Oral Frailty is Associated with Multifaceted Frailty in Elderly Outpatients at Community Dental Clinics (original) (raw)
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Impact of oral health on frailty syndrome in frail older adults
einstein (São Paulo), 2023
Objective: This study aimed to correlate oral and general health in frail and non-frail older adults. Methods: This observational study included 52 older adults, of whom 35 were frail (Frail Group), and 17 were non-frail (Non-Frail Group), according to Fried’s self-reported test addressing oral health variables, number of systemic diseases, and medications in use. The geriatric oral health assessment index was used to assess the oral hygiene of the groups. Results: The number of preserved teeth in dentulous older adults was significantly higher in the Non-Frail Group (p=0.048). No significant differences were observed between the two groups in the use of dental prostheses or in the detection of soft tissue lesions. Overall, 74.3% of the Frail Group had a “bad” geriatric oral health index score, which significantly differed from that of the Non-Frail Group (p=0.045). The numbers of systemic diseases and medicines used were higher in the Frail Group than in the Non-Frail Group (p<0.001), demonstrating the pathophysiological characteristics of multimorbidity and polypharmacy in frailty syndrome. Conclusion: The results showed a clear correlation between oral and general health conditions and frailty syndrome.
BMC Oral Health, 2021
Background To determine the association between oral health condition and development of frailty over a 12-month period in community-dwelling older adults. Methods Population-based, case-cohort study derived from the Cohort of Obesity, Sarcopenia, and Frailty of Older Mexican Adults (COSFOMA) study, including data from years 2015 and 2016. Using latent class analysis, we determined the oral health condition of older adults with teeth (t 0 ), i.e., functional teeth, presence of coronal caries, root caries, periodontal disease, dental calculus, dental biofilm, root remains, xerostomia, and need for dental prosthesis. Edentulous was considered as a separate class. Criteria of the Frailty Phenotype (t 1 ) by Fried et al. were used: weight loss, self-report of exhaustion, walking speed, decreased muscle strength, and low physical activity. The presence of three or more criteria indicated a frail condition. The strength of the association (odds ratio, OR) between oral health condition and...
Frailty and oral health: Findings from the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project
Gerodontology, 2019
Objective: To examine whether frailty in older men is associated with poorer oral health and lower levels of dental service utilisation. Background: Poor oral health has been associated with some frailty components. Less is known about the link between frailty and oral health outcomes. Methods: a cross-sectional analysis. Data were collected from 601 older men with both frailty status and oral health information. Frailty was defined as meeting three or more of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria: weight loss, weakness, exhaustion, slowness and low activity. Dental service utilisation [DSU] behavior was collected from self-response questionnaires and face-to-face interviews. Oral status (number of remaining and functional teeth, periodontal disease, active coronal decayed surface [ACDS], and self-rated oral health [SROH]) was recorded by two oral health therapists. The association between frailty and oral health behavior and risk markers was modelled using logistic regression. Results: Nineteen percent of the participants were identified as frail. There were significant associations between frailty and dentition status (odds ratio [OR]: 2.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: (1.17-5.30), and frailty and ACDS (OR: 3.01, CI: 1.50-6.08) but only ACDS remained significant after adjusting for confounders (adjusted OR: 2.46, CI: 1.17-5.18). There was no association between frailty and DSU and frailty and SROH. Conclusion: Frailty was independently associated with presence of dental caries. However, dental service utilisation, self-rated oral health and other oral health markers were not significantly associated with frailty after adjusting for confounders. The prevalence of periodontal disease was high regardless of their frailty status.
Structure and Validity of Questionnaire for Oral Frail Screening
Healthcare
Oral frailty is defined as the mild decline in oral function and located at the early and reversible stage of frailty. Therefore, early detection and early treatment of oral frailty is very useful. Simple and easy questionnaires, such as an oral frailty checklist, have been widely used for the screening and enlightenment of oral frailty of the Japanese people. We evaluate the structure and validity of the oral frailty checklist. The questionnaire of oral frailty was distributed for the citizens more than 50 years old from December 2018 to January 2019. The structural validity of the questionnaire is analyzed by structural equation modeling (SEM). The characteristics of the items are analyzed by Item Response Theory (IRT). The data of 725 subjects (360 men, 359 women, 6 no answer, mean age 71.3 ± 9.05) are analyzed. The questionnaire consisted of three latent variables. Items of “Brushing teeth at least twice a day”, “Regular attendance of dental clinic”, and “Using denture”, had low...
BMC Geriatrics
Background Very few studies have examined the relationship of oral health with physical functioning and frailty in the oldest old (> 85 years). We examined the association of poor oral health with markers of disability, physical function and frailty in studies of oldest old in England and Japan. Methods The Newcastle 85+ Study in England (n = 853) and the Tokyo Oldest Old Survey on Total Health (TOOTH; n = 542) comprise random samples of people aged > 85 years. Oral health markers included tooth loss, dryness of mouth, difficulty swallowing and difficulty eating due to dental problems. Physical functioning was based on grip strength and gait speed; disability was assessed as mobility limitations. Frailty was ascertained using the Fried frailty phenotype. Cross-sectional analyses were undertaken using logistic regression. Results In the Newcastle 85+ Study, dry mouth symptoms, difficulty swallowing, difficulty eating, and tooth loss were associated with increased risks of mobil...
Oral Health and Frailty Syndrome in older people
Romanian Biotechnological Letters
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the role of oral health in frailty syndrome in older people. A total number of 135 older patients have been evaluated using Fried Frailty Scale and oral examination. A Fried Frailty Scale score of 2, representing pre-frailty, correlated (Pearson correlation coefficient r=+0.57, at a significance level 0.01) with the presence of oral cavity changes and it was influenced by age, a high degree of association was noticed between more than three oral cavity disorders and pre-frailty at a statistical significance level p<0.001 (Confidence Interval 99%, df=9). In conclusion, changes in the oral cavity could limit the ability of older people to follow a proper diet and could be a significant factor in favoring the occurrence of frailty syndrome in this age group through a complex effect.
Association between oral health and frailty: A systematic review of longitudinal studies
Gerodontology, 2019
Countries around the world have undergone a fast demographic transition characterised by an increase in the ageing populations. 1 One of the most problematic implications of rapid population ageing is frailty. 2 Frailty is defined as a state characterised by reduced physiological reserve and higher vulnerability to stressors which leads to adverse health outcomes including dependency, functional impairment, cognitive decline and death. 2-4 Frailty is considered a significant public health concern as it is highly prevalent in the ageing populations. 5 Furthermore, it leads to adverse outcomes and affects the quality of life of older adults. Finally, it also impacts the sustainability of healthcare systems. 3 Several models were developed to assess frailty, one of the primary models that has been used abundantly in the literature to measure and define frailty is Fried's phenotype model. 4 This model defines
BMC Oral Health, 2023
Background Previous studies have indicated an association between oral hypofunction and frailty in communitydwelling older adults. However, this issue has not been evaluated in institutionalized older patients. We aimed to determine the prevalence of physical frailty in this particularly vulnerable group and evaluate its association with oral hypofunction, analyzing possible differences by gender. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in private and public care homes in Guayaquil (Ecuador) from January 2018 until December 2019. Participants were classified as robust, pre-frail, and frail according to the Fried's frailty phenotype. Oral hypofunction was defined as the presence of at least three positive items in the following list: poor oral hygiene, oral dryness, reduced occlusal force, decreased masticatory function, and deterioration of swallowing function. The relationships between frailty and oral hypofunction were analyzed using logistic regression models for the whole sample and stratified by gender. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA 15.0 software (Stata Corp. LP, College Station, TX, USA). Results Among the 589 participants analyzed (65% women), the median age was 72 years (interquartile range: 66-82). Pre-frailty and frailty were presented in 66.7% and 28.9% of them respectively. Weakness was the most frequent item (84.6%). There was a significant relationship between frailty and oral hypofunction in women. In the overall sample, the frequency of frailty was 2.06 times higher (95% CI 1.30-3.29) in patients with oral hypofunction, and this association was maintained in women (ORa: 2.18; 95% CI 1.21-3.94). Reduced occlusal force and decreased swallowing function were items significantly associated with the presence of frailty (ORa: 1.95; 95% CI 1.18-3.22 and ORa: 2.11; 95% CI 1.39-3.19, respectively). Conclusion The prevalence of frailty and pre-frailty was high among institutionalized older people and was associated with the presence of hypofunction, especially in women. Decreased swallowing function was the most strongly item associated with frailty.
Nutritional Status and Oral Frailty: A Community Based Study
Nutrients, 2020
Compromised oral health can alter food choices. Poor masticatory function leads to imbalanced food intake and undesirable nutritional status. The associations among nutritional status, oral health behavior, and self-assessed oral functions status were investigated using a community-based survey. In total, 701 subjects more than 50 years old living Ebina city located southwest of the capital Tokyo were investigated. The number of remaining teeth was counted by dental hygienists. Oral health behavior and self-assessed oral functions were evaluated by oral frailty checklist. Nutritional status was evaluated by the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire using Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese as reference. More than 80% of subjects’ intakes of vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, copper, and proteins were sufficient. In contrast, only 19% of subjects’ intake of vitamin A was sufficient and 35.5% for vitamin B1. More than 90% of subjects’ intakes of vitamin D and vitamin ...
Mechanisms linking oral health and frailty in older adults: a narrative review
STOMATOLOGY EDU JOURNAL, 2021
Background Frailty is a geriatric syndrome in which multiple systems lose their physiological reserves resulting in increased vulnerability to stressors and risk of adverse health-related outcomes. There is an increasing number of studies discussing the association of oral health with frailty through several pathways. Objective The aim of this review was to describe the possible mechanisms linking oral health and frailty. Data Sources A narrative review was performed with literature search in PubMed, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect electronic databases. Reference lists from relevant studies and cited papers were also investigated. Study Selection The review included full papers of any study design, published in peer-reviewed journals in English until July 2021. Data Extraction Current literature indicates four possible mechanisms linking oral health and frailty. Data Synthesis The first mechanism refers to the nutritional pathway. It is reported that poor oral health negatively aff...