Evaluation of propolis hepatotoxicity in male rats (original) (raw)
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European Journal of Biotechnology and Bioscience, 2015
The hepatoprotective effects of methanol extracts from bee propolis against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver damage in albino rats were evaluated. Twenty rats of wister strains were group into 4 (A-D) of 5 rats each: Group A and B serves as normal control and CCL4 control respectively while group C and D were treated with 600mg/kg methanol extracts of bee propolis and 100mg/kg Silymarin (Standard) respectively. The CCL4 were administered in 72hrs interval intraperitoneally, while the extract was given daily for 10days through oral route. The ALT activities in serum and liver were significantly (p<0.05) highest and Lowest respectively in negative control rats when compared with normal control and other experimental groups, however rat treated with propolis extract compared well (p>0.05) with control value in their serum and liver ALT activites. The serum AST activities were significantly (p<0.05) raised in negative control rats when compared with normal control and other experimental group. However, no significant (p>0.05) difference were observed in Liver AST activities of all experimental groups when compared with the control values. The ALP activities in serum and liver were significantly (p<0.05) lowest and highest respectively in negative control rats when compared with normal control and other experimental group. The liver ALP of rats treated with sylimarin and propolis compared well with the control value.The serum and Liver Total proteins were significantly (p<0.05) highest in the control rats than all other experimental group. The serum and Liver Total proteins in propolis treated rats compared well (P>0.05) with the negative control rats and were significantly higher than the sylimarin treated rats. In conclusion, bee propolis has ameliorated the adverse effects of CCL4 induced Liver damage and could therefore, be recommended as an effective natural product for the management of liver disease
Advances in Therapy, 2007
Propolis is a natural product produced by bees that was discovered through the study of traditional cures and knowledge of indigenous people throughout the world. It is rich in vitamins A, B, C, and E, and in amino acids, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc. The investigators studied the duration-dependent hepatoprotective effects of propolis extract (200 mg/kg, orally) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ; 1.5 mL/kg, intraperitoneally)-induced liver damage in rats. Administration of CCl 4 caused a sharp elevation in the activity of serum transaminases and serum alkaline phosphatase. A significant depletion in hepatically reduced glutathione was observed with significantly enhanced hepatic lipid peroxidation. After CCl 4 administration, glycogen contents and activities of alkaline phosphatase, adenosine triphosphatase, and succinic dehydrogenase were significantly decreased, whereas total protein contents and activity of acid phosphatase were increased in the liver and kidney. Propolis extract reversed alterations in all parameters when administered within 6, 12, and 24 h of toxicant exposure. Propolis therapy produced duration-dependent protection, with maximal protection achieved at 24 h after CCl 4 exposure. It is believed that propolis in its natural form has general pharmacologic value and marked hepatoprotective potential because of its composition of minerals, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds.
The hepatoprotective effects of methanol extracts from bee propolis against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver damage in albino rats were evaluated. Twenty rats of wister strains were group into 4 (A-D) of 5 rats each: Group A and B serves as normal control and CCL4 control respectively while group C and D were treated with 600mg/kg methanol extracts of bee propolis and 100mg/kg Silymarin (Standard) respectively. The CCL4 were administered in 72hrs interval intraperitoneally, while the extract was given daily for 10days through oral route. The ALT activities in serum and liver were significantly (p<0.05) highest and Lowest respectively in negative control rats when compared with normal control and other experimental groups, however rat treated with propolis extract compared well (p>0.05) with control value in their serum and liver ALT activites. The serum AST activities were significantly (p<0.05) raised in negative control rats when compared with normal control and other experimental group. However, no significant (p>0.05) difference were observed in Liver AST activities of all experimental groups when compared with the control values. The ALP activities in serum and liver were significantly (p<0.05) lowest and highest respectively in negative control rats when compared with normal control and other experimental group. The liver ALP of rats treated with sylimarin and propolis compared well with the control value.The serum and Liver Total proteins were significantly (p<0.05) highest in the control rats than all other experimental group. The serum and Liver Total proteins in propolis treated rats compared well (P>0.05) with the negative control rats and were significantly higher than the sylimarin treated rats. In conclusion, bee propolis has ameliorated the adverse effects of CCL4 induced Liver damage and could therefore, be recommended as an effective natural product for the management of liver disease
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2006
Propolis is a resinous substance produced by honeybees that possesses many biological activities, such as antitumor, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory, among others. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the biochemical profile of propolistreated rats to observe whether propolis might lead to side effects after administration. Three different treatments were analyzed: (1) rats were treated with different concentrations of propolis (1, 3 and 6 mg/kg/day) during 30 days; (2) rats were treated with 1 mg/kg/day of ethanolic or water extracts of propolis (EEP, WEP) during 30 days; (3) rats were treated with 1 mg/kg/day of ethanolic extract of propolis during 90 and 150 days. Our results demonstrated no alterations in the seric levels of cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, total lipids, triglycerides and in the specific activity of aminotransferases (AST) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) of propolis-treated groups when compared to controls. On the basis of our findings, since propolis does not induce any significant change in seric parameters, it is claimed that long-term administration of propolis might not have any cardiac injury.
Mansoura Journal of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology
Pyrethroid pesticides were used preferably over organochlorines and organophosphates due to their high effectiveness, low toxicity to non-target organisms and easy biodegrability. It has widespread applications in agriculture through the world resulting in increased human exposure to this compound. The aim of present study was to evaluate the possible protective effect of propolis on hepatotoxic effect caused by cypermethrin in adult male Albino rats. Fifty adult male albino rats were included in the current study and classified into 4 groups. Group I (control) subdivided into (a): negative control reclived 2ml saline arally daily and (b): positive control received orally daily 2 ml corn oil. Group II: received orally daily (cypermethrin 14.5 mg/kg) dissolved in corn oil. Group III: received orally daily (propolis 200 mg/kg) dissolved in saline. GroupIV: received orally daily (cypermethrin 14.5 mg/kg dissolved in corn oil + propolis 200 mg/kg dissolved in saline). After 4 weeks of treatment, blood samples were collected for estimation of the levels of liver enzymes [ alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP)], total proteins, albumin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-c), then rats were sacrificed, the liver was excised, and subjected to estimation of levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidant enzymes [catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathion peroxidase (GPx)], and histopathological examination. Cypermethrin induced a significant increase in the levels of liver enzymes, total cholesterol, and MDA. While total protein, albumin, triglyceride, VLDL-c and antioxidant enzymes were decreased when compared to control rats. Histopathological examination of the liver revealed congestion of central and portal veins with hydropic degeneration of hepatocytes. Propolis administration with cypermethrin induced a significant decrease in levels of liver enzymes, total cholesterol and MDA and a significant increase in the levels of antioxidant enzymes, total protein, triglyceride and VLDL-c. Histopathological examination of the liver revealed apparent improvement of lesions induced by cypermethrin. It was concluded that propolis has a beneficial influences in reducing the hepatotoxic effects of cypermethrin in male Albino rats.
Prophylactic Effect Of Aqueous Propolis Extract Against Acute Experimental Hepatotoxicity In Vivo
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C, 2002
Propolis has been extensively used in folk medicine for the management of a wide spectrum of disorders. In a previous study, we demonstrated the protective effect of the aqueous propolis extract (APE) against the injurious effects of carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) on hepatocytes in vitro. The present investigation was carried out to show whether the hepatoprotective effect of the extract could also be manifested in vivo. Rats were given APE orally for 14 consecutive days, before being subjected to a single intraperitoneal injection of CCl 4 . One day after the CCl 4 injection, the animals were sacrificed, hepatocytes were isolated and liver homogenates were prepared for the assessment of liver injury. In isolated hepatocytes, APE afforded protection against CCl 4 -induced injury as manifested by a decrease in the leakage of the cytosolic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), decreased generation of lipid peroxide and maintenance of cellular reduced glutathione (GSH) content. In principle, similar findings were observed in liver homogenates. The present findings show that APE has in vivo hepatoprotective potential which could be attributed at least in part to the maintenance of cellular GSH content. The latter effect seems to play an important role in conserving the integrity of biomembranes as it was associated with a decrease in lipid peroxidation and reduced leakage of cytosolic LDH.
2013
The chemical content of two types of propolis was investigated, along with its effect on body weight gain, relative organs weight, liver function and lipid profiles for 8 weeks on albino rats. Ethanolic extract of Egyptian and commercial propolis samples were investigated by capillary GC-MS. The compounds were characterized by comparison with library searches. Fifty seven compounds from Egyptian propolis were identified; while Forty four compounds from commercial were identified. The ethanol-propolis extract, at doses of 500, 1000, 1500 mg/kg body weight/day, was given, by gavage, to male rats for 8 weeks. At the end of the treatment, body weight gain, relative organs weight, plasma lipid profiles levels and liver function parameters were measured. No significant effects happened in all tested groups compared with control and each other in body weight gain, relative organs weight, lipid profiles and liver function parameters. We suggest that both tested samples safe and could use in human nutrition.
Protective Effects of Propolis Against the Amitraz Hepatotoxicity in Mice
Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 2008
The present study aimed to study the protective effects of honeybee propolis against the amitraz hepatotoxicity in mice. Forty-eight Swiss albino male mice of 8 weeks of age, 22 to 25 g body weight were divided into four groups. The 1 st was control, the 2 nd was treated orally with 150 mg kg-1 propolis extract, the 3 rd was treated with 160 mg kg-1 amitraz and the 4 th one had 160 mg kg-1 amitraz + 150 mg kg-1 propolis extract. These daily treatments lasted for 8 weeks and laboratory assays were measured weekly. Results, after mice sacrificed, histopathology and immunohistology tests were carried out. The obtained results revealed that amitraz had affected liver biochemicals concentrations, whereas propolis led to a significant decrease in these levels in treated group. But, hepatocytes of mice treated with amitraz + propolis demonstrated positive stained nuclei, by using Ki67 immunostaining, less than those of amitraz treated only. The study suggests that propolis ameliorated the recovery of hepatotoxicity of amitraz in the tested mice.
The Antioxidant Potential of Saudi Propolis Extract on Hepatorenal Toxicity in Mice
Indian Journal of Animal Research, Volume 58 Issue 8: 1311-1318 (August 2024)
Background: In advanced cirrhotic conditions, hepatorenal syndrome detrimentally affects renal function. Interest has grown in propolis for its cytoprotective properties against various exogenous agents. This study evaluates the efficacy of Saudi propolis extracts in mitigating hepatorenal toxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride in mice. Methods: Thirty-two male Swiss Albino mice were divided into four groups: a Control (-) group receiving distilled water; a Control (+) group subjected to intraperitoneal CCl4 at 0.5 mL/kg (20% v/v in corn oil) on day 6; a Standard group treated daily with silymarin at 200 mg/kg and a group given an oral dose of aqueous propolis extract (APE) at 8.4 mg/kg. Result: Histological and biochemical analyses confirm propolis extract’s role in preventing hepatocyte apoptosis and reducing inflammatory infiltrates in kidney tissues, improving the histological appearance of hepatic and renal tissues with fewer fibrotic changes. The application of immunohistochemistry, along with reductions in anti-apoptotic proteins such as BCL-2 and p53, supports these findings, highlighting the antioxidant potential of Saudi propolis extracts in addressing hepatorenal toxicity.
Hepatoprotective effects of propolis extract on paracetamol-induced liver damage in mice
Phytotherapy Research, 1994
The effects of propolis extract were studied in a model of acute hepatotoxicity induced by a high oral dose (600 mg/kg) of paracetamol in mice. Propolis at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg i.p. decreased significantly the activity of alanine aminotransierase in serum, which was increased by paracetamol alone and increased the concentration of reduced glutathione in mouse liver, which is depleted by paracetamol. Propolis extract also reduced liver damage induced by paracetamol in mice, which was observed by optical and electron microscopy. The hepatoprotective effects of propolis were produced when administered 30 min before paracetamol or 2 h after it. It is concluded that propolis exerts some effects which resemble those of N-acetylcysteine, the well-known antidote of paracetamol.