Sustainable Techniques to Improve the Indoor Air Quality (Iaq) and Thermal Comfort in Hot and Arid Climate (original) (raw)
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Buildings, 2021
In hot arid climates, air conditioning in the summer dominates energy use in buildings. In Kuwait, energy demand in buildings is dominated by cooling, which also determines the national peak electricity demand. Schools contribute significantly to cooling demand, but also suffer from poor ventilation. This paper presents analysis of a ventilation and cooling system for school classrooms using a wind catcher for natural ventilation and evaporative cooling. A school classroom in Kuwait with single-sided ventilation was modelled using the DesignBuilder V5.4/EnergyPlus V9.1 software and calibrated using field data. The model was used to analyse the performance of a wind catcher, with and without evaporative cooling, in terms of energy use, thermal comfort and indoor air quality. Compared to the baseline of using air-conditioning only, a wind catcher with evaporative cooling was found to reduce energy use by 52% during the summer months while increasing the comfortable hours from 76% to 1...
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ON WIND CATCHER INTEGRATION IN CONTEMPORARY BUILDINGS IN JEDDAH
Jeddah City is a hot, arid zone and is characterized by high air temperatures and humidity. New architecture shall be undertaken by attempting to achieve the paradigm of natural ventilation and initiatives should be aimed at minimizing the harmful effects of a harsh environment on city inhabitants (Mohamed and Fekry, 2018). This paper focuses on finding reasons behind the negligence of wind catcher use, in contemporary residential buildings, in the city of Jeddah– it employs both semi-structured interviews and questionnaires with residents and professionals, to illustrate their opinions. Results show a relative lack of awareness among residents regarding passive strategies overall and wind catchers, in particular. Results also show, however, tangible potential among professionals to adapt passive strategies and tools. Most importantly, this paper attempts to illustrate how the survey's results are contrary to conventional belief: that high levels of humidity, temperature, dust and safety issues are primary reasons for the negligence of natural ventilation strategies in Jeddah.
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Wind ventilation in the built environment
WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment-Energy Production and Management in the 21st Century, 2014
Wind is the perceptible natural movement of the air, especially in the form of a current of air blowing from a particular direction. Wind is caused by differences in atmospheric pressure. Wind is the kinetic energy of air in motion. It is a renewable energy which comes from natural resources which are naturally replenished. Wind power is conversion of wind energy into a useful form of energy. Wind ventilation is a kind of passive ventilation, using the force of the wind (or local air pressure differences) to pull air through the building. Wind ventilation is the easiest, most common, and often least expensive form of passive cooling and ventilation. The use of natural ventilation is definitely an advantage with the raising concerns regarding the cost and environmental impact of energy use. The natural ventilation provides ventilation (outdoor air) to ensure safe healthy and comfortable conditions for building occupants and for people on the street without the use of fans. It also provides free cooling without the use of mechanical systems, when the orientation and layout of the built-up area useful direction. For this paper, related literature, articles and books are researched. There are a lot of cases and different approaches in these writings. It is eliminated by the subject of wind ventilation in the built environment. The purpose of this paper is to explain the importance of using wind energy as passive and natural ventilation in the built environment. It is essential to give some guidelines how the wind energy is used for a sustainable lifestyle between the buildings and in the city. Our goal is to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions for the sustainable future.
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Design with Nature: Windcatcher as a Paradigm of Natural Ventilation Device in Buildings
The traditional architecture of Central Asia and the Middle East is the product of land, the local climate, and people’s culture. The human needs and the environment represented the most essential factors to be considered in their designs. The traditional and vernacular architecture of this region introduced many realistic solutions and devices to the local environmental problems such as the Wind-catcher, which became a common architectural feature in buildings. The wind-catcher is based on a traditional Persian architectural device, which was used to create natural ventilation in buildings. Since the energy crisis of the 1970s, the ecological or sustainable architecture movement dominated architect’s thoughts of realising buildings that are environmentally relevant to their regions. In recent decades, there has been an increasing awareness of these traditional environmental devices and their potential for possible future buildings. However, traditional and vernacular architecture, which considered the human needs and the environment, provided many realistic solutions to the more recent modern environmental problems. This paper demonstrates the value of wind-catchers and provides insight into the application of natural ventilation systems as an alternative to the inappropriate modern cooling system in hot-climate regions. It also aims to examine the theoretical status of wind-catchers and to identify its specific nature, its use and its function in the context of architectural practice and discourse, in the past, present and future.
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Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences, 2020
The wind catcher or wind tower is a natural ventilation technique that has been employed in the Middle East region and still until nowadays. The present paper aims to study the effect of the one-sided position of a wind catcher device against the ventilated space or building geometry and its natural ventilation performance. Four models based on the traditional design of a one-sided wind catcher are studied and compared. The study is achieved under the climatic conditions of the South-west of Algeria (arid region). The obtained results showed that the front and Takhtabush’s models were able to create the maximum pressure difference (ΔP) between the windward and leeward of the tower-house system. Internal airflow velocities increased with the increase of wind speed in all studied models. For example, at Vwind = 2 m/s, the internal flow velocities were 1.7, 1.8, 1.3, and 2.5 m/s for model 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. However, at Vwind = 6 m/s, the internal flow velocities were 5.6, 5....
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