Adapting agricultural policies in the Covid-19 crisis: Romania’s case (original) (raw)
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COVID-19'S IMPACT ON THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AND THE GOVERNMENT'S SCHEME
Journal of the Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda ISSN: 0025-0422
he COVID19 epidemic has put a strain on food supply chains that has never been seen before. Because of the ever-increasing degree of globalisation, supply chains frequently cross international borders. In the short term, countries have mostly focused on keeping supply networks intact and operational so that panic buying can be reduced and variations in consumption habits resulting from personal isolation may be handled. After the crisis has passed, the government may desire to improve international trade institutions based on what has been learnt about the resilience of the international food system. Governments, on the other hand, may feel overly reliant on foreign sources of supply as a result of their COVID19 experience, and may desire to counteract the effects of globalisation on national food systems. As a result, they may become more isolationist and less interested in international cooperation. Which of these conflicting forces will triumph may be determined by the course economies take following the pandemic's instability. This research report examines the implications of covid 19 on the agricultural industry. The government has proposed a scheme to help farmers cope with pandemic-related losses. The economy of the country was deflated, and the country suffered a large loss. Because agriculture is so important to the economy, government decision-making in this area is critical and important. Keywords: Pandemic, Supply Chain, Food, farmers, Agricultural, GDP, Economy, Covid 19.
Food Security
Like most economic sectors, agriculture has been significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was designed to understand the impact of the initial stages of the pandemic on the agricultural sector in Romania. A web-based research study of farmers was conducted using an online questionnaire. Participants (n = 148) were self-selected, by answering the questionnaire online. The results highlighted that the pandemic was having an impact on agricultural costs, labor, farm management and food security. Among the farmers who were asked to describe the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on delays with agricultural work, only 35.1% indicated that they had not registered delays. When farmers were asked if they anticipated a future increase in costs in agriculture as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, 45.9% of respondents felt that costs would increase. Fifty-seven percent of participants reported that they would continue to apply measures to reduce the impacts of the pandemic. Our findings and analysis indicated that agricultural systems were vulnerable and that the agricultural sector must be closely monitored and supported to maintain food security in times of crisis. For food security and better resilience of agri-food systems in Romania, the study identified needs for more automation and mechanization in farms, digital solutions for the public and private sector and continuous dialogue between farmers and authorities. We suggest the pandemic can be an opportunity for the reevaluation of agricultural production systems in Romania and beyond, and for the development of more innovative strategies, sustainable practices and digital solutions in agriculture.
2004
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2012
Common Agricultural Policy has a major impact on the Romanian agricultural sector, being one of the most important European policies affecting such an important part of the economy and population, and now it is passes through a new reform. Reconsidering the perspective of Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) during the next financial framework 2014-2020, will impose new conditions, both in the European agricultural sector reform and to the Romanian one as well, including adaptation to the new realities imposed by the CAP philosophy. The paper presents a short analysis regarding the possible effects on the Romanian agriculture in the perspective of the new CAP reforms, taking into account two main aspects: reform of direct payments system and the greening measures adopted for 1 CAP Pillar.
Land Use Policy, 2014
the main aims of this study are to highlight the differences and the similarities between the european model of agricultural and rural development, and the state of play in the Romanian agricultural sector. statistically speaking, the agricultural sector's indicators of the past two decades place Romania outside the family picture of the eu countries, with very slight resemblances, and very strong discrepancies between their economic, technical, and institutional characteristics. at present, competition-wise, farming and farmers in Romania are still strongly disfavoured in relation to their competitors in the old eu Member states. in Romania, the economic and institutional mechanisms have most often been devised to the disadvantage of agricultural production, by claiming that subsistence farming would be the sustainable way, and by channelling the added value to other sectors. an option to continue the agricultural policies of the past decades and to abandon the national support lent to agriculture would be particularly risky through its unpredictable and incalculable social and economic effects.
The Common Agricultural Policy Through Reforms Toward Europe 2020.
At the start of the European integration process, although the focus was on the European Coal and Steel Community, the specific treatment of agriculture was well-known information. Often, the agricultural sector was the decisive factor in the dynamics and intensity of the integration process as a whole. That role of agriculture is maintained, but in a lot of changed conditions and with different strategy that includes the development of new targets and mechanisms. The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has more than 50 years one of the most expensive and the most intriguing of all EU policies. It, beside regional policy, is a key policy and many aspects of other policies of EU are diffracted on this topic. The aim of this research is the intersection of the previous reforms of the CAP until the Agenda “Europe 2020” and influence on the agricultural income and direct payments on selected countries – Bulgaria, Romania and Croatia. During research, we have used the methods of economic and political analysis and comparative-historical and current structural and dynamic context of the EU.
a. Longer term impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on European agriculture
2020
The longer-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the European food supply chain may be substantially different than the short-term adaptation of farmers, food processors and retailers. The main consumer preference changes are likely to be linked to greater on-line ordering, home delivery and in-home consumption. The food industry changes will probably be more persistent and of greater magnitude than those on the consumer side, including a preference for production and processing closer to consumption, and greater flexibility in processing. The COVID-19 pandemic will promote greater automation throughout the food chain with automation of combinable crops leading the way because the engineering is more tractable than for fruits and vegetables. The COVID-19 pandemic will lead to a re-emphasis on food production and food security in agricultural policy throughout Europe. That re-emphasis of food security will be strongest in those countries which saw the largest and longest disruptio...
Romanian Agriculture, Where To? Challenges After Eu Integration
Annals of University of Craiova Economic Sciences Series, 2013
Along the time, the Romanian agriculture has passed several stages, different point of view of property regime, the operating system and the contribution of this sector to the GDP formation. Currently agriculture is in the process of transformation, a process whose aim is the harmonization of Romanian agricultural policy rules and fundamentals of the Common Agricultural Policy. This work is intended as a short study of developments in the agricultural sector phenomena, captured point of view of financing the activities of this sector.
Agriculture in Bulgaria: from European Union accession to the COVID-19 pandemic, 2021
Agriculture in Bulgaria is one of sectors country’s economy in which significant changes have taken place over the past three decades: in the field of economic relations, the structure of farms, the size and production activity of enterprises, income and profit. These changes are due to the agrarian reform carried out in the 1990s, accession Bulgaria to the European Union, and the implementation of measures and mechanisms of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). In the period before accession Bulgaria to the European Union (1997-2007) there were significant changes in the organization of agricultural sector of the economy, the formation of statistics, harmonization with European agricultural legislation, adaptation to dynamic changes in the environment. During the period of accession Bulgaria to the European Union, the conditions for functioning of agriculture relate to the formation of necessary mechanisms (organizational, financial, administrative, legal, informational, etc.) and successful adaptation to new realities. Bulgaria’s agriculture underwent significant changes during the COVID-19 pandemic, prompting the developing of appropriate financial support policies by the state and the European Union. For Bulgaria, agriculture is an important sector of the national economy for several reasons. First, it provides the population with food, on the quantitative and qualitative measurement of which depends the national food security of the country, raw materials for the food industry and resources for export. Secondly, favorable climatic conditions are suitable for growing various crops and farm animals. Third, agriculture accounts for 11.0% of gross domestic product, 12.5% of gross value added and employs 25.1% of the population.