Expanded Terminological List in Astronomy and Space Sciences from English to Romanian (original) (raw)
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Etymological studies have long tried to establish common IE designations for astronomical terminology by comparing Anatolian and non-Anatolian branches of Indo-European languages. This overview recapitulates and expands on the current state of research, detailing the cases in which correspondence between the two branches could not be found, and whether other linguistic roots can be suggested. The most archaic Indo-European terms designating celestial bodies are those whose roots can be reconstructed for both Anatolian and non-Anatolian Indo-European. Only **H2ster-"star" fulfills this condition. In the case of the non-Anatolian **seH2u̯ el-"sun" and **meH1ns-"moon", attempts have been made to identify etymological Anatolian counterparts, but the results of such efforts are not generally accepted. The word for "sun" may originate from the Nostratic protolanguage, while for "star" borrowing from Semitic is not excluded, and the designation for "moon" probably expresses the basic idea of "measure of time". Non-Anatolian languages feature several other terms which are attested in at least two branches. In some cases, they probably reflect independent formations: for example, **H2reu̯-i-"sun" (but "moon" in Old Irish), *lou̯ k(e)sno-/-(e)snā "moon" < "light", and *(s)ke/ond-"moon". The Balto-Slavic *ĝ (h) u̯ oi̯ sd (h) ā equally represents a local dialectism which may be derived from the compound *g u̯ h /ĝ u̯ h u̯ oi̯ d-"shining [spot]" and **d h eH1-"to put" or **steH2-"to stand". Also remarkable are the common semantic models that emerge in the designations of some constellations, namely the Pleiades = "basket or sieve", "numerous" or "seven stars", and Sirius = "(belonging to) three stars", which appear across Northern Eurasia, especially in the Fenno-Ugric languages.
1997
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WHEN ASTROPHYSICS MEETS LAY AND SPECIALIZED AUDIENCES: TITLES IN POPULAR AND SCIENTIFIC PAPERS
In this study we carry out a comparative analysis between titles of research papers published in the most authoritative specialized European and US-based astrophysics journals written in English and titles of articles on astrophysics published in Scientific American Magazine, the most prestigious English-written journal in the divulgation of science. We specifically address issues related to three linguistic variables: title length, title lexical density and title type. Our main results show that titles of research papers published in scientific journals are much longer than titles of articles published in Scientific American Magazine. Lexical density is also higher in scientific titles than in popular science ones. Scientific American Magazine titles are formulated in a clear and direct way, with no syntactic complexity. They consist primarily in simple and nominal constructions with a low presence of adjectives, compound groups and technical terminology. The predominance of nominal compounds over adjectival ones and the use of proper names, which mainly refer to well-known stars, planets, satellites and galaxies, imply that popular science titles usually deal with more global and well established concepts. The higher number of verbal titles and of definite articles in popular science titles when compared to scientific titles may also be interpreted as a greater desire to generalize the ideas presented. This study may be applied to languages other than English and would surely be of the utmost importance to determine the design of titles of scientific and popular science papers, not only in astrophysics but also in other fields.
THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY "RUDJER BOŠKOVIĆ", SOCIETATEA ASTRONOMICĂ "RUDJER BOŠKOVIĆ"
Sesiunea de Comunicări a Societății Române pentru Astronomie Culturală: 23-24 septembrie 2021, 2022
The oldest organization of amateur astronomers in Serbia is the Astronomical society "Rudjer Bošković", founded in 1934. The Society has founded a People's observatory in 1964, and a planetarium and journal for astronomy "Vasiona" (Universe) since 1953. In this study we present a short review of the history and development of the Society and an overview of its activities.