Condylomata acuminate-Review (original) (raw)
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Journal of Obstetrics Gynecology and Cancer Research, 2017
Anogenital warts (AGWs) are the most prevalent sexually transmitted viral infections in the United States of America. Symptomatic warts can be seen in nearly 1% of the population aged 15 to 49 years. Genital warts are highly contagious through sexual contact. AGWs can be diagnosed by careful visual inspection. Several methods have been described for the treatment of warts; however, all have their own limitations and are not always successful. Warts often recur even after being completely removed. The treatments of warts can be divided into two broad categories, ie, surgical and nonsurgical methods. The patient himself/herself can apply the nonsurgical methods, or a physician can perform it. Podophyllotoxin is a good medical substance. Imiquimod can act as an immune response modifier and stimulate locally produced cytokine. Topical treatments of warts increase local production of interferon and decrease viral load of human papiloma virus (HPV). The surgical methods for genital warts include curettage, electrosurgery, and application of a scalpel under general or local anesthesia. Scattered keratinized lesions can be removed by electrosurgery. Patients with multiple or large warts of any location should be referred for surgical treatment under general anesthesia.
Anal Warts (Condylomata Acuminata) – Current Issues and Treatment Modalities
Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 2014
HPV infections are currently the most frequent cause of genital infections in the USa. Risk factors are early onset of sexual activity, multiple sexual partners, a history STds, an early age of first pregnancy and tobacco use. In the past, HPV viruses were thought to be STds, but it is now known that penetration is not necessary. Skin-to-skin or mucosa-to-mucosa contact is enough to transmit the virus, which presents high tropism for those tissues. The Papillomaviridae family includes over 120 viruses, some of which have high malignant transformation rates. The most common malignancy connected to HPV is uterine cervix cancer and anal canal cancer. The range of morphology of perianal lesions means that a thorough clinical examination is required, including an anoscopy. Therapeutic modalities often seek to eliminate macroscopic changes rather than focus on the cause of the infection, which leads to a high recurrence rate. Externally located changes can be eliminated with patient-applied treatments. Those located in the anal canal and distal end of the rectal ampulla require treatment by a qualified medical provider. due to the high recurrence rate after standard treatment, special attention has been given to vaccinations. The polyvalent vaccine includes HPV viruses with both low and high malignant transformation risk. This has led to a decrease in the rate of malignancies (Adv Clin Exp Med 2014, 23, 2, 307-311).
Extensive Genital Warts in Man Hampering Conjugal Life: A Case Report
Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal, 2020
Genital warts, commonly known as condyloma acuminata, caused by the proliferation of squamous epithelial cells in the presence of sexually transmission of human papilloma Virus (HPV) infection. In human, HPV infection results in simple condyloma acuminatum, giant condyloma or Buschke-LÖwenstein tumour, and seldom penile carcinoma. There are several modalities of treatment options available for genital warts-medical and surgical, alone or in combination. Sometimes extensive genital warts represent a district entity resulting from HPV infection and require surgical management. We present the case of a 42-year-old male; rickshaw puller had multiple professional female sexual partners, who presented with extensive genital warts in penoscrotal region. Lesions were treated due to failure of medical management, by wide electrosurgical excision and rotation scrotal skin flaps.
External Genital Warts: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2002
onstrate that HPV types 6 and 11 are most often associated with external genital warts (EGWs) [7-25]. Clinical warts are the most common recognized clinical manifestation of genital HPV infection. Although HPVs infect the squamous epithelium at a variety of anatomical locations, the present review focuses on EGWs; these are visible warts that occur on the perigenital and perianal region: the penis, scrotum, and vulva; pubic, perineal, and perianal areas; and crural folds. We focus primarily on the available treatments, including studies published since our prior review [26], and factors that influence treatment decisions. In addition, we briefly review diagnostic criteria and issues pertinent to prevention, including approaches relevant to EGW-affected patients and their partners and the prevention of transmission, both sexual and perinatal. BACKGROUND Papillomaviruses infect virtually all vertebrates. Although there may be as many as 230 different HPV types according to data from partially sequenced virus
Systematic review of the incidence and prevalence of genital warts
BMC Infectious Diseases, 2013
Background: Anogenital warts (AGWs) are a common, highly infectious disease caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), whose high recurrence rates contribute to direct medical costs, productivity loss and increased psychosocial impact. Because of the lack of a systematic review of the epidemiology of AGWs in the literature, this study reviewed the published medical literature on the incidence and prevalence of AGWs. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed on the worldwide incidence and prevalence of AGWs between 2001 and 2012 using the PubMed and EMBASE databases. An additional screening of abstracts from relevant sexual health and infectious disease conferences from 2009 to 2011 was also conducted. Only original studies with general adult populations (i.e., at least including ages 20 through 40 years) were included. Results: The overall (females and males combined) reported annual incidence of any AGWs (including new and recurrent) ranged from 160 to 289 per 100,000, with a median of 194.5 per 100,000. New AGW incidence rates among males ranged from 103 to 168 per 100,000, with a median of 137 per 100,000 and among females from 76 to 191 per 100,000, with a median of 120.5 per 100,000 per annum. The reported incidence of recurrent AGWs was as high as 110 per 100,000 among females and 163 per 100,000 among males. Incidence peaked before 24 years of age in females and between 25 and 29 years of age among males. The overall prevalence of AGWs based on retrospective administrative databases or medical chart reviews or prospectively collected physician reports ranged from 0.13% to 0.56%, whereas it ranged from 0.2% to 5.1% based on genital examinations. Conclusions: The literature suggests that AGWs are widespread and the prevalence depends on study methodology as suggested by higher rates reported from routine genital examinations versus those from treatment records. However, there remains a need for more population-based studies from certain regions including Africa, Latin America and Southern Asia to further elucidate the global epidemiology of this disease.
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2011
Background: Genital warts may mimic a variety of conditions, thus complicating their diagnosis and treatment. The recognition of early flat lesions presents a diagnostic challenge. Objective: We sought to describe the dermatoscopic features of genital warts, unveiling the possibility of their diagnosis by dermatoscopy. Methods: Dermatoscopic patterns of 61 genital warts from 48 consecutively enrolled male patients were identified with their frequencies being used as main outcome measures. Results: The lesions were examined dermatoscopically and further classified according to their dermatoscopic pattern. The most frequent finding was an unspecific pattern, which was found in 15/61 (24.6%) lesions; a fingerlike pattern was observed in 7 (11.5%), a mosaic pattern in 6 (9.8%), and a knoblike pattern in 3 (4.9%) cases. In almost half of the lesions, pattern combinations were seen, of which a fingerlike/knoblike pattern was the most common, observed in 11/61 (18.0%) cases. Among the vascular features, glomerular, hairpin/dotted, and glomerular/dotted vessels were the most frequent finding seen in 22 (36.0%), 15 (24.6%), and 10 (16.4%) of the 61 cases, respectively. In 10 (16.4%) lesions no vessels were detected. Hairpin vessels were more often seen in fingerlike (x 2 = 39.31, P = .000) and glomerular/dotted vessels in knoblike/mosaic (x 2 = 9.97, P = .008) pattern zones; vessels were frequently missing in unspecified (x 2 = 8.54, P = .014) areas. Limitations: Only male patients were examined. Conclusions: There is a correlation between dermatoscopic patterns and vascular features reflecting the life stages of genital warts; dermatoscopy may be useful in the diagnosis of early-stage lesions.