Unmasking the Glory and Scandal: The System as an Essential Text for Athletic Administration Courses (original) (raw)

1 The roots of corruption in US collegiate sport

2016

The United States has one of the few educational systems in the world that integrates high-level sport into secondary and post-secondary education as a financially well supported extra-curricular programme in which teams from educational institutions compete against each other on a regular basis, including state championship competition at the secondary level and national championship competition at the post-secondary level. At the college and university level, there are over 2,000 higher education institutions in the United States with such sport programmes, called ‘intercollegiate athletic programs’. While ‘athletics’ is a term used worldwide to describe track and field programmes, in the United States ‘athletics’ is synonymous with ‘sport’.

Doing, Undoing, And Redoing Collegiate Athletics: Conceptual Tales Of Marginality And Mattering

2017

This work disrupts the normalization of athletics (big-time sports programs) in higher education and problematizes status-quo issues related to collegiate athletics such as: amateurism, sports careerism, the admission of academically underprepared athletes, academic and athletic rivalry, and escalating athletic expenditures. Primary poststructural theories of language, subjectivity, and power are used, alongside specific textual resources, to interrogate different aspects of the recent academic scandal at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC). The theoretical analysis puts to work the poststructural concepts of marginality (Spivak, 1993) and mattering (Butler, 1993) to create a different critique of academics and athletics in higher education. Crafted in the form of different conceptual tales, the first part of the analysis shows how individuals are marginalized by the operations of the athletic machine and the second analytical tale highlights the critical role race...

Radical Reform of Intercollegiate Athletics: Antitrust and Public Policy Implications

Tulane Law Review, 2012

major iterollegiate athletic programs ar heading for if not already in, a cnsis. Corruption continues to affect major football and basketball progrnis, exacerbated by a failure of imagination and wil in ideniymg and deternig corruption, and by a lack of consensus on what constitutes "corruption" when football and men t basketball stats generate millions ofdollars but cannot enjoy a lifestyle commensurate with many peer students. Curaent levels of spending am nonsustainable at many schools. Even where intercollegiate athletic programs am sustained pninanly by football and basketball revenues, otherwise visionary and questioning college presidents have yet to publicly question why these revenues should subsidize nonrvenue spots at the expense of fimancially pressed classrom activities. Contrary to the NCAA Constitution, major football programs do not operate '"in keeping with prudent management and fiscal pratices." This Essay sets forth an agenda for refor, explains why the agenda refilects sound public policy and analyzes why and how the NCAA can implement the agenda in a manner consistent with the Sherman Antitrust Act. It builds upon four foundational pmnciples: (1) prudently managed self-sustaiig intervollegnate sports am legitimate; (2) ntercollegiate sports programs that are not self-sustaining have no greater claim on the surplus proceeds from the activities of other sports prognns on campus than any other educational progmm offered by the univeisity; (3) the equal opportunity purposes that underlie Title IX should be maintained-and (4) whatever the additional societal benefits that may result from Division Inorevenue sports, they do notjustify the cost of operating those sports, having regard for the societal benefits that can be achieved by operating these sports at the equivalent of an elite club or Division XT level Applying these foundational pnnciples in light of the problems facing intercollegiate athletics, this Essay offers a five-part Charter of Reform for intercollegiate athletics (I) end subsidies for men § sports at the Division I level; (2) opeate sufficient women t Division I sports to provide female students with sports opportunities equal to male students; (ilZ) offer other sports on an equal basis to male and female students, 1imitedto financial aid only for financial need or academic merit independent of athletic ability with significant restrictions on coachig and travel; (I) allow all scholarshps to be partial or lull and reduce football scholarship totals to fify-five; and (V)permit up to one and one-half scholarships for the most elite athletes.

Southall, R. M., & Weiler, J. D. (2014). NCAA D-I athletic departments: 21st century company towns. Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics, 7, 161-186.

Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics, 2014

Utilizing a company-town metaphor, this paper analyzes the working and living conditions of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I men's basketball and Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) football players within athletic departments at Predominately White Institutions (PWIs). After summarizing previous “neo-plantation slavery” and “sex-worker” analogies, this paper analyzes – utilizing Contemporary Theory of Metaphor (CTM) – the complex relationship between these athletes and PWI athletic departments. Drawing upon historic and contemporary legal, sociological and economic sources, we compare these athletes’ existence to that of oscillating migrant laborers in 19th and 20th Century US company towns. Specific elements of big-time college sport analyzed include: (a) the degree to which profit athletes’ daily burdens and obligations exceed those of other university employees, (b) the geographic migration patterns of profit-athletes, (c) a paternalism that suffuses the Collegiate Model of Athletics, promoting intensive surveillance of players' conduct, both in the work context itself and during their ‘free time’, (d) in-kind compensation (grant-in-aid) that is akin to scrip, (e) limited athlete representation in college-sport governance, (f) college-sport participation health risks, and (g) moral and character-based justifications for the Collegiate Model. Consistent with CTM, we contend this previously-unutilized comparison uniquely disorganizes the common-sense view of big-time college sport, producing an effectively reorganized metaphor that challenges NCAA hegemony and provides a context for improved communication and social action within the institutional field of US college sport.

Studying Intercollegiate Sports: High Stakes, Low Rewards1

Journal of Intercollegiate Sport, 2008

Research faculty seldom study sports on their campuses. This paper identifies the constraints that impede research on intercollegiate sports, noting that they are grounded in multiple sites over which no single organization has influence or control. These sites include the university, academic disciplines, local communities and the NCAA. Given these constraints, there must be strategies to support research, such as providing access to primary and secondary data, establishing grant programs, and eliciting support from campus and athletic department decision makers. If the NCAA wants to effectively encourage faculty research, there is a need for discussions of what counts as quality and how bias, ideology, and objectivity will be defined and identified. Finally, there also is a need to identify strategies for narrowing the gap between the currently different and sometimes conflicting cultures of academia and athletic departments. Only if that gap can be narrowed is there a possibility that research done by academic faculty will meanigfully inform decisions related to intercollegiate sports. In his October 2007 NCAA President's Report, Myles Brand announced that in January 2008 there would be a Scholarly Colloquium organized around the question, "College Sports: A Legitimate Focus for Scholarly Inquiry?" He noted that intercollegiate sports have a profound impact on millions of people, and that the NCAA should encourage research that could inform policy decisions. This paper discusses factors that currently constrain faculty research on intercollegiate sports, strategies for minimizing constraints and creating incentives, and issues related to the determination of research "quality." This discussion is followed be a brief discussion of existing research and a hopeful conclusion about what can be expected in the future. Factors Constraining Faculty Research on Intercollegiate Sports In the first section of the paper I identify four sets of factors that inhibit research by academic faculty. These factors are located in the university, the community, traditional academic disciplines, and the NCAA. The author is an independent scholar and lives in Ft. Collins, CO.

The Cultural Cover-Up of College Athletics: How Organizational Culture Perpetuates an Unrealistic and Idealized Balancing Act

The Journal of Higher Education, 2016

Using a combined grounded theory and case study methodology, Jayakumar and Comeaux examined the role of organizational culture in shaping the lives of college athletes, particularly related to negotiating dual roles as both student and athlete. Data collection involved 20 interviews with athletes and stakeholders in the affairs of intercollegiate athletics at a Division I public university, as well as field observations and document analysis. The story that emerged from this breadth of data corroborates with and is largely told through the powerful counternarrative of one key informant who is a former Division I college athlete. Findings reveal a cultural-cover up imposed by an idealized image of achieving excellence in academics and athletics,that masks inadequate organizational support toward academic success. While academics are espoused as a priority at the university and within an athletic department that features an academic support system (e.g., tutors, computer center), and although the importance of balancing a dual student/athlete role is constantly reinforced verbally, underlying messages and structures push college athletes toward a greater focus on athletics at the expense of their academic futures. Implications for organizational change are discussed.