Stromal Cell–Derived Factor-1 Effects on Ex Vivo Expanded Endothelial Progenitor Cell Recruitment for Ischemic Neovascularization (original) (raw)
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Blood, 2004
Chemokine stromal derived factor 1 (SDF-1) is involved in trafficking of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from the bone marrow (BM) to peripheral blood (PB) and has been found to enhance postischemia angiogenesis. This study was aimed at investigating whether SDF-1 plays a role in differentiation of BM-derived c-kit ؉ stem cells into endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and in ischemia-induced trafficking of stem cells from PB to ischemic tissues. We found that SDF-1 enhanced EPC number by promoting ␣ 2 , ␣ 4 , and ␣ 5 integrinmediated adhesion to fibronectin and collagen I. EPC differentiation was reduced in mitogen-stimulated c-kit ؉ cells, while cytokine withdrawal or the overexpression of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p16 INK4 restored such differentiation, suggesting a link between control of cell cycle and EPC differentiation. We also analyzed the time course of SDF-1 expression in a mouse model of hind-limb ischemia. Shortly after femoral artery dissection, plasma SDF-1 levels were up-regulated, while SDF-1 expression in the bone marrow was down-regulated in a timely fashion with the increase in the percent-age of PB progenitor cells. An increase in ischemic tissue expression of SDF-1 at RNA and protein level was also observed. Finally, using an in vivo assay such as injection of matrigel plugs, we found that SDF-1 improves formation of tubulelike structures by coinjected ckit ؉ cells. Our findings unravel a function for SDF-1 in increase of EPC number and formation of vascular structures by bone marrow progenitor cells. (Blood.
Cardiovascular Research, 2007
Objective: Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) mobilizes bone marrow mononuclear cells into the peripheral circulation. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) enhances the homing of progenitor cells mobilized from the bone marrow and augments neovascularization in ischemic tissue. We hypothesize that SDF-1 will boost the pro-angiogenic effect of G-CSF. Methods and results: NIH 3T3 cells retrovirally transduced with SDF-1α gene (NIH 3T3/SDF-1) were used to deliver SDF-1 in vitro and in vivo. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) co-cultured with NIH 3T3/SDF-1 cells using cell culture inserts migrated faster and were less apoptotic compared to those not exposed to SDF-1. NIH 3T3/SDF-1 (10 6 cells) were injected into the ischemic muscles immediately after resection of the left femoral artery and vein of C57BL/6J mice. G-CSF (25 μg/kg/day) was injected intraperitioneally daily for 3 days after surgery. Blood perfusion was examined using a laser Doppler perfusion imaging system. The perfusion ratio of ischemic/non-ischemic limb increased to 0.57 ± 0.03 and 0.50 ± 0.06 with the treatment of either SDF-1 or G-CSF only, respectively, 3 weeks after surgery, which was significantly higher than the saline-injected control group (0.41 ± 0.01, P b 0.05). Combined treatment with both SDF-1 and G-CSF resulted in an even better perfusion ratio of 0.69 ± 0.08 (P b 0.05 versus the single treatment groups). Mice were sacrificed 21 days after surgery. Immunostaining and Western blot assay of the tissue lysates showed that the injected NIH 3T3/SDF-1 survived and expressed SDF-1. CD34 + cells were detected with immunostaining, capillary density was assessed with alkaline phosphatase staining, and the apoptosis of muscle cells was viewed using an in situ cell death detection kit. More CD34 + cells, increased capillary density, and less apoptotic muscle cells were found in both G-CSF and SDF-1 treated group (P b 0.05 versus other groups). Conclusion: Combination of G-CSF-mediated progenitor cell mobilization and SDF-1-mediated homing of EPCs promotes neovascularization in the ischemic limb and increases the recovery of blood perfusion.
Scientific reports, 2016
Homing of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) to the ischemic tissues is a key event in neovascularization and tissue regeneration. In response to ischemic insult, injured tissues secrete several chemo-cytokines, including stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α), which triggers mobilization and homing of bone marrow-derived EPC (BMD-EPC). We previously reported that SDF-1α-induced EPC homing is mediated by a panel of adhesion molecules highly or selectively expressed on the activated endothelium in ischemic tissues, including E-selectin. Elevated E-selectin on wound vasculature serve as docking sites for circulating EPC, which express counterpart E-selectin ligands. Here, we show that SDF-1α presented in wound tissue and released into circulation can act both locally and remotely to induce ischemic tissue endothelium and BMD-EPC to express both E-selectin and its ligands. By performing BM transplantation using E-selectin(-/-) and E-selectin(+/+) mice as the donors and recipients resp...
Postacute Stromal Cell–Derived Factor-1α Expression Promotes Neurovascular Recovery in Ischemic Mice
Stroke, 2014
Background and Purpose— Acute interventions of stroke are often challenged by a narrow treatment window. In this study, we explore treatments in the postacute phase of stroke with wider windows of opportunity. We investigated the effects of stromal cell–derived factor (SDF-1α) in neurovascular recovery during the postacute phase and downstream signaling pathways, underlying SDF-1α–mediated neurovascular recovery. Methods— Adult male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion. One week after middle cerebral artery occlusion, the animals received stereotactic injection of adenoassociated virus (AAV) carrying SDF-1α gene as treatment or AAV-green fluorescent protein as control and were monitored for 5 weeks. Neurobehavioral outcomes were evaluated, and brain atrophy was measured. Neurogenesis and angiogenesis were examined. The proliferation and migration of neural progenitor cells were evaluated. Downstream pathways of SDF-1α were investigated. ...
Stroke, 2011
Background and Purpose— Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) are important participants of neovascularization and are mobilized through signaling with stromal-derived factor (SDF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and stem cell factor. The association between EPC levels and these growth factors (GF) in acute stroke has not been previously established. We aimed to determine the association between EPC and these GF, and to elucidate a relationship between these GF and stroke severity in acute stroke patients. Methods— Seventeen patients were selected from 175 patients with imaging-confirmed acute ischemic stroke. EPC were quantified using CD34, CD133, and VEGF-R2 markers. Plasma VEGF, SDF-1α, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and stem cell factor were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on days 1 and 3, and brain MRI was performed at baseline and on days 1 and 5 after the stroke onset. Results— Levels of SDF-1α strongl...
Synergic effects of VEGF-A and SDF-1 on the angiogenic properties of endothelial progenitor cells
Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, 2016
Here we investigated the impact of hypoxic environment on the angiogenic properties of early-outgrowth endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), with particular focus on the role of secreted vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) in mediating these effects. We found that cultured EPCs secreted factors with paracrine effects on chemotaxis, migration, proliferation and tube formation of mature endothelial cells (ECs), and these properties were not affected by hypoxia. Depletion of VEGF-A did not change the ability of EPC-conditioned medium (CM) to promote EC migration and tube formation in vitro, suggesting that the pro-angiogenic paracrine effects of EPCs did not totally rely on the presence of VEGF-A. These findings were confirmed by in vivo experiments, on a mouse model of hind limb ischaemia, which showed that VEGF-depleted EPC-CM sustained tissue perfusion at the same level as complete EPC-CM. However, concomitant deletion of VEGF-A and SDF-1 in EPC-CM impaired the pro-angiogenic properties of EPC-CM, by inhibition of EC spreading in culture, tube-like structure formation on Matrigel support, in vivo neovessels formation and ischaemic hind limb regeneration. Taken together, our data demonstrate that: (i) hypoxia does not affect the capacity of EPCs to support the angiogenic process; (ii) the absence of either VEGF-A or SDF-1 from EPC-CM can be rescued by the presence of the other one, so that the overall angiogenic effects remain unchanged; and (iii) and the concomitant deletion of VEGF-A and SDF-1 from EPC-CM impairs its pro-angiogenic effect, both in vitro and in vivo.