A cross-sectional study confirms temporary post-COVID-19 vaccine menstrual irregularity and the associated physiological changes among vaccinated women in Jordan (original) (raw)
Related papers
Open Medicine, 2023
Some changes appeared in women's menstrual cycle after receiving the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine, but the information about the pattern and characteristics of these symptoms was unclear. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of menstruation change and evaluate the association between COVID-19 vaccination and the occurrence of such disturbance. An online web-based survey was conducted during March-April 2022 that targeted 729 COVID-19 vaccinated women aged between 18 and 45 years in the Jazan region of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The tool collected demographic information, psychological data, and COVID-19 post-vaccination side effects. The overall prevalence of menstrual change among the women was 60.9% (95% CI 57.3-64.4). 66.3% and 64.1% of women, respectively, in the age group of 25-34 and 35-45 years were more affected. Most of the detected abnormalities were related to delayed menstruation and changes in pain intensity. Menstrual disturbances that occur after immunization are transient and have no long-term implications. Menstrual disorders are prevalent before vaccination, but there is a considerable increase following vaccination. Because there is no apparent cause for these post-vaccine disturbances, and their effects are difficult to anticipate, it is preferable to warn those concerned and encourage them to learn more about the biological changes causing these problems.
PLOS global public health, 2024
The COVID-19 vaccination has been reported to have various post-vaccination effects, including potential changes in the menstrual cycle among menstruators of reproductive age. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between COVID-19 vaccination and menstrual changes among menstruators within Iraqi society and contribute to the knowledge about COVID-19 vaccine-related menstrual changes. The cross-sectional study involved a sample of 400 menstruators residing in Erbil City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. The study specifically focused on individuals who were both infected and uninfected by COVID-19 and had received the COVID-19 vaccine. Individuals with hormonal diseases or those who had undergone hormonal therapy were excluded from the study. To ensure representation from different areas of Erbil City, the study was conducted in four primary healthcare centers selected based on geographic direction: South, East, North, and West sides. The author utilized a structured questionnaire to assess and compare changes in the menstrual cycle before and after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. The study found that a significant proportion (71.8%) of the participants experienced menstrual changes after receiving the COVID-19 vaccination, particularly after receiving both doses. These changes included alterations in the characteristics and symptoms of the menstrual cycle compared to before vaccination. The findings suggest that the COVID-19 vaccination can potentially affect the menstrual cycle in women of reproductive age. In conclusion, by revealing distinct changes in cycle characteristics and symptomatology, the study findings contribute to an expanding body of evidence supporting the connection between vaccination and menstrual alterations. Future studies with larger sample sizes and diverse populations are warranted to validate and expand upon the results of this study.
Menstrual Cycle Disturbances after COVID-19 Vaccination: A Cross-Sectional Study
Int J Fertil Steril, Vol 18, No 3, July-September , 2024
Background: Following COVID-19 vaccination, some women suffered from menstrual cycle disturbances. This study aimed to investigate menstrual cycle disturbances after COVID-19 vaccination in women of reproductive age. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 407 vaccinated women in the vaccination center of Imam Hossein Hospital (Tehran, Iran) between October 2021 and October 2022. They were interviewed based on a research-made checklist which consisted of two areas of questions about the baseline characteristics of participants and menstrual cycle characteristics to explore menstrual characteristics following COVID-19 vaccination. Results: The prevalence of menstrual disturbances was higher after the third dose (38.3%) compared with the second (27.9%) and first (17.7%) doses (P<0.001). After the first dose, a history of polycystic ovarian syndrome [PCOS, odds ratio (OR)=7.35, 95% confidential interval (CI)= (3.64-14.82), P<0.001] and menstrual disturbances with unknown etiology [OR=15.23, 95% CI=(6.30-36.80), P<0.001] could predict menstrual disturbances. After the second dose, a history of menstrual disturbances with unknown etiology [OR=3.83, 95% CI=(1.47-9.94), P=0.006] and menstrual disturbances after the first dose [OR=201.96, 95% CI= (40.99-994.90), P<0.001] were predictors of menstrual disturbances. After the third dose, a history of menstrual disturbances with unknown etiology [OR=3.09, 95% CI= (1.00-9.52), P=0.048], menstrual disturbances after the first [OR=9.82, 95% CI=(1.38-69.69), P=0.022] and second [OR=7.83, 95% CI=(1.46-41.92), P=0.016] doses could predict menstrual disturbances. Conclusion: We detected that many women experienced various menstrual disturbances after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). Furthermore, a history of menstrual abnormalities (before COVID-19 vaccination and following the previous doses of these vaccines) was associated with developing menstrual disturbances.
Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination on Menstrual Cycle: A Cross-Sectional Study From Karachi, Pakistan
Cureus
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease triggered a worldwide health catastrophe. To deal with this deadly situation multiple vaccines were developed and a mass immunization program started globally. However, vaccine hesitancy was seen, especially among women of reproductive age, having concerns that the vaccine might affect their menstrual cycle. This study investigated the link between COVID-19 vaccination and menstrual abnormalities. It is essential for us to understand the effects of vaccines on menstruation as menstrual distress can have effects on everyday life, and mental and reproductive health. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed using self-administered online forms to collect data from all over Karachi. The sample included 384 females aged 18 years and above. The data were collected from November 2021 to February 2022. Results Majority of the participants were aged 21 years and had a normal body mass index (BMI). Most were moderately stressed (n=245) with 146 reporting menstrual changes post-vaccination. The difference between the post-vaccine menstruation affected (n=146) and the unaffected cohort (n=238) was significant. Other factors which likely contributed to the post-vaccine menstrual changes included Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) score, strenuous physical activity, and the pre-vaccine menstrual flow. Conclusions Among the women vaccinated for COVID-19, strenuous physical activity and high perceived stress levels affected the menstrual cycle. There is no denying that existing data are inadequate, which is one of the grounds for vaccination apprehension, particularly among menstruating women. To minimize this hesitation, the spread of disinformation about the vaccine's influence on the menstrual cycle must be avoided. In future research and clinical trials, menstruation-related side effects should also be investigated when developing vaccines.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Background: Pfizer vaccine has been approved for use in Saudi Arabia. Although the vaccine efficacy has been frequently addressed, little knowledge is available regarding the real-world post-vaccination menstrual disturbances. Objective: The aim was to evaluate the possible association between Pfizer vaccine and the post-vaccination menstrual irregularities among Saudi citizen and resident women. Subjects and methods: A self-administered validated questionnaire was used to obtain the data. It was distributed all over Riyadh City, KSA through social media and 731 females responded to the survey. Results: Overall, 50.9% of the participants reported a menstrual change after vaccination, in particular, those who received the 2 doses. There was a significant and positive correlation between the number of doses and the experience of menstrual changes being associated with the 2 dosed women. In details, 60.5% mentioned a menstrual delay, 30.4% reported early onset, and 9.1% mentioned a menstrual change other than in the date. 43.3% reported a decrease in the amount of menstrual flow, 34.9 % mentioned an increase. 62.4% declared an increase in the severity of pain while 11% reported a decrease. Interestingly, only 60.8% of the respondents mentioned the persistence of the menstrual changes each following cycle. However, the changes were positively correlated with the age and negatively associated with the marital status being less in married. Conclusion: It was concluded that the post-vaccination menstrual changes might be related to the age, marital status, and those receiving 2 doses and these changes could be related to the immune response frequently associated with vaccines.
Post Covid Vaccination Menstrual Abnormalities: A Cross-Sectional Study of Saudi Women
Annals of Clinical and Medical case Reports, 2024
A cross-sectional study in March 2022 involved Saudi Arabian menstruating women aged from 15 years to above 40 years. The information was gathered through a self-reported questionnaire consisting of “15” questions under three main categories such as (a) demographics, (b) the number and types of vaccine doses, and (c) post-vaccination changes in the menstrual cycle. Out of the total 439 participants who received various COVID-19 vaccines, 255(58.8%) stated post-vaccination changes in their menstrual cycle, particularly after the first and second doses. Post-vaccination menstrual changes were higher in women who received the Pfizer vaccine. The results depict that COVID-19 vaccination can affect the menstrual cycle, and the changes could be associated with the type of vaccines and the number of received doses
Examining the effect of COVID-19 vaccines on the menstrual cycle A study from Turkey
Medicine, 2023
Concerns about a possible relationship between vaccination against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and menstrual disorders have been raised in the media. In addition, different studies have shown that the COVID-19 vaccine may be associated with menstrual changes. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of COVID-19 vaccines on the menstrual cycle in women. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted between August 16 and September 17, 2021. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire via an online form sent to the participants through social media. Data of 586 women were included in this study. A total of 82.4% (n = 483) of the participants were aged between 31 and 50 years. The BioNTech vaccine (2 doses) was administered to 75.8% (n = 444), Sinovac (3 doses) to 9.0% (n = 53) of the participants. 53.1% (n = 311) of the women experienced changes in their menstrual cycles. The most common menstrual changes after vaccination were delayed menstruation (n = 176; 30.0%) and prolonged menstrual duration (n = 132; 22.5%). Menstrual delay, prolonged menstrual duration, heavy bleeding, and early menstruation were more common in women than prior to receiving the vaccine (P < .05). More than half of the women experienced menstrual cycle changes after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. Women experienced significantly higher rates of menstruation delay, prolonged menstrual duration, heavy bleeding, and early bleeding compared to before vaccination.
Background The COVID-19 disease triggered a worldwide health catastrophe. To deal with this deadly situation multiple vaccines were developed and a mass immunization program started globally. However, vaccine hesitancy was seen especially among women of reproductive age, having concerns that the vaccine might affect their menstrual cycle. This study investigated the link between COVID vaccination and menstrual abnormalities. It is essential for us to understand the effects of vaccines on menstruation as menstrual distress can have effects on everyday life, and mental and reproductive health. MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed using self-administered online forms to collect data from all over Karachi. The sample included 384 females aged 18 years and above. The data was collected from November 2021 to February 2022. ResultsMajority of the participants were aged 21 and had a normal BMI. Most were moderately stressed (n = 245) with 146 reporting menstrual changes post-vaccina...
COVID-19 vaccination and menstrual disturbances: A prospective study from Pakistan
Pakistan journal of medical sciences, 2024
Objective: To evaluate whether or not immunization against COVID-19 is associated with changes in the duration and frequency of the menstrual cycle. Methods: This prospective analysis included the menstrual cycle data of 154 females after COVID-19 vaccination from August 2021 to March 2022. This study included Pakistani females aged 18 to 45 years and who had taken at-least one dose of COVID-19 vaccination. After two months of COVID vaccine the participants were interviewed again about the timing and duration of their menstrual cycle. The increase in menstrual length for >eight days was labelled as increased menstrual cycle duration. Results: Mean age of participants was 33.53±8.52 years. Among 154, 113 (73.4%) were married. Among 154 females, menstrual abnormality was reported by 59 (38.3%) females, increase in cycle duration was reported by 25 (16.2%) patients and decrease by 22 (14.3%), increase in number of bleeding days by 20 (13%) females and decrease by 15 (9.7%), increase in pain intensity was reported by 19 (12.3%) females and decrease by 17 (11.0%), increased intensity of blood flow was reported by 20 (13.0%) patients and decreased intensity by 19 (12.3%) females. Conclusion: COVID-19 vaccination is not associated with menstrual abnormalities in a significant number of females.