Heterotic Analysis (Oryza sativa L.) in Drought Tolerant Rice Accessions (original) (raw)
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Journal of Genetics Volume 92, Issue 3, pp 545-557, 2013
Assessment of genetic diversity in a crop germplasm is a vital part of plant breeding. DNA markers such as microsatellite or simple sequence repeat markers have been widely used to estimate the genetic diversity in rice. The present study was carried out to decipher the pattern of genetic diversity in terms of both phenotypic and genotypic variability, and to assess the efficiency of random vis-à-vis QTL linked/gene based simple sequence repeat markers in diversity estimation. A set of 88 rice accessions that included landraces, farmer’s varieties and popular Basmati lines were evaluated for agronomic traits and molecular diversity. The random set of SSR markers included 50 diversity panel markers developed under IRRI’s Generation Challenge Programme (GCP) and the trait-linked/gene based markers comprised of 50 SSR markers reportedly linked to yield and related components. For agronomic traits, significant variability was observed, ranging between the maximum for grains/panicle and the minimum for panicle length. The molecular diversity based grouping indicated that varieties from a common centre were genetically similar, with few exceptions. The trait-linked markers gave an average genetic dissimilarity of 0.45 as against that of 0.37 by random markers, along with an average polymorphic information constant value of 0.48 and 0.41 respectively. The correlation between the kinship matrix generated by trait-linked markers and the phenotype based distance matrix (0.29) was higher than that of random markers (0.19). This establishes the robustness of trait-linked markers over random markers in estimating genetic diversity of rice germplasm.
Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 2011
The heterosis and heterobeltiosis were estimated for 15 grain yield, and its component traits in 27 cross combinations to develop heterotic hybrids. The result revealed that grain yield and its component showed highly significant differences for all the traits. Among the 27 hybrids, five hybrids viz., IR58025A/IRFAN-115, IR58025A/SR-6-SW-8, IR58025A/ET 1–13, APMS 6A/ET 1–12, and APMS 6A/NPTR-2 showed significant heterosis for grain yield and seven hybrids showed significant negative heterosis for earliness and three hybrids for plant height. These hybrids may be exploited for heterosis breeding and should be screened for yield stability.
MAGNITUDE OF HETEROSIS FOR YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN HYBRID RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L
Performance of sixty F 1 hybrids along with their 23 parents and three standard varieties was evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications during Sali, 2013. Significant variation was observed for parents, hybrids and hybrids versus parents for most of the yield and yield related characters. Grain yield exhibited mid parent heterosis varying from-88.7 (IR 79156A/IET 19916) to 151.5% (IR 58025A/Prafulla), heterobeltiosis from-91.9 (IR 79156A/IET 19916) to 128.2% (IR 58025A/Prafulla) and standard heterosis ranging from-91.3 to 56.5% over the late maturing check Ranjit,-86.2 to 148.3% over medium duration check TTB 404 and-91.9 to 44.4% over the hybrid check JKRH 401. Non-significant or negative heterosis for grain yield in most hybrids was attributed to spikelet sterility of varying magnitudes. Significant and desirable SCA effects for component characters resulted in significant SCA effect and heterosis for grain yield.
Euphytica, 2014
Parental line improvement is a prerequisite for developing high yielding rice hybrids. Wild rice are reservoirs of useful genes for yield traits and introgression lines (ILs) with higher yield have been reported. The present experiment was carried out according to line 9tester mating design. 36 hybrids were phenotyped for yield and its components along with parental lines [6 cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines, 5 KMR3/Oryza rufipogon derived ILs and KMR3 as control]. The performance of hybrids was estimated based on relative heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis for yield and its contributing characters along with analysis of variance for combining ability. We identified a set of good general combiners for yield traits (testers: IL50-7, IL86-18, IL50-12 and CMS lines: IR79156A, APMS6A). Of the 36 hybrids tested, four hybrids IR79156A/IL50-13, IR58025A/IL50-12, APMS6A/ IL86-18 and APMS10A/IL363-5 showed significantly high specific combining ability and standard heterosis and APMS6A/IL86-18 showed highest yield. Heterosis for yield/plant ranged from 17.6 to 84.9 % and heterobeltiosis from 18.5 to 77.4 % at P \ 0.05. Standard heterosis ranged from 20 to 63 % in hybrids derived from ILs compared to hybrid check Karnataka Rice Hybrid-2. Only 7 out of 36 hybrids showed significantly higher yield than their respective controls. O. rufipogon allele of QS15 within sub-QTL3 of qyld2.1 was common in these seven hybrids. These results demonstrate that introgressions from wild species have the potential to enhance yield significantly in popular rice hybrids.
2021
Heterotic performance of fifty one F1s and their 20 parents were evaluated in randomized complete block design with three replications. Significant differences were observed among parents, hybrids and hybrids versus parents for most of the yield and yield related characters. On the basis of SCA effects, crosses UPRI 2008-6 × Pant Dhan 23, UPRI 2012-10 × Pant Dhan 26, Kharif 2011-SNo-1423 × Pant Dhan 26, Kharif 2015-SNo-1414 × Pant Dhan 4, Pant Dhan 18 × Pant Dhan 23 showed significant standard heterosis for various traits. These crosses can be included in future breeding programme to achieve better heterotic output for grain yield and most of the quality traits. For grain yield per plant, Kharif 2015-SNo-1414×Pant Dhan 4 (16.608) exhibited highly significant positive standard heterosis over Govind (339.177) and Pant Dhan 4 (145.226) having Good × Poor gca effect of parents followed by Kharif 2011-SNo-1423×Pant Dhan 26 (13.348) with significant standard heterosis over Govind (316.463...
International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2019
Nine lines and three testers were crossed in Line × Tester mating design during kharif season 2017 in Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Center, GBPUAT, Pantnagar. In kharif season 2018, field experiment with 39 genotypes comprising 12 parents and 27 F1s was laid down in randomized block design with three replications. Sixteen characters including yield and quality parameters were taken under study. Among lines UPR-3716-27-1-1 emerged as a good general combiner for the maximum number of traits. Among the testers, Taraouri Basmati and Lal Basmati was found good general combiners. UPR-3709-11-1-1 ×Lal Basmati, Pusa Sugandh Dhan 4 ×Sugandhmati and Hariyana Basmati ×Sugandhmati was identified as the best specific combination for most of the traits and Pusa Sugandh Dhan 4 ×Sugandhmati was identified as the best specific combination for grain yield plant-1. Relative heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis was estimated for all the characters among which for grain yield Hariyana Basmati ×Sugandhmati and Basmati 370 ×Taraouri Basmati excelled over maximum levels. Basmati 370 ×Sugandhmati and UPR-3506-7-1-1 ×Taraouri Basmati was identified as best heterotic combination at different levels for maximum traits like, days to 50% flowering, hulling recovery, grain yield plant-1 etc.
Nine lines and three testers were crossed in Line × Tester mating design during kharif season 2017 in Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Center, GBPUAT, Pantnagar. In kharif season 2018, field experiment with 39 genotypes comprising 12 parents and 27 F1s was laid down in randomized block design with three replications. Sixteen characters including yield and quality parameters were taken under study. Among lines UPR-3716-27-1-1 emerged as a good general combiner for the maximum number of traits. Among the testers, Taraouri Basmati and Lal Basmati was found good general combiners. UPR-3709-11-1-1 ×Lal Basmati, Pusa Sugandh Dhan 4 ×Sugandhmati and Hariyana Basmati ×Sugandhmati was identified as the best specific combination for most of the traits and Pusa Sugandh Dhan 4 ×Sugandhmati was identified as the best specific combination for grain yield plant -1 . Relative heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis was estimated for all the characters among which for grain yield Hariyana Basmati ×Sugandhmati and Basmati 370 ×Taraouri Basmati excelled over maximum levels. Basmati 370 ×Sugandhmati and UPR-3506-7-1-1 ×Taraouri Basmati was identified as best heterotic combination at different levels for maximum traits like, days to 50% flowering, hulling recovery, grain yield plant -1 etc.
Morpho-molecular Diversity Analysis in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes using Microsatellite Markers
Indian journal of agricultural research, 2022
Background: The insight concerning genetic diversity and relationship among the rice genotypes is a basic contribution to the crop improvement programs. The present field experiment was conducted to study the level of diversity present in 47 rice genotypes using both morphological and molecular analysis. Methods: The experiment was carried out at Agricultural Research Farm, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (U.P.), during Kharif-2019 with 47 rice genotypes. Mahalanobis' D 2 analysis was carried out to evaluate the morphological diversity present among the genotypes and 24 polymorphic SSR markers were used for molecular analysis using the NTSYSpc software. Result: Mahalanobis' D 2 grouped 47 rice genotypes into 6 clusters based on the inter-se genetic distance. The highest inter-cluster distance (1134.14) was observed between clusters II and IV indicating the genotypes present in these clusters to be highly divergent. Molecular diversity analysis grouped the 47 rice genotypes into 3 main clusters i.e., cluster I, cluster II and cluster III, which were further divided into sub-clusters. Polymorphic Information Content varied from 0.12 to 0.86, with an average of 0.465. The highest PIC value was observed for locus RM 507 (0.86). All the 24 primers showed polymorphism and the number of alleles was common for all i.e., 2. Together, the morphological and molecular diversity analysis revealed that Desi Dhan and IR 91143-AC 293-1, Desi Dhan and BD 105, IR 85850 and Lal Sundiya, Chauli and Swarna were the most diverse genotypes among the 47 rice genotypes included in the study.