Preliminary Results Regarding the Optimal Seed Rates of Some Winter Wheat Varieties (original) (raw)

2023, LIFE SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Before to extended on large surfaces, the new wheat varieties need to be examinate to finding their requirements regarding technological components, like planting density. In accord with this demand, during the agricultural year 2021-2022 were tested at Oradea, in northwest of Romania, our news registered varieties Dacic and Biharia, beside of other 23 Romanian or foreign varieties of wheat, at seven seeding rates:200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 and 800 seeds/m 2. Statistical processing of the yield and wheat features were dan by usual correlation (Pearson), Spearman rank correlations, the calculations of linear and quadratic equations of correlations between grain yield and seeding rate and calculation of linear, quadratic, exponential and logarithmic trend between the same characters, the trend of the most significant determination coefficient being utilised in graphical transpositions. Some genotypes (Voinic, Bogdana, Dacic, Cezara and Crisana) have their best ranks of yield at low densities while other (Gabrio, Consecvent, Anapurna and Abundent) at the greatest ones. Taking in consideration the average of ranks, the genotype Consecvent has the best average position, followed by Gabrio, Abundent, Bogdana and Voinic. These five genotypes have a good capability to adjust their yields components to vary densities of plants. At low densities (200, 300, 400 and 500 germinal seeds/m 2), the genotypes yield ranks are comparable but at high densities (more than six hundred seeds/m 2), the ranks are stronger effected by density. Every genotype has an optimum seed density, depending on its capacity to tolerate or no high density: Crisana-500 seed/m 2 , Biharia-600 seed/m 2 , Consecvent-600 to 700 seed/m 2 , Anapurna-800 seed/m 2 , etc. Some varieties, like Voinic, have a pour response to seeding rate, they yielded well even at small density, being able to compensate the reduced density by tillering capacity, number of grains/spikes, better test weight and bigger grain size.