Test Tube Tooth: The Next Big Thing (original) (raw)
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Tooth Bioengineering and Regenerative Dentistry
Journal of Dental Research
Over the past 100 y, tremendous progress has been made in the fields of dental tissue engineering and regenerative dental medicine, collectively known as translational dentistry. Translational dentistry has benefited from the more mature field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM), established on the belief that biocompatible scaffolds, cells, and growth factors could be used to create functional, living replacement tissues and organs. TERM, created and pioneered by an interdisciplinary group of clinicians, biomedical engineers, and basic research scientists, works to create bioengineered replacement tissues that provide at least enough function for patients to survive until donor organs are available and, at best, fully functional replacement organs. Ultimately, the goal of both TERM and regenerative dentistry is to bring new and more effective therapies to the clinic to treat those in need. Very recently, the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Den...
Bioengineered Dental Tissues Grown in the Rat Jaw
Journal of Dental Research, 2008
Our long-term objective is to develop methods to form, in the jaw, bioengineered replacement teeth that exhibit physical properties and functions similar to those of natural teeth. Our results show that cultured rat tooth bud cells, seeded onto biodegradable scaffolds, implanted into the jaws of adult rat hosts and grown for 12 weeks, formed small, organized, bioengineered tooth crowns, containing dentin, enamel, pulp, and periodontal ligament tissues, similar to identical cell-seeded scaffolds implanted and grown in the omentum. Radiographic, histological, and immunohistochemical analyses showed that bioengineered teeth consisted of organized dentin, enamel, and pulp tissues. This study advances practical applications for dental tissue engineering by demonstrating that bioengineered tooth tissues can be regenerated at the site of previously lost teeth, and supports the use of tissue engineering strategies in humans, to regenerate previously lost and/or missing teeth. The results pr...
Tooth development: 2. Regenerating teeth in the laboratory
Dental update
Tooth loss can occur for a number of reasons and a variety of prosthetic tooth replacement solutions are available to the dental practitioner. This article discusses current approaches in the use of tissue engineering to replace teeth or repair dental tissues. These strategies will depend upon the manipulation of stem cells in the laboratory and, whilst much progress has recently been made, it is likely that successful human tooth regeneration is still some years ahead.
Bioengineered Teeth from Tooth Bud Cells
Dental Clinics of North America, 2006
Prospects for bioengineered dental tissue repair and regeneration therapies The ability to obtain and manipulate postnatal tissues easily from individuals to generate biologic replacement tooth materials, such as dentin, enamel, and periodontal ligament, or, even better, replace teeth of predetermined size and shape entirely, is extremely valuable. Dental tissues exhibit little to no regenerative capabilities [1]. Small amounts of reparative dentin can be induced to form in response to subtle tooth injury [2-4], and cementum also exhibits limited regenerative capabilities [5]. In contrast, enamel exhibits no regenerative capacity, because progenitor dental epithelial cells that form enamel lose this ability well before tooth eruption [6]. Because individual teeth generally do not last the lifetime of individuals without requiring at least some repairdcavity filling, root canal, crown, or, at worst, extractiondthe need for replacement teeth and dental tissue repair therapies is significant. As the close association between oral health, systemic health, and nutrition becomes more apparent [7], the necessity of proper oral health for long-term quality of life becomes more appreciated [8,9]. Exacerbating the nonregenerative nature of natural tooth tissues, a range of circumstances threatens the health and longevity of teeth on a regular
Tooth Organ Bioengineering: Cell Sources and Innovative Approaches
Dentistry Journal, 2016
Various treatment approaches for restoring missing teeth are being utilized nowadays by using artificial dental crowns/bridges or the use of dental implants. All aforementioned restorative modalities are considered to be the conventional way of treating such cases. Although these artificial therapies are commonly used for tooth loss rehabilitation, they are still less conservative, show less biocompatibility and fail to restore the natural biological and physiological function. Adding to that, they are considered to be costly due to the risk of failure and they also require regular maintenance. Regenerative dentistry is currently considered a novel therapeutic concept with high potential for a complete recovery of the natural function and esthetics of teeth. Biological-cell based dental therapies would involve replacement of teeth by using stem cells that will ultimately grow a bioengineered tooth, thereby restoring both the biological and physiological functions of the natural tooth, and are considered to be the ultimate goal in regenerative dentistry. In this review, various stem cell-based therapeutic approaches for tooth organ bioengineering will be discussed.
The ultimate goals of tooth regeneration: Where do we stand?
Oral Science International, 2019
The concept of tooth regeneration has fascinated many researchers recently. Several studies have been conducted in an attempt to regenerate either parts of tooth or a whole tooth. Although teeth and its constituent parts have very limited or no capacities of regeneration, several ex vivo and animal studies have exploited the use of stem cells to regenerate parts of a tooth or a whole tooth. This review is an attempt to better understand various aspects of biological regeneration of tooth structures. It gives a conceptual exploration of what we can expect from regeneration of a part of a tooth or a whole tooth and the various factors involved in achieving the ultimate goals of regeneration in which a fully restored and functional tooth is regenerated with the help of regenerative medicine using human stem cells.
Scientific Reports, 2017
Whole-organ regeneration has great potential for the replacement of dysfunctional organs through the reconstruction of a fully functional bioengineered organ using three-dimensional cell manipulation in vitro. Recently, many basic studies of whole-tooth replacement using three-dimensional cell manipulation have been conducted in a mouse model. Further evidence of the practical application to human medicine is required to demonstrate tooth restoration by reconstructing bioengineered tooth germ using a postnatal large-animal model. Herein, we demonstrate functional tooth restoration through the autologous transplantation of bioengineered tooth germ in a postnatal canine model. The bioengineered tooth, which was reconstructed using permanent tooth germ cells, erupted into the jawbone after autologous transplantation and achieved physiological function equivalent to that of a natural tooth. This study represents a substantial advancement in whole-organ replacement therapy through the transplantation of bioengineered organ germ as a practical model for future clinical regenerative medicine. Oral functions, including mastication, swallowing and pronunciation, are indispensable for adequate general health, social activity and quality of life 1. These functions are carried out by the teeth, masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joint under the control of the central nervous system 2,3. The tooth is an ectodermal organ whose development is regulated by reciprocal epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, and the tooth comprises both distinctive hard tissue (e.g., enamel, dentin and cementum) and soft connective tissues (e.g., pulp and periodontal ligaments, including peripheral nerve fibres and blood vessels) 4-6. The physiological functions of teeth, such as masticatory potential, response to mechanical stress and perceptive potential for noxious stimuli, are efficiently carried out by the characteristic three-dimensional multicellular structure that establishes functional harmonization with the maxillofacial region 2,3. Tooth loss due to dental caries, periodontal disease and traumatic injury causes fundamental oral and general health problems related to oral function and associated general health issues.
Stem cell-based dental tissue engineering
TheScientificWorldJournal, 2010
The development of biological and biomaterial sciences profiled tissue engineering as a new and powerful tool for biological replacement of organs. The combination of stem cells and suitable scaffolds is widely used in experiments today, in order to achieve partial or whole organ regeneration. This review focuses on the use of tissue engineering strategies in tooth regeneration, using stem cells and stem cells/scaffold constructs. Although whole tooth regeneration is still not possible, there are promising results. However, to achieve this goal, it is important to understand and further explore the mechanisms underlying tooth development. Only then will we be able to mimic the natural processes with the use of stem cells and tissue engineering techniques.