leachates. Significant reduction of labile aluminium was found in all soils after the cultivation of maize and soybean. In sum, AgroSiCa improved soil properties and contributed to a better