Measuring multi-dimensional disparity index: A case of Nepal (original) (raw)
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Regional disparity is an integral feature of India's socioeconomic development. As the extent of our country is so large that equal developments in every corner of the country in terms of economic, social, infrastructural etc. quite challenging and far from the reality. The district Uttar Dinajpur located in the eastern part of the country and like other district of North Bengal (including Darjeeling, Jalpaiguri, Coochbehar, Uttar Dinajpur, Dakshin Dinajpur and Malda) has been poorly placed in comparison to the state of West Bengal, in terms of Human Development Indicators: low literacy level, poor condition in sanitation, and partly availability of electricity and safe drinking water etc. Research on regional disparity is essential for addressing the lacuna in the planning process of development (Sen, 2001). In the present study, an analysis has been made in terms of the inter-block inequality in socio-economic and infrastructural development of Uttar Dinajpur district. For this purpose, 15 indicators have been selected and these further categorizes into 4 dimensions based on their characteristics. The study is associated with Importance performance analysis, Exploratory Factor Analysis for measuring inter-block disparity within the district. Keywords: Regional Disparity, Human Development, Inter-Block Disparity, Exploratory Factor Analysis, Importance Performance Analysis.
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Economic inequality is a major challenge the world is facing today. This situation is not different for Bangladesh. Unequal distribution of wealth and other facilities not only cause economic but also social discrepancy. Disparity among the regions can help to identify the privileged and deprived regions, so that guideline for developing the depressed regions can be formulated. This study aims to identify such inequalities among Rajshahi, Pabna and Sirajganj districts. For this study, the methodological tool used is Gini coefficient. The gross domestic product (GDP) for years 1995-96 and 1999-2000, distribution of utility facilities like water, sanitary and electricity for the year 2001 and 2011 have been used as variables to identify the disparity among the districts. The study reveals that for disparity in GDP distribution, calculated Gini index value expressing disparity is 0.044 in 1995-96 and 0.047 in 1999-2000 which is very low. Moreover, Gini index value for utility service facilities (e.g. water, sanitary, electricity) decreases from 2001 to 2011 which is a positive change and indicates that the inequality of service facilities among three districts is almost close to the equity. The study further recommends to broaden the scope of the research taking all 64 districts in order to draw a more comprehensive picture of disparity. Key words: Gini coefficient, Lorenz curve, location quotient, disparity, GDP, service facilities.