Early Life Exposure to Malaria and Economic Development ∗ (original) (raw)
This paper investigates the long-term relationship between early life exposure to malaria and adult socioeconomic outcomes in Brazil. The identification strategy relies on exogenous variation in the risk of malaria outbreaks in different states and seasons of the year to identify early life exposure according to the timing and location of birth. Furthermore, Brazil has undergone a successful campaign of malaria eradication during the 1950s, which allows for employing a differences-in-differences design to compare outcomes of birth cohorts born just prior to and just after eradication. I find consistent negative treatment effects of in utero exposure on years of education and on income levels and the effects are stronger for exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy than during other periods of gestation. Additionally, consistent with previous findings, men are more likely to exhibit larger long-term effects. I find no significant treatment effects of early life exposure to ma...
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