Physical activity, sedentary behavior and functionality in older adults: A cross-sectional path analysis (original) (raw)
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Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte
Objective: The main aim of this study is to identify, appraise and synthesize evidence on the level of physical activity and sedentary behavior in older adults. Method: This review was restricted to studies published between January 2006 and January 2019 and included studies that reported physical activity and sedentary behavior in older adults (≥65 years old) without chronical health conditions. Results: Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria. Two studies reported data for older adults residing at assisted care facilities, showing results of moderate to vigorous physical activity much lower than those reported in studies with older adults living in the community (2 min/per day and 37.2 min/per day, respectively). Conclusion: Sedentary behavior is high in the elderly, with men presenting higher values than women. moderate to vigorous physical activity has very low values, and with the advancing age there is a decrease in the same.
Sedentary behavior as a predictor of functional disability in older adults
Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde, 2018
The aim of this study was to identify the amount of time spent in sedentary behavior that may be critically related to functional disability in older adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a random sample of 624 older adults (65.1% women) aged 60 to 96 years. Perceived limitations in instrumental activities of daily living were used as indication of functional disability. Time spent in sedentary behavior was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The prevalence of functional disability was 29.4%. The mean total time spent in sedentary behavior was 576.51 ± 5.14 min/day. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were used to identify cut-points for time spent in sedentary behavior that could discriminate functional disability in older adults. The results suggested that spending > 600.00 min/day and > 614.00 min/day in sedentary behavior, for men and women, respectively, was a discriminator for functional disability in the curre...
Patterns of sedentary behavior and physical function in older adults
Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 2015
Background/aims The purposes of this study were to examine the relationship between various objectively measured sedentary behavior (SB) variables and physical function in older adults, examine the measurement properties of an SB questionnaire, and describe the domains of SB in our sample. Methods Forty-four older adults (70 ± 8 years, 64 % female) had their SB measured via activPAL activity monitor and SB questionnaire for 1 week followed by performance-based tests of physical function. Results The pattern of SB was more important than total SB time. Where a gender by SB interaction was found, increasing time in SB and fewer breaks were associated with worse function in the males only. The SB questionnaire had acceptable test-retest reliability but poor validity compared to activPAL-measured SB. The majority of SB time was spent watching television, using the computer and reading. Discussion/conclusions This study provides further evidence for the association between SB and physical function and describes where older adults are spending their sedentary time. This information can be used in the design of future intervention to reduce sedentary time and improve function in older adults.
Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano
Sedentary behavior tends to increase with aging and several studies have focused on analyzing the components which may influence this pattern of behavior. Indirect and direct measuring have been used to determine the relative parameters to this phenomenon while there is no consensus about which parameter should be adopted to conceptualize sedentary behavior, making difficulty to establish comparisons among the studies on this population. The aim of this study was to systematically review the characterization of low level of physical activity and sedentary behavior in studies with older people. Electronic search on Scielo, LILACS, MEDLINE, PubMed, and ISI Web of Knowledge was carried out. Selection of the studies included: original manuscripts, with elderly analyzing sedentary behavior or low-level pf physical activity through direct and indirect measure. Search initially screened 190 manuscripts yielding 10 relevant studies. Questionnaire, self-reported questionnaire and acceleromet...
Exploring patterns of daily physical and sedentary behaviour in community-dwelling older adults
Age and …, 2011
Background: recent evidence suggests that the interaction between periods of sedentary and activity behaviour is important for health; providing distinctive information to assessment of activity alone. This study quantified activity and sedentary behaviour in older, community-dwelling adults. Methods: fifty-six community-dwelling older adults with an average age 79 (SD) years wore an ActivPAL accelerometer for 7 days and were assessed for a range of motor, cognitive and affective characteristics. Seven variables derived from accelerometry considered to represent four characteristics of habitual behaviour (volume, frequency, intensity and variability) were submitted to principal components factor analysis (PCA). Factor scores were retained and used as dependent variables in regression analysis. Results: three significant orthogonal factors emerged from the PCA, accounting for 80% of the variance in test scores: 'walking behaviour' which accounted for 39% of variance in the model; 'sedentary behaviour' explaining 24.3% of total variance; and 'postural transitions' which accounted for 16.7% of total variance. For the regression analysis, younger age and lower body mass index (BMI) emerged as significant predictors of physical behaviour, explaining 36% of the total variance. For postural transitions, lower BMI was the unique contributor, explaining 15% of total variance. Significant predictors of sedentary behaviours were not identified. Conclusions: walking, sedentary and transitory behaviours are distinct from each other, and together explain daily function. Further research on a larger sample is indicated to explore the characteristics that explain these behaviours, in particular the interplay between sedentary behaviour and periods of physical activity.
Journal of The American Geriatrics Society, 2007
OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between physical activity and the risk of incident disability, including impairment in activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), in community-based older persons free of dementia.DESIGN: Prospective, observational cohort study.SETTING: Approximately 40 retirement communities across the Chicago metropolitan area.PARTICIPANTS: More than 1,000 older persons from the Rush Memory and Aging Project, an ongoing longitudinal clinical-pathological study of common chronic conditions of old age.MEASUREMENTS: All participants underwent detailed annual clinical evaluations that included assessments of physical activity, ADLs, IADLs, and gait performance. The associations between physical activity, mortality, and incident disability were examined using a series of Cox proportional hazards models controlled for age, sex, education, and baseline gait.RESULTS: At baseline, participants spent a mean±standard deviation of 3.0±3.5 hours per week engaging in physical activity (range 0–35). In a proportional hazards model, the risk of death decreased 11% (hazard ratio (HR)=0.89, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.83–0.95) for each additional hour of physical activity per week. For those who were not disabled at baseline, the risk of developing disability in ADLs decreased 7% (HR=0.93, 95% CI=0.88–0.98) for each additional hour of physical activity per week. Similarly, the risk of disability in IADLs decreased 7% (HR=0.93, 95% CI=0.89–0.99) for each additional hour of physical activity.CONCLUSION: For community-based older persons without dementia, physical activity is associated with maintenance of functional status, including a reduced risk of developing impairment in ADLs and IADLs.
BMC Geriatrics, 2012
Background: Based on findings primarily using self-report measures, physical activity has been recommended to reduce disability in old age. Collecting objective measures of total daily physical activity in community-dwelling older adults is uncommon, but might enhance the understanding of the relationship of physical activity and disability. We examined whether greater total daily physical activity was associated with less report of disability in the elderly. Methods: Data were from the Rush Memory and Aging Project, a longitudinal prospective cohort study of common, age-related, chronic conditions. Total daily physical activity was measured in community-dwelling participants with an average age of 82 using actigraphy for approximately 9 days. Disability was measured via self-reported basic activities of daily living (ADL). The odds ratio and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) were determined for the baseline association of total daily physical activity and ADL disability using a logistic regression model adjusted for age, education level, gender and self-report physical activity. In participants without initial report of ADL disability, the hazard ratio and 95% CI were determined for the relationship of baseline total daily physical activity and the development of ADL disability using a discrete time Cox proportional hazard model adjusted for demographics and self-report physical activity. Results: In 870 participants, the mean total daily physical activity was 2. 9 × 10 5 counts/day (range in 10 5 counts/ day = 0.16, 13. 6) and the mean hours/week of self-reported physical activity was 3.2 (SD = 3.6). At baseline, 718 (82.5%) participants reported being independent in all ADLs. At baseline, total daily physical activity was protective against disability (OR per 10 5 counts/day difference = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.47, 0.65). Of the participants without baseline disability, 584 were followed for 3.4 years on average. Each 10 5 counts/day additional total daily physical activity was associated with reduced hazard of developing disability by 25% (HR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.66, 0.84). The results were unchanged after controlling for important covariates including cognition, depressive symptoms, and chronic health conditions. Conclusions: Greater total daily physical activity is independently associated with less disability even after controlling for self-reported physical activity.
Effects of Physical Activity on the Physical Condition and Quality of Life of Elderly People
Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences
Background: The article raises a topical scientific problem regarding the physical inactivity and low physical capacity of the elderly population, the indicators of which, according to researchers in old age, can help predict institutionalization, disability, or even the risk of premature death. Various organizations around the world are striving to increase the number of physically active people by raising awareness and developing preventive measures. In this study, we looked for optimal activities that can effectively improve the physical capacity and quality of life self assessment of older people. Methods: Eurofit tests were used to assess physical capacity (Jones, & Rikli, 2002). The study assessed the physical capacity of elderly people to determine body composition, motor system capacity, skeletal muscle capacity, and cardiovascular capacity. A shortened version of the WHO questionnaire (World Health Organization Quality of Life 100 - WHOQOL-100), WHO-BREF-26 was used to asse...