Vitamin D status and cardiometabolic disease risk among healthy adults of Northern Ghana (original) (raw)
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Objective: Recent literature has suggested an association between low serum vitamin D levels and the burden of cardio-metabolic risk factors (obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia). In the context of the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and cardio-metabolic risk factors in Saudi Arabia, this study was designed to examine the association between vitamin D deficiency and cardio-metabolic risk factors among adults with coronary heart disease (CHD) and without CHD in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A total of 130 CHD subjects and 195 subjects without CHD were recruited from three hospitals in the western region of the Kingdom. Fasting blood samples were collected from each subject to measure serum levels of vitamin D, glucose, and total cholesterol. Anthropometric and blood pressure were also measured. Results: Subjects with CHD had a higher prevalence of diabetes (35.4% and 14%, respectively) and obesity (44% and 22%, respectively) compared with subjects without CHD. However, subjects without CHD had a higher prevalence of cholesterol (13.3% and 5.4%, respectively) and overweight (45% and 24.4%, respectively) than subjects with CHD. The results indicated that vitamin D deficiency [serum 25(OH)D<20 ng/mL] was associated with increased risk of diabetes in CHD subjects (OR: 2.9, 95% CI: 1.02-8.5, p=0.04), while there was no association observed in subjects without CHD (OR:1.4, 95% CI: 0.5-3.8, p=0.616). No significant associations were found between vitamin D deficiency and other cardio-metabolic risk factors including obesity, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia, in either group. Conclusion: The present study reveals that vitamin D deficiency was associated with a higher risk of diabetes only in subjects with CHD, but not in subjects without CHD. However, this differential association between vitamin D deficiency and other cardio-metabolic risk factors was not observed. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors among Saudi Women with vitamin D deficiency
Endocrine Abstracts, 2017
Background: Professional drivers are known to be at high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study was carried out to highlight these risk factors and their predictors among male long-distance professional bus drivers in Lagos, southwest Nigeria, with a view to improving health awareness in this group. Methods: Socio-demographic data, anthropometric indices, blood pressure, fasting plasma blood glucose levels and lipid and physical activity profiles of 293 drivers were measured. Results: Mean age of the study population was 48 ± 9.7 years; 71.0 and 19.5% of the drivers used alcohol and were smokers, respectively; and 50.9% were physically inactive. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 41.7 and 21.1%, respectively, while 39.7 and 13.9% were hypertensive and diabetic, respectively. Ninety (31.3%) subjects had impaired fasting glucose levels while 56.3% had dyslipidaemia. Predictors of hypertension were age and body mass index (BMI). BMI only was a predictor of abnormal glucose profile. Conclusion: Professional male long-distance bus drivers in this study showed a high prevalence of a cluster of risk factors for CVD.
Journal of Diabetes Research, 2014
Aim. To report vitamin D status and its impact on metabolic parameters in people in the United Arab Emirates with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methodology. This cross-sectional study included 309 individuals with obesity and T2D who were randomly selected based on study criteria. Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (s-25(OH)D), calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, alkaline phosphatase, glycemic profile, and cardiometabolic parameters were assessed in fasting blood samples, and anthropometric measurements were recorded. Results. Vitamin D deficiency (s-25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L) was observed in 83.2% of the participants, with a mean s-25(OH)D of 33.8 ± 20.3 nmol/L. Serum 25(OH)D correlated negatively ( < 0.01) with body mass index, fat mass, waist circumference, parathyroid hormone, alkaline phosphatase, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B and positively ( < 0.01) with age and calcium concentration. Waist circumference was the main predictor of s-25(OH)D status. There was no significant association between serum 25(OH)D and glycemic profile. Conclusion. There is an overwhelming prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in our sample of the Emirati population with obesity and T2D. Association of s-25(OH)D with body mass index, waist circumference, fat mass, markers of calcium homeostasis and cardiometabolic parameters suggests a role of vitamin D in the development of cardiometabolic disease-related process.
Nutrients
The Ghanaian population is experiencing an upsurge in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) due to rapid urbanization. Besides dietary factors, vitamin D-related genetic determinants have also been shown to contribute to the development of obesity and T2D. Hence, we aimed to examine the interactions between dietary factors and vitamin D-related genetic variants on obesity and T2D related outcomes in a Ghanaian population. Three hundred and two healthy Ghanaian adults (25–60 years old) from Oforikrom, Municipality in Kumasi, Ghana were randomly recruited and had genetic tests, dietary consumption analysis, and anthropometric and biochemical measurements of glucose, HbA1c, insulin, cholesterol, and triglycerides taken. A significant interaction was identified between vitamin D-GRS and fiber intake (g/day) on BMI (pinteraction = 0.020) where those who were consuming low fiber (≤16.19 g/d) and carrying more than two risk alleles for vitamin D deficiency (p = 0.01) had a significantly higher...
BioFactors, 2019
Hypovitaminosis D has reached epidemic proportions in Qatar. Vitamin D is linked to several cardiometabolic diseases such as metabolic syndrome (MetSyn), diabetes, and atherosclerosis. It is not known if vitamin D status is linked to cardiometabolic risk factors in Qatari women. Therefore, a relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitmain D [25(OH)D] concentrations and MetSyn was investigated in Qatari women using the Qatar Biobank database. Study sample consisted of 700 women, aged 20-80 years old. A multivariate-adjusted logistic regression was used to determine relation between serum 25(OH)D and MetSyn prevalence. Multivariate linear regression was performed to determine the association between serum 25(OH)D and markers of MetSyn. Prevalences of MetSyn in the first (≈32%), second (≈27%), and third (≈28%) serum 25(OH)D quartiles were significantly higher compared to fourth serum 25(OH)D quartile (≈17.5%) (p < .035). The likelihood of having MetSyn was significantly higher in the first serum 25(OH)D quartile (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.06, 3.49) compared to the fourth serum 25(OH)D quartile (p < .001) in multivariate-adjusted analysis. No relationship was observed between serum 25(OH)D and waist circumference, blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), blood glucose, HDL-cholesterol, and serum triglycerides. This study showed an inverse relationship between prevalence of MetSyn and serum 25(OH)D in Qatari women. Given the widespread prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Qatar, consideration should be given to vitamin D fortification of some selected staple foods and through targeted supplementation of vitamin D in those who are at risk for cardiometabolic diseases.
BMC public health, 2013
Background: Besides its classical role in musculoskeletal diseases, vitamin D deficiency has recently been found to be associated with cardiometabolic risks such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia. Although Malaysia is a sunshine-abundant country, recent studies found that vitamin D deficiency prevalence was significantly high. However, few published studies that measured its effect on cardiometabolic risk factors were found in Malaysia. There are also limited clinical trials carried out globally that tried to establish the causality of vitamin D and cardiometabolic risks. Therefore, a double blind, parallel, randomized controlled trial on vitamin D and cardiometabolic risks is planned to be carried out. The objective of this study is to investigate whether vitamin D supplements can reduce the cardiometabolic risk and improve the quality of life in urban premenopausal women with vitamin D deficiency.
Recent evidence has pointed out an association between vitamin D deficiency and coronary heart disease (CHD). Due to the growing epidemic of CHD and vitamin D deficiency in Saudi Arabia, exploring the role of vitamin D in the prevention of CHD is crucial. The aim of this study was to examine the association between vitamin D status and CHD in Saudi Arabian adults. This case-control study included 130 CHD cases and 195 age-sex matched controls. Study subjects were recruited from three hospitals in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Study participants were interviewed face-to-face to collect data on their socio-demographic characteristics and family history of CHD. Fasting blood samples were collected, and serum levels of vitamin D, glucose, and total cholesterol were measured. Body weight, height, and blood pressure measurements were also recorded. Severe vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D < 10 ng/mL) was much more prevalent in CHD cases than in controls (46% and 3%, respectively). The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL) was associated with CHD, with an odds ratio of 6.5 (95% CI: 2.7–15, p < 0.001). The current study revealed that vitamin D deficiency is independently associated with CHD, suggesting an important predictor of CHD among Saudi adults.
Association between Serum Vitamin D and Metabolic Syndrome in a Sample of Adults in Lebanon
Nutrients
The evidence on the association between vitamin D and metabolic syndrome (MetS) is inconclusive. This was a cross-sectional study to explore the relationship between vitamin D serum levels and MetS in a sample of Lebanese adults (n = 230), free of diseases that affect vitamin D metabolism, recruited from an urban large university and neighboring community. MetS was diagnosed according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. A logistic regression analysis was performed taking MetS as the dependent variable, and vitamin D was forced into the model as an independent variable. The covariates included sociodemographic, dietary, and lifestyle variables. The mean (SD) serum vitamin D was 17.53 (12.40) ng/mL, and the prevalence of MetS was 44.3%. Serum vitamin D was not associated with MetS (OR = 0.99 (95% CI: 0.96, 1.02), p < 0.757), whereas the male sex, compared with the female sex and older age, was associated with higher odds of having MetS (OR = 5.92 (95% CI: 2.44, 14.33...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020
Introduction: 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is found in circulating blood and is regarded as an estimate of vitamin D status. Low circulating 25(OH)D levels are associated with a high body mass index (BMI), increased weight and the increased development of adipose tissue. This study aimed to determine the relationship between low 25(OH)D and cardio-metabolic risk factors among Ellisras young adults. Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional study that took place in a rural area at Ellisras in Limpopo Province South Africa. The study included 631 young adults (327 females and 304 males) aged between 20 and 29 years. Anthropometric measurements including height, weight and waist circumference were measured following standard procedures. Blood pressure, pulse pressure and blood parameters including fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides were also measured. Correlations and linear regression were performed to determine the relationship between low 25(OH)D and...