The Phylogenetic Analysis of Cimex hemipterus (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) Isolated from Different Regions of Iran Using Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I Gene (original) (raw)
Related papers
2019
The tropical bed bugs, Cimex hemipterus (Fabricus) wingless insects, is recognized scientifically as a significant public health problem. The association of bed bug populations between isolates in terms of geographical location with in-depth and significant understanding is important for developing effective control strategies. The study was conducted to understand the genetic reproduction pattern of the C. hemipterus population in terms of allelic variation, genetic diversity, population structure and phylogeography among tropical bed bug populations in Peninsular Malaysia. The phylogenetic study was carried out by using mitochondria cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) on twenty-two tropical bug populations with three pooled bed bugs respectively. The analysis of COI gene data produced a phylogenetic tree with a major monophyletic clade consisting of two groups of Ch01 and Ch02. The Ch02 group was consist of Bandar Hilir populations, in contrast to other populations that make up a s...
Bed bugs, Cimex hemipterus and Cimex lectularius, are common blood-sucking ectoparasites of human and currently found in many countries around the world. In Thailand, both species have been found mostly in hotels in tourist attraction areas and the insecticide resistance of these insects was also documented. To date, identification of these two bed bug species is based on morphological taxonomy, a technique which requires expertise and in some instance is difficult especially for immature bed bugs or incomplete bed bug samples. In this study, we analyzed the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene of bed bugs, C. hemipterus and C. lectularius collected from various regions of Thailand. PCR-RFLP and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the COI gene could significantly differentiate between the two bed bug species. Moreover, the phylogenetic tree could separate clusters of insecticide resistant from insecticide susceptible C. lectularius strains. However, sequence analysis of C. ...
The first record of the tropical bed bug, Cimex hemipterus (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) from Iran
2019
Bed bugs are regarded as one of the most important pests in human societies. Cimex hemipterus (Fabricius) is a parasite of humans and bats across tropical areas of the world. In the present study, the nymph and adult specimens were collected from residential buildings in central and western parts of Iran. Samples were identified using a diagnostic key at the species level and confirmed by molecular studies. Phylogenetic analysis using COI gene was also carried out. This study is the first report to have confirmed the presence of C. hemipterus in Iran.
Insects
The tropical bed bug, Cimex hemipterus (F.), has now emerged as an important public health pest in the tropics. Despite its alarming infestation rate, the information on its population genetics remains scarce. Here, we described the infestation structure and population dynamics of C. hemipterus in the tropics, especially Malaysia and Singapore, based on eight novel microsatellites and two mtDNA markers, including cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) and 16S rRNA genes. Across populations, microsatellite data revealed high genetic diversity with significant genetic differentiation and restricted gene flow. Analysis within populations revealed evidence of a recent bottleneck. Nonetheless, elevated genetic diversity in nearly all populations suggests that the propagule in C. hemipterus populations were much diverse, distantly related (mean r = 0.373), and not significantly inbred (mean FIS = 0.24) than that observed in Cimex lectularius from previous studies. We observed seven mtDNA haplotypes...
Bed Bugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) Population Diversity and First Record of Cimex hemipterus in Paris
Insects
Cimex lectularius and C. hemipterus are blood-sucking insects with a long history of presence in human communities. We investigated the molecular diversity of the bed bug population of Paris and its suburb cities using cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) sequencing. A total of 1211 specimens belonging to different life stages were collected from 62 infested human dwellings in Paris (13 out of 20 arrondissements) and the surrounding cities (18 cities). Morphological determination and COI sequencing of 132 specimens demonstrated C. lectularius as the predominant species and, surprisingly, the presence of C. hemipterus in four infested areas of Paris and its suburb cities. Neighbor-joining tree and network analyses depicted the presence of two C. lectularius populations. Most samples from Paris and its suburb cities clustered in a major clade. The second population encompasses specimens from Paris (arrondissements 11 and 19) and its suburb cities (e.g., Bobigny, Pantin, and Montreuil) that clus...
Journal of Medical Entomology, 2008
Understanding genetic variation among populations of medically signiÞcant pest insects is important in studying insecticide resistance and insect dispersal. The bed bug, Cimex lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), is widespread hematophagus insect pest around the world, including North America, and it has recently been identiÞed as an emerging resurgent pest. To date, no studies have been conducted on genetic variation of this species. For this study, 136 adult bed bugs representing 22 sampled populations from nine U.S. states, Canada, and Australia were subjected to genetic analysis using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify and sequence a region of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) 16S rRNA gene and a portion of the nuclear rRNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1 region. For the 397-bp 16S marker, a 12 nucleotide sites in total were polymorphic, and 19 unique haplotypes were observed. Heterozygosity was observed within many of the sampled populations for the mtDNA marker. This suggests that bed bug populations did not undergo a genetic bottleneck as one would expect from insecticide control during the 1940s and 1950s, but instead, that populations may have been maintained on other hosts such as birds and bats. In contrast to the high amount of heterozygosity observed with the mitochondrial DNA marker, no genetic variation in the 589-bp nuclear rRNA marker was observed. This suggests increased gene ßow of previously isolated bed bug populations in the United States, and given the absence of barriers to gene ßow, the spread of insecticide resistance may be rapid.
2008
Understanding genetic variation among populations of medically signiÞcant pest insects is important in studying insecticide resistance and insect dispersal. The bed bug, Cimex lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), is widespread hematophagus insect pest around the world, including North America, and it has recently been identiÞed as an emerging resurgent pest. To date, no studies have been conducted on genetic variation of this species. For this study, 136 adult bed bugs representing 22 sampled populations from nine U.S. states, Canada, and Australia were subjected to genetic analysis using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify and sequence a region of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) 16S rRNA gene and a portion of the nuclear rRNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1 region. For the 397-bp 16S marker, a 12 nucleotide sites in total were polymorphic, and 19 unique haplotypes were observed. Heterozygosity was observed within many of the sampled populations for the mtDNA marker. This suggests that bed bug populations did not undergo a genetic bottleneck as one would expect from insecticide control during the 1940s and 1950s, but instead, that populations may have been maintained on other hosts such as birds and bats. In contrast to the high amount of heterozygosity observed with the mitochondrial DNA marker, no genetic variation in the 589-bp nuclear rRNA marker was observed. This suggests increased gene ßow of previously isolated bed bug populations in the United States, and given the absence of barriers to gene ßow, the spread of insecticide resistance may be rapid.
Multiplex polymerase chain reaction diagnostics of bed bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)
2011
Cimex lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) is a widespread blood feeding pest of humans around the world, including North America, and has recently undergone a resurgence. A molecular diagnostic technique applying multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed to distinguish bed bug eggs, leg fragments, and degraded samples from other arthropods that frequently occur in human dwellings. A 410 Ð 428-bp region of the mitochondrial DNA 16S rRNA gene was used. To design C. lectularius-speciÞc PCR primers, DNA sequences of various bed bug samples from the United States, Canada, and Australia, along with sequences of other Cimicidae and arthropods that often occur in dwellings, were considered. Based on DNA sequence variation, one reverse PCR primer speciÞc for C. lectularius was identiÞed. Multiplex PCR using three primers will yield a 417-and 140-bp amplicon for C. lectularius and a single 410 Ð 428-bp amplicon for other taxa. This assay was successful in identifying C. lectularius eggs, leg fragments, and degraded samples. This technique should provide a reliable, quick, and economical technique for identifying C. lectularius, when morphological iden-tiÞcation is not possible.
Bed Bugs (Hemiptera, Cimicidae): Overview of Classification, Evolution and Dispersion
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020
The bed bugs (Cimex lectularius and C. hemipterus) have undergone a significant resurgence worldwide since the 1990s. A compilation of findings from a database, including 2650 scientific publications from seven major medical databases, allowed us to document main evolutionary events, from fossil evidence, dating from 11,000 years ago, until the present that has led to the current worldwide expansion of Cimicid species. We present the hypotheses on the possible dispersion pathways of bed bugs in light of the major historical and evolutionary events. A detailed classification of the Cimicidae family and finally, an illustrative map displaying the current distribution of known Cimex species in each geographical ecozone of Asia, Europe, Africa, the Americas, and Australia are presented.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology, 2021
In the present study, sequences of COI gene of insects belong to five orders collected from seven cities in the Kurdistan province of Iran with other locations in the word was studied. Genomic DNA was extracted using the CTAB method, Cytochrome Oxidase I gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primer pair and then the sequences were analyzed. The results of the dendrogram show that a specimen of Periplaneta americana from Barcelona, Spain was in the same clade as a specimen from Nanjing, China, but Shelfordella latralis=Blatta lateralis has made a clad with PE-B Periplaneta americana specimen collected in Kurdistan, with more distance from two former specimens of Periplaneta americana from Spain and China. Also, Periplaneta, two genera Shelfordella and Blatta have composed the same clade. Two specimens of sunn pest Eurygaster integriceps, Heteroptera, Scutelleridae which made a common clade together and made another neighbor clade with Hypseloecus sp. Although, Heteroptera belonged to the Miridae family. Chrysopa pallens, Chrysopidae, Neuroptera, Acanthaclisis occitanica, Myrmeleontidae and Neuroptera both collected in Kurdistan have many genetic similarities in common and have made a clade near to clade of sunn pest but more distant from clades made by Periplaneta americana of different regions of the world. Two samples of Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella, that collected from Kurdistan province of Iran have made a common clade with each other, and they formed a neighbor clade with a specimen of Ephestia kuehniella, from Luebeck, Germany.