Inhibitory Effects of Two Varieties of Tunisian Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Extracts on Gastrointestinal Transit in Rat (original) (raw)
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Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery, 2018
Background: Punica granatum L. (pomegranate), is a shrub mostly available in the Mediterranean Sea region. The fruits have gained the substantial attention among researchers due to their promising biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antidiarrheal, immune modulatory, antitumor, wound healing and antifungal that have been attributed to various constituents of seeds, bark, juice, pericarp, and leaf of this tree across the globe. The phenolic compounds of pomegranate have been documented to possess numbers of prophylactic and therapeutic utilities against various pathological infections as well as non-infectious disorders. Objective: The current review expedites the pharmacological role of Punica granatum L. in curing elements related to infectious and non-infectious disorders. Method: The current review is based on literature and patents already available on various scientific databases highlighting the role of Punica granatum along with its therapeutic potentials against infectious and non-infectious disorders. The databases included under study were PubMed, Med line, PubMed Central, Science Direct and few other scientific databases. The information obtained through these diverse databases is compiled, critically interpreted and presented in the current study. Results: Multi-dimensional beneficial application of pomegranate plant is recorded. The pomegranate seed oil has phytoestrogenic compounds and the fruit is rich in phenolic compounds with strong antioxidant activity. The fruit and bark of pomegranate are used against intestinal parasites, dysentery, and diarrhea in different animals and human models. Since the ancient time the juice and seeds had considered the best therapy for throat and heart disorders. Ellagic acid is one of the main components of pomegranate with potent antioxidant activity. Results from different studies reported that Punica granatum L or its byproducts can be used as natural food additives in human and animal nutrition in order to boost immunity, microbial safety and provide the housing environment without affecting body weight gain. In addition, Punica granatum L. byproducts can modulate immune function and gut microbiota of broiler chickens as well as reduce the odorous gas emissions from ex-creta. Naturally occurring polyphenols in a pomegranate can be a potential alternative medicine for the prevention of avian Colibacillosis diseases and can also be used as an intestine astringent to relieve diarrhea and enteri-tis in chickens. Conclusion: The present review gives the insight towards major components of pomegranate as well as their pharmacological activities against pathological disorders. In spite of many beneficial properties of Punica granatum L., more research evidence on a molecular basis is needed to find out the molecular mechanism of action in various animals and human models to validate the usefulness of Punica granatum L. as a potent therapeutic agent.
Antidiarrheal Activity of the Aqueous Extract of Punica granatum . (Pomegranate) Peels
Pharmaceutical Biology, 2007
The antidiarrheal effects of the aqueous extract of Punica granatum L. (Punicaceae) peels were evaluated in rats. Studies were carried out on the isolated rat ileum, gastrointestinal motility in vivo, and on castor oil-induced diarrhea in rats. The results revealed that the extract exhibited a concentration-dependent inhibition of the spontaneous movement of the isolated rat ileum and attenuated acetylcholine-induced contractions. The extract (100, 200, 300, and 400 mg=kg) also caused a dose-dependent decrease of gastrointestinal transit and markedly protected rats against castor oil-induced diarrhea enteropooling. The intraperitoneal injection LD 50 of the extract was found to be 1321AE15 mg=kg in mice. A preliminary phytochemical screening of the aqueous extract of Punica granatum peels gave positive tests for tannins, flavonoids, and alkaloids. The results obtained showed that the aqueous extract of Punica granatum peels may contain some biologically active principles that may be active against diarrhea, and this may be the basis for its traditional use for gastrointestinal disorders.
International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2021
Objective: Diarrheal disease and its complications remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children, especially in developing countries. It is usually a symptom of an infection in the intestinal tract, which can be caused by a variety of bacterial, viral, parasitic or organisms. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity and dose of white pomegranate peel (Punica granatum L.) ethanol extract as an antidiarrheal in white male mice using the intestinal transit method. Methods: Mice were grouped into 5 groups: negative control (Na CMC 1 %), positive control (loperamide HCl 0.0104 mg/20 g mice BW), and pomegranate peel ethanol extract test group 1, 2, and 3 (dose of 16, 32, and 64 mg/20 g mice BW). The length of the intestine that the ink marker traversed from the pylorus to the end (which is black) was measured using a ruler. Results: Based on statistical analysis, there were significant differences between all groups (<0.05). The highest antidiarrheal activity was in the ethanolic extract of pomegranate peel at a dose of 64 mg/20 g mice BW with an inhibition percentage of 36.44% and higher than the positive control (29.81%). The inhibition percentage was also resulted by dose 1 and 2 (12.46% and 29.53%, respectively). Conclusion: From these results show a correlation that the higher the extract dose, the higher the antidiarrheal potential.
Therapeutic Effects of Punica granatum (Pomegranate): An Updated Review of Clinical Trials
Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism
Punica granatum L. belongs to the Punicaceae family which is distributed around the world. Different parts of pomegranate like seed, peel, juice, and leaves are rich in potential bioactive compounds. These plants have found application in traditional medicine such as in treatment of gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and endocrine diseases, among others. The present review aimed to summarize the current research on the traditional and scientific applications of P. granatum with regard to the phytochemical content and clinical applications that may be useful for future drug development. Information about P. granatum was obtained from local classic herbal literature and electronic databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. Several phytochemical constituents including polyphenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanosides, alkaloids, lignans, and triterpenes have been reported from the plant. Randomized clinical trials have provided evidence as to the pharmacological activities of pomegr...
Applied Sciences
The pomegranate fruit is made of white to deep purple seeds that are enclosed in a white, spongy, astringent membrane, also known as pericarp, covered by a thick red skin and a crown-shaped calyx. It contains a variety of beneficial ingredients, including flavonoids, ellagitannin, punicalagin, ellagic acid, vitamins, and minerals. Pomegranates possess numerous health benefits, and their use in disease treatment has been widely recognized since antiquity. This fruit was known to exhibit several biological properties, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Pomegranate has been used in a variety of medical systems for the treatment and therapy of a wide range of diseases and illnesses. This review summarizes studies highlighting the potential role of pomegranate in the prevention and treatment of diseases related to respiratory and digestive systems.
Therapeutic applications of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.): a review
2008
The pomegranate, Punica granatum L., is an ancient, mystical, unique fruit borne on a small, long-living tree cultivated throughout the Mediterranean region, as far north as the Himalayas, in Southeast Asia, and in California and Arizona in the United States. In addition to its ancient historical uses, pomegranate is used in several systems of medicine for a variety of ailments. The synergistic action of the pomegranate constituents appears to be superior to that of single constituents. In the past decade, numerous studies on the antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, and anti-inflammatory properties of pomegranate constituents have been published, focusing on treatment and prevention of cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, dental conditions, erectile dysfunction, bacterial infections and antibiotic resistance, and ultraviolet radiation-induced skin damage. Other potential applications include infant brain ischemia, male infertility, Alzheimer's disease, arthritis, and obesity.
Pomegranate as a functional food and nutraceutical source
Annual review of food science and technology, 2011
Pomegranate, a fruit native to the Middle East, has gained widespread popularity as a functional food and nutraceutical source. The health effects of the whole fruit, as well as its juices and extracts, have been studied in relation to a variety of chronic diseases. Promising results against cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and prostate cancer have been reported from human clinical trials. The in vitro antioxidant activity of pomegranate has been attributed to its high polyphenolic content, specifically punicalagins, punicalins, gallagic acid, and ellagic acid. These compounds are metabolized during digestion to ellagic acid and urolithins, suggesting that the bioactive compounds that provide in vivo antioxidant activity may not be the same as those present in the whole food. Anthocyanins and the unique fatty acid profile of the seed oil may also play a role in pomegranate's health effects. A more complete characterization of pomegranate components and their physiological fate ...
Nutritional and Medicinal Evaluation of Pomegranate
2018
Pomegranate is known as Punica granatum, belongs to the Monogeneric family, Punicaceae, predominantly found in China, Iran, USA and the Himalayas in northern India, all through the Mediterranean district. For thousands of years, the practice of Ayurvedic medicine has alleviated illnesses and attributed over all positive health by herbal medicines and has indicated the importance of pomegranate. These plants contain various bioactive ingredients used to cure different diseases. The therapeutic properties of these plants could be established on the cancer prevention agent, antimicrobial, antipyretic or pain relieving impacts of different Phytochemicals. Recently, the reactions related with the activity of allopathic medications have brought about an expanded request for the phyto-pharmaceutical results of Ayurveda. In Unani drug, a Middle Eastern customary medicinal framework that later flourished in India. Pomegranate flowers fill in as a solution for Diabetes mellitus. In addition i...
A Review on the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Pomegranate in the Gastrointestinal Tract
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013
Several biological activities of pomegranate have been widely described in the literature, but the anti-inflammatory effect in the gastrointestinal tract has not been reviewed till now. The aim of the present paper is to summarize the evidence for or against the efficacy of pomegranate for coping with inflammatory conditions of the gastro-intestinal tract. The paper has been organized in three parts: (1) the first one is devoted to the modifications of pomegranate active compounds in the gastro-intestinal tract; (2) the second one considering the literature regarding the anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate at gastric level; (3) the third part considers the anti-inflammatory effect of pomegranate in the gut. In vivo studies performed on the whole fruit or juice, peel, and flowers demonstrate antiulcer effect in a variety of animal models. Ellagic acid was the main responsible for this effect, although other individual ellagitannins could contribute to the biological activity of the mixture. Different preparations of pomegranate, including extracts from peels, flowers, seeds, and juice, show a significant anti-inflammatory activity in the gut. No clinical studies have been found, thus suggesting that future clinical studies are necessary to clarify the beneficial effects of pomegranate in the gastrointestinal tract.