Prevalence and Genotyping of High Risk Human Papillomavirus in Cervical Cancer Samples from Punjab, Pakistan (original) (raw)
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Human papillomavirus subtype 16 is common in Pakistani women with cervical carcinoma
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2007
Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is recognized as a major causative agent for cervical carcinomas. Based on their oncogenic potential, HPV subtypes have been divided into high-and low-risk. In Pakistan, screening for HPV in female patients is not commonly practiced, and as a consequence, the degree of HPV prevalence and its correlation with cervical cancer is unknown. Objective: In this study, we have attempted to estimate the prevalence of HPV infection, and also the HPV subtype profile, among Pakistani women with cervical cancer from varied geographical, racial, and social backgrounds within Pakistan. Methodology: Women visiting two tertiary care hospitals in Karachi, diagnosed with carcinoma of the cervix within the past 15 years, were analyzed for HPV subtypes in their cancer specimens. Retrospectively, 60 paraffin-embedded cervical cancer biopsies were examined for the presence of HPV DNA. After DNA extraction from these samples, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the HPV L1 gene using the consensus (general) primers, and primers specific for subtypes 16 and 18. Results: Of the 60 samples analyzed, only one sample was HPV negative; the rest of the samples were positive for the presence of HPV. Of the 59 HPV positive samples, 56 showed the presence of HPV16 and one sample was positive for HPV18; HPV subtype could not be determined in two samples. Conclusion: Our results show a strong relationship between HPV infection and cervical cancer among Pakistani women. These results underscore the need to implement regular HPV screening for Pakistani women. An early diagnosis of HPV infection will allow better health management to reduce the risk of developing cervical cancer. #
Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 1969
Background: Cervical cancer is the second most prevalent cancer in females worldwide. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a sexually transmitted infection. However, in addition to HPV infection, other factors exist that influence the risk of developing cervical cancer. In Pakistan most women who developed cervical cancer have been infrequently or never screened. Objective: To determine the prevalence of HPV infection and its subtype profile among asymptomatic patients with pre cancerous cervical intraepithelial lesion. Methods: In this hospital-based descriptive study, 160 asymptomatic females attending gynecology clinics were subjected to HPV screening after obtaining informed consent. Cervical Scrapings were examined by cytopathology and colposcopic directed biopsies taken. High-grade intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) CIN-2, and Low-grade intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) CIN-1 were selected. Samples were analyzed for the presence of HPV-DNA general and type specific genotype 16 and 18. HPV-DNA was extracted by QIA amp DNA kit protocol and amplification was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genotyped by type specific primers. Results: Out of 160, 17 Pap smear tests were positive, 6 (35.3%) with abnormal results (HSIL) CIN-2 were HPV-DNA positive. Among them, 5 (83.3%) had subtype 16 and in 1 (16.7%) case the genotype was undetectable. The remaining 11(6.9%) with pre cancer minimal abnormal (LSIL) CIN-1 presented. Out of them 3 (27.3%) were HPV-DNA positive with subtype 16. Five (45.4%) were followed by repeated pap smear every six months for two years, and the rest of 3 (27.3%) patients refused for the test. Conclusion: A high incidence of Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is found in women with pre cancerous lesion of cervix in Pakistani women.
Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research , 2020
Background & Objective: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide. HPV is a heterogeneous virus, and a persistent high-risk HPV infection contributes to cancer development. This study aims to determine the relative frequency of HPV genotypes in Kerman, Iran. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 women with Pap smear samples, referring to a general laboratory in Kerman, Iran. Detecting two HPV genotypes was carried out using Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. The sociodemographic survey was conducted for each HPV-positive woman. Results: Out of 50 cervical cancer patients, 33 women (66%) were HPV 16, 18-positive. HPV 16 (38%) was the most rampant type, followed by HPV 18 (14%) and HPV 16, 18 (14%). Conclusion: Studying the prevalence of HPV genotypes and their respective risk factors can lead to efficient vaccine development against the virus in each geographical area. It can also be beneficial for illness management and high sensitivity diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.
2016
Prevalence of E6/E7 oncogenes of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 have been studied in cervical cancer patients in Pakistani population. DNA extracted from 83 formalin fixed paraffin embedded cervical cancer samples was used for PCR amplification using primers specific for E6/E7 oncogenes of HPV type 16 and 18. Sixty five out of 83 cervical cancer samples were found to be positive for E6 and E7 oncogenes in HPV 16/18 subtypes (78.31%). Out of HPV positive samples, 63 (96.92%) cases were positive for HPV 16 and only 2 (3.07) % were positive for HPV 18. In HPV16 positive cases, mean age was found to be 35.753±11.231 and 63.5% cases were > 40 years. Regarding HPV 18 positive samples, one was 40 years of age with moderately differentiated histological grade and the other was 60 years of age with poorly differentiated cervical cancer. In HPV 16/18 positive samples, 52.31% were of moderately differentiated histological grade, 27.69% were of poorly differentiated histological ...
HPV Typing in Women with Cervical Precancerous and Cancerous Lesions in Northwestern Iran
Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation, 2008
Background/Aims: The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the etiology of cervical cancer is now well established. This investigation was designed to study the prevalence of the four most common high-risk HPVs in the archival tissues with precancerous and cancerous lesions from patients from northwestern Iran. Methods: 133 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens were tested for HPV DNA by using GP5+/6+-based general PCR and two type-specific PCRs. Results: In total, 84 (64%) out of 131 amplifiable samples were positive for HPV DNA. The most prevalent oncogenic HPV was type 16 (67.6%) followed by types 31 (22.8%), 18 (7.6%) and 33 (1%). Multiple HPV infections were present in 20 (15.3%) of the 131 samples. Notably, of these 20 cases with multiple infections, 15 were from patients with invasive cervical cancer. Conclusions: The multiplicity of HPV genotypes was noted in invasive cervical carcinoma samples, along with rather different circulating HPV types in the study popul...
APJCP, 2013
Background: Persistent infection of one or more of about 15 high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs), most commonly HPV types 16/18, has a significant role in cervical cancer initiation and progression. There are limited data available from northeast India about HPV prevalence though this region has high incidence rates of cervical cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the HPV genotypes prevalent in cervical cancer patients of northeast India. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 107 cervical cancer patient samples. Nested multiplex PCR assays were employed for detection of 13 high risk and 5 low risk HPV types. Results: HPV was confirmed in 105 samples. The presence of 6 'carcinogenic' HPV types, HPV-16 (88%),-18 (15%),-31(4%) ,-45 (3%),-59 (4%),-58(1%), and one non carcinogenic, HPV-6/11 (6%), was recorded. Among various demographic and clinical factors only tumour stage showed a statistically significant association with HPV type infection (P=0.019). Conclusions: We suggest that the most prevalent genotype is HPV-16 followed by HPV-18 in cervical carcinoma patients of the northeastern region of India. Advanced tumour stage may be associated with increased possibility of harbouring multiple HPV genotypes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 2019
Introduction: Cervical cancer is the most leading malignancy in women with the highest mortality rates in most of the countries and Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) 16 and 18 confer a greater risk of having cervical cancer than other genotypes. Aim: To assess the incidence of high risk type HPV 16 and 18 infections in cervical cancer patients and to study their association with various risk factors in females of Haryana, India. Materials and Methods: In present study, total 110 cervical cancer samples were collected from PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India. These samples were screened to confirm the presence of HPV infection by using degenerate primers for L1 open reading frame of HPV genome. Samples found positive for HPV infection were further studied by type-specific PCR for HPV 16 and 18. Statistical analysis were performed by using Medicalc software version 18.9. Odd ratio (95% confidence interval) was calculated to study association of sociodemographic and histopathological grades with HPV type specific infections. Results: Out of 110 samples, 107 (97.27%) were recorded positive for HPV DNA. A total of 90 (84.11%) and 78 (72.89%) patients were found infected with HPV 16 and 18 respectively. Risk factors like elder age, age at marriage, post menopause and poor genital hygiene were found to be significantly associated (p≤0.05) with HPV 18 infection and rural background showed significant association with HPV 16 infection in cervical cancer (p≤0.05). Conclusion: Results suggest that HPV 16 and 18 infections are highly prevalent in the cervical cancer patients of Haryana. These results will be useful in establishing the future guidelines for reducing risk of cervical cancer with the help of screening programs and by providing proper vaccines targeting HPV16 and 18. www.jcdr.net
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine International, 2011
The aim of this study was to determine the actual human papillomavirus (HPV) subtype that presents in cervical dysplasia and invasive carcinoma in the Saudi population, and the feasibility of using Hybrid Capture 2 technique (HC2) on biopsy specimens to detect certain HPV subtypes. Patients and methods: A prospective study was conducted from March 2007 to December 2008. The subjects studied were women with a mean age of 48.18 years, who attended the hospital for cervical biopsy due to the suspected diagnosis of cervical dysplasia or an invasive disease, based on previous suspicious Pap smear. HPV DNA hybridization by HC2 was performed on the cervical biopsies of these patients, to detect HPV infection. Results: During the period of this study, 45 patients had cervical biopsies taken for HPV testing. Seven patients had a negative HC2 result and were found to have no cervical dysplasia on the final pathology review. Seventeen cases with cervical dysplasia and 21 patients with invasive disease were presented; the mean age was 48 years. HC2 testing for HPV were found to be positive in patients with cervical dysplasia, invasive carcinoma, and all in 5 (29.4%), 13 (61.9%) and 18 (47.4%), respectively. The sensitivity of the test is 47% and specificity is 100%. Conclusion: The use of molecular detection of HPV DNA by HC2 in biopsy is feasible and effective. These results confirm the finding that HPV contributes to the etiology of cervical cancer in Muslim society.
International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2018
Globally, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women and the seventh most common cancer overall, accounting for an estimated 300 000 annual deaths. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the second most common cause of cervical cancer worldwide. HPV screening is not a common practice in Pakistan. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPV and HPV types in women with a normal cytology of the cervix living in the upper and lower regions of Punjab, Pakistan, and to analyze the risk factors for HPV in this region. PCR analysis was performed for 1011 female patients with a normal cytology of the cervix from various districts of Punjab Province, Pakistan. Risk factors for the acquisition of HPV were studied. High-risk HPV types (HPV16 and HPV18) were detected using the Abbott Real Time HR HPV test. To determine the genotype, partial L1 region sequences of HPV-positive samples were subjected to sequencing using MY/09/MY11 primers, and a phylogenetic tree was constru...