How complete is the reporting of somatic sensory training interventions in individuals following a stroke? Protocol for a systematic review (original) (raw)
Related papers
Evidence for the retraining of sensation after stroke: a systematic review
Clinical Rehabilitation, 2009
Objective: Retraining of sensory function following stroke is frequently overlooked in rehabilitation protocols despite more than 60% of patients presenting with sensory deficits. Methods to train sensory function include both passive and active training protocols. Here we examined the volume and quality of the evidence available for both passive and active sensory training following stroke. In addition, we aimed to quantify the effect of sensory training on impairment and function. Data sources: Databases searched included MEDLINE, AMED, CINAHL, Academic search elite, Scopus and the Cochrane library. Unpublished articles were identified using a search engine. Review methods: Studies utilizing passive or active sensory training paradigms post stroke were identified. Methodological quality was examined using the National Health and Medical Research Council hierarchy of evidence and the McMaster University critical appraisal tool. Results: Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria; 8 examined passive and 6 active sensory training. Methodological quality scores ranged from 11 to 18.5 (maximum 20). Meta-analysis was performed using three studies examining hand function, demonstrating a moderate effect in favour of passive sensory training. Other studies were unable to be pooled due to heterogeneity of measures or insufficient data. Conclusion: Meta-analyses and single studies offer some support for the effectiveness of passive sensory training in relation to sensory impairment and motor function. However, empirical evidence for active sensory training is limited. Further high-quality studies with greater statistical power and meaningful clinical measures are required in order to accurately determine the effectiveness of sensory retraining following stroke.
Journal of Hand Therapy, 2020
Study Design: This is a single-blinded clinical trial study. Clinical Trial Number registry: IRCT201610223551N4. Introduction: Stroke is the second cause of death around the world. Motor and sensory problems are common complications of the stroke. These defects in the upper limb cause reduced use of the affected limb and consequently a decrease in the quality of life. Purpose of the Study: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of exteroceptive and proprioceptive stimulations on motor function, spasticity of the upper limb, and activities of daily living in people who have had stroke. Methods: Sixty people with chronic stroke selected by convenience sampling. Before the intervention, Modified Ashworth Scale, Fugl-Meyer assessment of Motor Recovery after Stroke, and Barthel Index were measured and then the intervention phase was started. Exteroceptive and proprioceptive sensory stimulations were performed for 6 weeks. Independent t-test was used to compare groups. Results: The intervention group made improvement in motor function (P ¼ .0001, Cohen's d ¼ 2.14), activities of daily living of upper limb (P ¼ .0001, Cohen's d ¼ 1.32), and spasticity (P ¼ .002, Cohen's d ¼ À0.94). Discussion: Motor function and activities of daily living and spasticity of the upper limb can be improved through exteroceptive and proprioceptive stimulations. In this study, this type of intervention had the most impact on motor function compared with the rest. Conclusion: Exteroceptive and proprioceptive stimulations in upper limb can be used in chronic phase of stroke. Improvement in motor function and activities of daily living and reducing spasticity are the results of these stimulations.
Neuropsychology Review, 2015
The aim of this systematic review was to integrate and assess evidence for the effectiveness of multisensory stimulation (i.e., stimulating at least two of the following sensory systems: visual, auditory, and somatosensory) as a possible rehabilitation method after stroke. Evidence was considered with a focus on low-level, perceptual (visual, auditory and somatosensory deficits), as well as higher-level, cognitive, sensory deficits. We referred to the electronic databases Scopus and PubMed to search for articles that were published before May 2015. Studies were included which evaluated the effects of multisensory stimulation on patients with low-or higher-level sensory deficits caused by stroke. Twenty-one studies were included in this review and the quality of these studies was assessed (based on eight elements: randomization, inclusion of control patient group, blinding of participants,
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2003
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of a rehabilitative training program for deficits in somatic sensation and motor control of the hand in patients with pure sensory stroke. Design: Multiple baseline and before-after follow-up trial with behavioral analysis of single cases. Setting: Rehabilitation unit of a university hospital in Italy. Participants: Four patients were studied: 2 had a unilateral lesion confined to the parietal lobe (patients 1, 2), and 2 had a unilateral lesion of the thalamus (patients 3, 4) that also lapped the posterior limb of the internal capsule. All 4 patients had chronic deficits in somatic sensation and motor control of the contralesional hand. Intervention: Behavioral training consisting of exercises aimed at improving somatic sensation and motor control of the affected, contralesional hand. Thirty treatment sessions, each lasting 50 minutes, were performed. Main Outcome Measures: Somatic deficit was evaluated with 5 tests, and motor control deficit was assessed with 4 tests. One functional test estimated the influence of somatic deficit on daily activities. A visual analog scale (VAS) was also submitted to the patients' relatives to evaluate the amount of use of the affected arm in daily life activities. A baseline was obtained by recording each measure, except for the VAS, 4 times at the first evaluation session. Evaluation sessions were conducted before, after, and 6 months after the end of the experimental treatment. Results: All patients showed a stable baseline in at least 8 of the outcome measures. Patients 1 and 2 significantly improved in 9 and 7 outcome measures, respectively. Patients 3 and 4 improved in 4 and 7 outcome measures, respectively. With the exception of case 3, all patients considerably increased their use of the affected arm during daily life. The improvement was generally stable over a 6-month period, suggesting that the treatment had a long-term effect. Conclusions: Results suggest the possible effectiveness of our training program for treating somatic and motor control deficits of the hand in patients with cortical or subcortical pure sensory stroke.
Neurorehabilitation and neural repair, 2018
Enhancement of sensory input in the form of repetitive peripheral sensory stimulation (RPSS) can enhance excitability of the motor cortex and upper limb performance. To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of effects of RPSS compared with control stimulation on improvement of motor outcomes in the upper limb of subjects with stroke. We searched studies published between 1948 and December 2017 and selected 5 studies that provided individual data and applied a specific paradigm of stimulation (trains of 1-ms pulses at 10 Hz, delivered at 1 Hz). Continuous data were analyzed with means and standard deviations of differences in performance before and after active or control interventions. Adverse events were also assessed. There was a statistically significant beneficial effect of RPSS on motor performance (standard mean difference between active and control RPSS, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.09-1.24; I = 65%). Only 1 study included subjects in the subacute phase after stroke. Subgroup anal...
https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR\_Vol.10\_Issue.7\_July2020/IJHSR\_Abstract.026.html, 2020
Introduction: Rehabilitation measures help to restore lost activities, improve quality of life and decrease the long term economic cost of stroke. Realistic goal setting, interdisciplinary team approach and the active participation of both patient and family members are important for the success of stroke rehabilitation. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the effects of intense sensory motor stimulation, given in the form of electrical stimulation, massage and re-education exercise programme, in augmenting recovery in stroke patients. Methods: A prospective single group pre and post test study design was conducted with a total of 29 hemiparetic patients who provided informed consent. All the participants received the therapeutic measures of electrical stimulation, massage and re-education exercises including gait training and ADL retraining until discharge. The Neurological and Functional recovery were measured using Scandinavian Stroke Scale score (SSS) and Functional Independence Measure score (FIM) respectively. Results: An Analysis of variance 'F' Value of 37.31 and 43.94 which are significant at 0.01 level shows that there is a significant difference between scores at admission, discharge and follow up in SSS and FIM scores respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficient 'r' value of 0.62, 0.81 and 0.97 at three time periods suggests that a moderate to strong negative correlation exists between SSS and FIM scores which are significant at 0.01 levels. Conclusion: A significant level of neurological and functional recovery was obtained in the study group during the time of discharge and in the follow up period indicative of effectiveness of intense sensory motor stimulation in augmenting motor recovery in stroke patients.
Trials, 2021
Background Sensorimotor impairments of upper limb (UL) are common after stroke, leading to difficulty to use the UL in daily life. Even though many have sensory impairments in the UL, specific sensory training is often lacking in stroke rehabilitation. Thus, the aim of this paper is to provide a detailed description of the novel intervention “SENSory re-learning of the UPPer limb after stroke (SENSUPP)” that we have developed to improve functioning in the UL in persons with mild to moderate impairments after stroke. Methods The SENSUPP protocol was designed using information from literature reviews, clinical experience and through consultation of experts in the field. The protocol integrates learning principles based on current neurobiological knowledge and includes repetitive intensive practice, difficulty graded exercises, attentive exploration of a stimulus with focus on the sensory component, and task-specific training in meaningful activities that includes feedback. For reporti...
Trials, 2019
Background: Reduction in sensorimotor function of the upper limb is a common and persistent impairment after stroke, and less than half of stroke survivors recover even basic function of the upper limb after a year. Previous work in stroke has shown that repetitive sensory stimulation (RSS) of the upper limb may benefit motor function. As yet, there have been no investigations of RSS in the early-acute period despite this being the time window during which the neuroplastic processes underpinning sensorimotor recovery are likely to occur. Methods: A single-blinded, stratified, randomised controlled feasibility study was undertaken at two NHS acute trusts to determine the recruitment rate, intervention adherence, and safety and acceptability of an RSS intervention in the early period after stroke. Participants were recruited within 2 weeks of index stroke. Stratified on arm function, they were randomised to receive either 45 min of daily RSS and usual care or usual care alone (UC) for 2 weeks. Changes from baseline on the primary outcome of the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) to measurements taken by a blinded assessor were examined after completion of the intervention (2 weeks) and at 3 months from randomisation. Results: Forty patients were recruited and randomised (RSS n = 23; UC n = 17) with a recruitment rate of 9.5% (40/417) of patients admitted with a stroke of which 52 (12.5%) were potentially eligible, with 10 declining to participate for various reasons. Participants found the RSS intervention acceptable and adherence was good. The intervention was safe and there were no serious adverse events. Conclusions: This study indicates that recruitment to a trial of RSS in the acute period after stroke is feasible. The intervention was well tolerated and appeared to provide additional benefit to usual care. In addition to a definitive trial of efficacy, further work is warranted to examine the effects of varying doses of RSS upon arm function and the mechanism by which RSS induces sensorimotor recovery in the acute period after stroke.
Frontiers in Neurology, 2022
Background Repetitive peripheral nerve sensory stimulation (RPSS) is a potential add-on intervention to motor training for rehabilitation of upper limb paresis after stroke. Benefits of RPSS were reported in subjects in the chronic phase after stroke, but there is limited information about the effects of this intervention within the 1st weeks or months. The primary goal of this study is to compare, in a head-to-head proof-of-principle study, the impact of a single session of suprasensory vs. subsensory RPSS on the upper limb motor performance and learning in subjects at different phases after stroke subacute and chronic phases and mild upper limb motor impairments after stroke. In addition, we examine the effects of RPSS on brain perfusion, functional imaging activation, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels. Subjects with mild upper limb motor impairments will be tested with MRI and clinical assessment either at an early (7 days to 3 months post-stroke) or at a chronic (>6 month...