Herpesviral infections in nephrology (original) (raw)
Introduction. Herpetic viruses are a group of opportunistic DNA-containing viral agents that have the propery of pantropism, that is, the ability to infect all organs and systems of the human body. The urinary system is no exception, therefore nephrologists should pay due attention to the problem of herpesvirus-associated lesions of the kidneys and other urinary organs. This publication is a scientific review of the results of clinical studies and reports of clinical cases of herpesvirus infections in nephrological patients, published in recent years in peer-reviewed scientific periodicals cited in the authoritative scientometric electronic databases PubMed and Embase. Goal. The article is intended to form a modern comprehensive understanding of the problem of herpesvirus infections in patients with kidney disease among nephrologists. Materials and methods. Bibliographic – a theoretical analysis is carried out and a generalization of literature data Is carried out, the actual content is analyzed. The study used a questionnaire-survey method, as well as description, analysis, abstracting. Results and discussion. The article discusses data on direct herpesvirus kidney lesions of the type of interstitial nephritis and glomerulonephritis. The need for differential diagnosis with similar kidney lesions of an autoimmune nature in such cases is emphasized. It also provides data on indirect renal lesions provoked by reactivated herpesviruses, including autoimmune, allergic and immuneinflammatory reactions, tropic to the renal parenchyma, induction of tumor growth syndrome and the development of lymphoproliferative syndromes, as well as herpesvirus toxicity. Information on herpesvirus infections in allogeneic kidney recipients is presented separately. The issues of nephrotoxicity during the use of specific antiherpetic chemotherapy drugs in patients with chronic renal failure are discussed. Conclusions. Herpesvirus agents are active players in the etiology and pathogenesis of many kidney diseases in humans. Their reactivation from a latent or persistent state usually occurs under conditions of immunosuppression; therefore, immunocompromised patients with nephrological problems are at risk of developing complications caused by herpes viruses. Key words: herpes simplex viruses,
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