Contributions of Fixed Prosthodontics DEPT., Minia University in Dental Literature in Two Decades. (2003-2022) (original) (raw)
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Ceramics
Monolithic zirconia and hybrid ceramic restorations have been widely used in the last decade for both anterior and posterior dental restorations. However, their use lacks sufficient scientific evidence in most cases, as the expeditious manufacturing of these versatile ceramic materials exceeds the limits of in vitro and/or in vivo validation. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the mechanical properties (flexural strength, fracture toughness, Vickers hardness, and brittleness index) of three CAD-CAM monolithic multilayer zirconia ceramics (GNX—Ceramill Zolid® Gen-X, ZCP—IPS e.max® ZirCAD, and UPC—Upcera® Esthetic Explore Prime) and one CAD-CAM monolithic multilayer polymer-infiltrated hybrid ceramic (ENM—Vita® Enamic) with a CAD-CAM monolithic lithium disilicate ceramic as a control (EMX —IPS e.max® CAD). A total of 160 discs (GNX = 32, ZCP = 32, UPC = 32, ENM = 32, and EMX = 32) were cut, polished, and fully sintered (except for the ENM). Half of the samples for each group wer...
European Journal of Dental and Oral Health, 2022
The aim of this study was to assess the surface roughness, and fracture pattern of zirconia ceramic restorations after the application of different surface treatments. Material and method: We conducted a systematic literature search on the electronic databases PubMed and Science direct using 12 key words via Boolean equations. We identified articles that met the eligibility criteria by checking the title and abstract. A full-text review was used to select articles based on the CASP grid. (The Critical Skills Appraisal Programme) Results: 13 articles were selected after reading the full text. We noted a predominance of mixed failure in our study. Conclusion: Sandblasting before sintering is a recommended method to increase surface roughness and improve the bond strength of the cosmetic ceramic. The mixed fracture mode is the most frequent mode in our study. Further clinical studies with standardization of protocols should be conducted.
Dental Materials, 2009
d e n t a l m a t e r i a l s 2 5 ( 2 0 0 9 ) 121-128 a v a i l a b l e a t w w w . s c i e n c e d i r e c t . c o m j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w . i n t l . e l s e v i e r h e a l t h . c o m / j o u r n a l s / d e m a a b s t r a c t Objectives. With this in vitro study the fracture strength of zirconia-based crown copings being veneered with a CAD/CAM generated high-strength ceramic cap by sintering is compared with anatomically identical zirconia-based crowns, which were either overpressed or veneered by the layering technique for completion. Methods. A 1.2 mm, 360 • chamfer preparation was performed on a second maxillary molar and was dublicated 15 times in a cobalt-chromium-alloy. A sample of 45 zirconia copings was produced and divided into three groups. In the first group (VT) zirconia copings received conventional veneering in layering technique, in the second group the veneering porcelain was pressed over the zirconia coping (PT), and for the third group (ST) a CAD/CAM-fabricated high-strength anatomically shaped veneering cap was sintered onto the zirconia coping. All crowns were cemented conventionally onto their dies and tested in the universal testing machine until clinical failure. The fracture load data were compared by a one-way analysis of variance and a multiple comparison posthoc test (˛< 0.05).
CAD/CAM System Vs. Laser Milling Zirconia For Fixed Restoration Construction; Narrative Review
SciDoc Publishers, 2021
The aim of This review article compares the use of a computer-aided design (CAD) system, and laser milling in fabricating dental prostheses made of zirconia ceramics (TZP).Since Land made the first all-ceramic crown with low-strength feldspar porcelain in 1903 [1], dental all-ceramic restoration materials' mechanical and aesthetic properties have been significantly evolved. Therefore, In dental clinics, these are commonly utilized. Many ways for fabricating all-ceramic dental restorations have recently been developed [2]. All-ceramic materials, on the other hand, are fragile and difficult to work with due to their high hardness and low fracture toughness. Zirconia ceramics are utilized in dental restorations because of their strong mechanical qualities, which allow them to be employed as entire ceramic restorations for long-span bridges. Milling fully sintered Zirconia might be difficult because of its extreme hardness. Instead, a CAD/CAM system is used to grind a partially sintered zirconia block, which is then sintered in a furnace. Sintering results in a linear shrinkage of 15% to 30%. [3]. For the softer partially sintered stone, milling efficiency is improved. To avoid restorative unfitnesscaused by sintering shrinkage, scanning operation, and milling [4]., laser machining of high-hardness Zirconia is employed. In dentistry, a variety of lasers are now operational.
Recent Advances in Materials for All-Ceramic Restorations
Dental Clinics of North America, 2007
The past three years of research on materials for all-ceramic veneers, inlays, onlays, single-unit crowns, and multi-unit restorations are reviewed. The primary changes in the field were the proliferation of zirconia-based frameworks and computer-aided fabrication of prostheses, as well as, a trend toward more clinically relevant in vitro test methods. This report includes an overview of ceramic fabrication methods, suggestions for critical assessment of material property data, and a summary of clinical longevity for prostheses constructed of various materials. BACKGROUND Ceramic materials are best able to mimic the appearance of natural teeth. However, two obstacles have limited the use of ceramics in the fabrication of dental prostheses: 1) brittleness leading to a lack of mechanical reliability and 2) greater effort and time required for processing in comparison to metal alloys and dental composites. Recent advances in ceramic processing methods have simplified the work of the dental technician and have allowed greater quality control for ceramic materials, which has increased their mechanical reliability. As a result, the proportion of restorative treatments using all-ceramic prostheses is rapidly growing. Several authors previously reviewed progress in the field of dental ceramics [1-12]. This article reviews the research literature and commercial changes over the past three years since the last review in this field. The recent developments in dental ceramic technology can be categorized into three primary trends: 1. There has been a rapid diversification of equipment and materials available for computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) of ceramic prostheses. 2. The availability of CAD-CAM processing permitted the use of polycrystalline zirconia coping and framework materials. The relatively high stiffness and good mechanical reliability of partially stabilized zirconia allows thinner core layers, longer bridge spans, and the use of all-ceramic fixed partial dentures (FPDs) in posterior locations. 3. Basic science researchers are increasingly using clinically relevant specimen geometry, surface finish, and mechanical loading in their in vitro studies. This implies that in vitro results will more accurately predict clinical performance of ceramic prostheses, but clinicians still need to be cautious in extrapolating from the laboratory to the clinical case.
The Clinical Success Of All-Ceramic Restorations
The Journal of the American Dental Association, 2008
Background. The authors conducted a comprehensive literature review to compile and compare clinical evidence for the treatment of teeth using all-ceramic restorations. Types of Studies Reviewed. The authors searched the Englishlanguage peer-reviewed literature using MEDLINE and PubMed with a focus on research published between 1993 and 2008. They also conducted a hand search of relevant dental journals. They reviewed randomized controlled trials, nonrandomized controlled studies, longitudinal experimental clinical studies, longitudinal prospective studies and longitudinal retrospective studies. Results. Evidence suggests that for veneers, intracoronal restorations and complete-coverage restorations for single-rooted anterior teeth, clinicians may choose from any all-ceramic system on the basis of esthetic needs (many systems have had greater than 90 percent success at six years). Well-studied molar restorations include those made of alumina and, increasingly, zirconia and bonded lithium disilicate. Reasonable evidence has shown the effectiveness of anterior three-unit fixed partial dentures made of lithium disilicate, alumina and zirconia. For three-unit restorations involving a molar, expert consensus suggests that only zirconia-based systems are indicated. Clinical Implications. Available evidence indicates the effectiveness of many all-ceramic systems for numerous clinical applications. Bonding has been shown to increase clinical success. Studies of zirconia prostheses indicate problems with porcelain cracking.
Machined Ceramics: The Future of Restorative Dentistry
2017
The aesthetic demands of the patients has resulted in an increased use of dental ceramics and has generated enhanced research in this field, leading to tremendous changes in the composition and processing techniques of dental ceramics in the past three decades. Improvements in strength, clinical performance, and longevity have made all ceramic restorations more popular and predictable. Also, technology has been able to provide solutions to many of the routine hassles in dental practice. This review aims to provide an update on some of the recent advances in the production of all ceramic restorations. PubMed (with subject headings), Wikipedia and Google Scholar searched using the following terms “Dental Ceramics”, and “Computer-Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM)”. This was supplemented by handsearching in peer-reviewed journals and cross-referenced with the articles accessed. In this brief review, we will discuss advances in fabrication techniques with potential of a...
An engineering perspective of ceramics applied in dental reconstructions
Journal of Applied Oral Science
An engineering perspective of ceramics applied in dental reconstructions The demands for dental materials continue to grow, driven by the desire to reach a better performance than currently achieved by the available materials. In the dental restorative ceramic field, the structures evolved from the metalceramic systems to highly translucent multilayered zirconia, aiming not only for tailored mechanical properties but also for the aesthetics to mimic natural teeth. Ceramics are widely used in prosthetic dentistry due to their attractive clinical properties, including high strength, biocompatibility, chemical stability, and a good combination of optical properties. Metal-ceramics type has always been the golden standard of dental reconstruction. However, this system lacks aesthetic aspects. For this reason, efforts are made to develop materials that met both the mechanical features necessary for the safe performance of the restoration as well as the aesthetic aspects, aiming for a beautiful smile. In this field, glass and high-strength core ceramics have been highly investigated for applications in dental restoration due to their excellent combination of mechanical properties and translucency. However, since these are recent materials when compared with the metal-ceramic system, many studies are still required to guarantee the quality and longevity of these systems. Therefore, a background on available dental materials properties is a starting point to provoke a discussion on the development of potential alternatives to rehabilitate lost hard and soft tissue structures with ceramic-based tooth and implant-supported reconstructions. This review aims to bring the most recent materials research of the two major categories of ceramic restorations: ceramic-metal system and all-ceramic restorations. The practical aspects are herein presented regarding the evolution and development of materials, technologies applications, strength, color, and aesthetics. A trend was observed to use high-strength core ceramics type due to their ability to be manufactured by CAD/CAM technology. In addition, the impacts of COVID-19 on the market of dental restorative ceramics are presented.