The Contribution of Planning and Urbanization Tools to Managing the Risk of Flooding, the Case of the Urban Expansion Area in the City of M’Sila, Algeria (original) (raw)
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Technium Social Sciences Journal
The study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the completed concrete canal in the urban expansion area of the city of M’sila to prevent the flood risks of river Portem, by performing a hydraulic simulation using the 2D river simulation program HEC-RAS 2D and geographic information systems (SIG), in this research and after determining The water catchment, extraction of morphological characteristics, and calculation of the maximum flow quantity Qmaxm 3/s based on the series of rainfall data for the reed station for a period of 37 years after processing it spatially in geographic information systems. The areas exposed to the risk of flooding have a direct relationship with the period of return, so that an area of 9.98 hectares was recorded in the return period of 10 years, 12.72 hectares in 50 years, and 14.31 hectares in 100 years. The study also showed the importance of using HEC- RAS 2D and (SIG) in evaluating the efficiency of the concrete channel to prevent floods and contribute to ...
International Journal of Disaster Risk Management, 2023
Through this research, we try to identify the policy of prevention and management of disasters related to the risk of flooding in Algeria, especially by knowing the degree of integration and interest of the State in this risk, and by examining the completeness of legislation and regulation, their complementarity or not, their realistic effects, and the extent of effective control over the phenomenon, and from there, the research focused on various legislation related to land use, insurance, institutional organization, legislation on water evacuation, dam safety, construction techniques for protection, infrastructure, public hygiene, environmental protection, organization of emergency response, first aid, warning systems, information methods, control and maintenance, attempts to raise awareness and rehabilitation. And the construction laws and the knowledge of their real weight. The research has shown late interest in this aspect, as it has clarified some of the problems that prevent finding practical ways to protect cities, such as the lack of plans indicating areas at risk of flooding, the lack of real programming of these plans, the lack of control of irregular urban expansion, the lack of separation and detail in the general guidelines for cities and rural areas in the field, and the lack of control of the tasks assigned to the Local authorities in this aspect in the legal texts, especially with regard to the municipality, the absence of private institutions for insurance for this type of risk and the absence of specialized teams for disaster relief. The research also indicates some means that allow better protection of the risk, such as the possibility of relying on historical plans as a temporary and conditional measure for areas that have been exposed to floods in order to pass the prevention policy on the ground and try to exploit remote sensing techniques and develop modelling methods to achieve real predictions and simulations of areas at risk.
Analysis of the Vulnerability of the City of Batna (Algeria) to Flooding
2016
The objective of this research paper is to estimate the vulnerability of the city of Batna to flooding. A multi-criteria analysis has been performed in a geographic information system (GIS) by integrating several features relating to socio-economic stakes with the aim of better understanding, assessing and spatializing the level of vulnerability in the city. Therefore, we have used a customised index approach where each parameter is a numerical index indicating the importance of the stakes, resulting in a code to be used for the modelling.
Urban Growth, Sewerage Network and Flooding Risk: Flooding of November 10, 2001 in Algiers
2011
The objective of this work is to present a expertise on flooding hazard analysis and how to reduce the risk. The analysis concerns the disaster induced by the flood on November 10/11, 2001 in the Bab El Oued district of the city of Algiers.The study begins by an expertise of damages in related with the urban environment and the history of the urban growth of the site. After this phase, the work is focalized on the identification of the existing correlations between the development of the town and its vulnerability. The final step consists to elaborate the interpretations on the interactions between the urban growth, the sewerage network and the vulnerability of the urban system.In conclusion, several recommendations are formulated permitting the mitigation of the risk in the future. The principal recommendations concern the new urban operations and the existing urbanized sites. Keywords—urban growth, sewerage network, vulnerability of town, flooding risk, mitigation
12th International Space Syntax Symposium 12SSS, Beijing: Beijing Jiaotong University, China, 2019
Egypt is well known for establishing new cities in the desert to extend urban areas out of its congested valleys, mostly in the Greater Cairo region. Some of these new cities face strong challenges when potential flooding is not considered as a vital aspect in the master planning development phases. A new administrative capital (NAC) city is currently under construction in the eastern desert region of Greater Cairo. Topographically a slope runs from east (the Suez and Red Sea governorates) to west (the Nile valley, Greater Cairo). Between the NAC and Cairo is another recent city development, named New Cairo city, which faced flooding in 2018. The cause of this problem was not disregard for potential floods in the initial masterplan, but rather it was the construction of buildings within the flood area resulting from the Minister of Housing selling off building plots between 2003 and 2009. This caused a massive flooding impact on buildings, interruptions to the street network and traffic flow, and splits in the urban structure to create various isolated entities. This paper proposes a methodological approach that combines different layers of analysis to investigate the impact of flood risks on the urban structure of new cities and highlight the importance of considering that risk while the masterplan is in the development process. It overlays flood simulation models, syntactic analysis, topographical and flood studies and compares the results in two different scenarios: under average rainfall versus full flooding. The case study is based on the NAC. Combining different analytical methods helps to identify urban zones under flood risk precisely and to propose solutions. The resulting remedy to solve the problem in the NAC would be to: (1) identify the essential locations for placing necessary reservoirs and catchments, and (2) widen the green valley (green belt). These proposed solutions can be directed to the municipalities and planners to consider flood risks while developing the masterplan in its initial phases or during ongoing construction phases when remedies can still be included in the project's phasing. Hence there are two targets for further research: (1) how feasible amendments to the masterplan may be made during the construction phases, and (2) how regulations can be developed for flood risk zones to protect buildings from massive loss.
Urban sprawl development and flooding at Yeumbeul suburb (Dakar-Senegal)
2008
Rapid development of urban centers in Africa is becoming a serious challenge for the coming decades with a wide range of foreseen social, economical and environmental implications. With the natural growth of the population, urban demography has been boosted by rural exodus triggered by serious droughts and increasing rural poverty. With the small resources available for an adequate urban management and the lack of efficient urban policy, Dakar capital of Senegal is characterized by an out of control urbanization process. Among the many impacts noted, flooding has appeared recently as a major threat for poor population leaving in the suburbs of Dakar. This study carried out at the outskirts of the town, in Yeumbeul District (17°24' North, 14°46' West), tries from rainfall variability, Digital Terrain Model and land cover change analysis since 1954 to track the interactions between natural and human causes of flooding occurring regularly since 1989. This integrated approach shows that the flooding process is not a mere climate variability related issue, it is tightly bound with poor urban management and occupation of irregular, unsuited land devoted to natural process. Satisfaction of housing needs was, for most poor rural dwellers, only possible through informal land markets, forcing them to settle in cheap yet risky lands. The recent extreme rainfall events reveal that most of these urban sprawls are located in flood prone areas. Environmental impacts of these flooded settlements have been examined. Serious flooding of 2005 has been a great momentum for the State and several other stakeholders to initiate various strategies that are discussed in this paper.
Flood Hazard in the City of Chemora (Algeria)
Analele Universităţii din Oradea, Seria Geografie, 2021
Floods become major concerns in most gobe regions due to socio-economic and environmental consequences caused by these phenomena in recent decades. Most Algerian cities are exposed to flood risks and suffered from its consequences. The purpose of this paper is the spatialization of flood hazard in the city of Chemora (Algeria) by hydraulic modelling in a GIS environment whose objective is prevention, which requires a set of hydrological and hydraulic informations in order to achieve a comprehensive and effective management.
Flood Analysis and Mitigation Strategies in Algeria
Natural Disaster Science and Mitigation Engineering: DPRI reports, 2021
Floods are frequent hazard in Algeria. They cause severe casualties, destroy infrastructures, and impair economies. In the past decades, Algeria experienced devastating floods. The dominant type of occurring floods are flash floods, which tend to be not well documented and studied in Algeria. This chapter presents a brief introduction to the flood phenomena within the Algerian climatic and management context, based on databases, scientific publications, and local technical reports. Existing studies about floods are reviewed. It also provides an analysis of the most disastrous floods that occurred in the past decades. Of the most noteworthy flash floods, a highlight of the Bab El Oued flash flood occurring in a heavily urbanized setting and the M’zab Valley flash flood, which took place in a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The monitoring network in Algeria is presented and data availability is discussed. The implementation of the first forecasting and early warning system are also presen...