PHARMACEUTICALS AND NUTRACEUTICALS (original) (raw)
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Food is Medicine - An Introduction to Nutraceuticals
A combination of the words "nutrition" and "pharmaceutical," the term nutraceutical encompasses foods or food products that claim to prevent chronic diseases, improve health, delay the aging process, and/or increase life expectancy. Products in this category range from isolated nutrients, dietary supplements and specific diets to genetically engineered foods, herbal products, and processed foods such as cereals and beverages.The area of Nutraceuticals is relevantly new and hence this publication serves to be most vital for scholars studying pharmaceutical sciences and related disciplines and as a reference for college freshman intending to have more understanding of this emerging area. This book by Dr. Muredzi sets the tone for future editions and serves to give an enlightened introduction to this emerging discipline. Eng.Q.C. Kanhukamwe - Vice Chancellor; Harare Institute of Technology, Harare, Zimbabwe
A Review on Nutraceutical: The Combinationof Nutrition and Pharmaceutical
Journal of Nutraceuticals and Food Science, 2020
The combination of two words, "Nutrition" and "Pharmaceutical" lead to the word or term "Nutraceutical". Basically nutraceutical is a food or part of food, which plays an important role in normal physiological function, which helps to maintain human health. Now a days all people are conscious about their daily diet and health. In India many people have preconception or prejudice about nutrition and health. India is a developing country. So many people of rural areas are suffering from non-communicable diseases and disorders due to lack of proper knowledge about nutrition, food and diet. The present article provides some information about "Nutraceutical and human health.
Nutraceuticals are the natural bioactive, chemical compounds that have health promoting, disease preventing or medicinal properties. Consumers are deeply concerned about how their health care is managed, administered and proceed. They are frustrated with the expensive, high tech, disease treatment approach prominent in modern medicine, the consumer is seeking complementary or alternative beneficial products and the red tape of managed care makes nutraceuticals particularly appealing. Nutraceuticals may range from isolated nutrients herbal products, dietary supplements and diets to genetically engineered " designs" foods and processed products such as cereals, soups and beverages
Since plants are used as therapeutic agents, the present study is designed to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of ethanolic extract of fresh stems of Pongamia pinnata Linn against selective Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and fungi strains in-vitro. The Pongamia pinnata ethanolic extract (PPEE) was prepared by cold maceration. The preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out by standard protocols. Quantitative determination of tannin and flavonoid contents was carried. The antimicrobial efficacy of stems of Pongamia pinnata was carried by agar well diffusion method at concentrations of 250µg, 500 µg, 750 µg and 1000 µg against selective Gram positive pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Enterococcus faecalis, Gram negative Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris and fungi Aspergillus niger. The MIC was performed by two fold broth dilution method and the range was found to be 0.97 mg/ml to 250 mg/ml. The PPEE possess appreciable levels of tannin and flavonoid contents, 39.7±2.6 mg of GAE/gm and 41.2±1.7 mg of rutin/gm of extract respectively. The plant extract was exhibited maximum activity against Bacillus subtilis (25.33±1.52mm) followed by Escherichia coli (24.33±0.57mm) and then against Bacillus megaterium (23.33±0.57mm). The plant also exhibited significant activity against Aspergillus niger (17.66±1.15mm). The MIC lies between 31.2 to 62.5 mg/ml. The results in the study indicate that the antimicrobial activity depends upon the type of bacteria used for the study. This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of PPEE. The crude extract of the plant showed significant activity against tested organisms. This study also showed that the plant could be a potential source for new antimicrobial agent.
Nutraceuticals: Let Food be your Medicine
2020
With the evolution in science and technology followed by the changing lifestyle of individuals the demand for products possessing some medicinal and nutritional value has also been increased. The involvement of nutrients in the form of medicines in human diet has shown promising results and attracted the attention of scientists globally. Nutraceutical can be defined as a food or its part that have the potential of providing certain health related or medical benefits including avoidance of disease. The discovery and history have investigated several aspects of noticeably profound medicinal values of such products. Such products ranges from dietary supplements, nutritional supplements and herbals to fortified and recombinant nutraceuticals. As per estimate of WHO, nearabout 80% of the global population currently uses herbal medicines for some aspect of primary health care. These are the alternative to modern medicines and also provide healthy living. Studies have revealed the promising results for these compounds in various compilations hence, the present review deals with the definition, history, classification and certain health related benefits of different nutraceutical compounds.
Nutraceutical: A Drug, Dietary Supplement and Food Ingredient
Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine, 2015
Background: Nutraceuticals are bioactive substances which are known for their therapeutic activity against a wide range of diseases. The term nutraceutical is derived from the terms 'nutrition' and 'pharmaceuticals' and refers to a food product that elicits medical health benefits for the prevention and cure of diseases. A nutraceutical has been investigated and indicated to exhibit physiological benefits and protection against various chronic diseases like cancers, cardiovascular disorders, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, etc. Aim: The aim of the current review article is to distinguish nutraceuticals from possibly confusing terms like functional foods, medical foods, and dietary supplements with their detailed classification. This paper presents the use of researched nutraceutical products to treat various diseases. Last, the attention on the commercialized nutraceutical products with certain safety regulations is elaborated as a growing concern. Nutraceuticals will be greatly important in human health as they provide all the essential components of a healthy diet. Conclusion & Future: With an aim to improve the quality of life at present, nutraceutical represents the fastest-growing segment of today's food industry. The future is centered on the newly designed foods stocked at the supermarkets providing a better standard of life, giving a healthier way of living to people reaching throughout the world.
Nutraceuticals : Role in therapeutics
2018
Food materials that prevent and treat diseases are usually named as functional foods, designer foods, pharma foods and nutraceuticals [1]. Food has been used since ages as a source for the treatment and prevention of various disorders. Enrichment of table salt with iodine and wheat flour with iron/folic acid has been used with an intention to prevent iodine deficiency goiter and anemia for long. Similarly, food fortified with vitamin A has been found to be a feasible and cost-effective approach to reduce vitamin A deficiency [2]. Nutraceuticals very often named as " functional foods " provides the body with the essential amount of vitamins, fats, proteins and carbohydrates necessary for healthy survival. When functional food assists in the prevention and/or treatment of disease (s) other than deficiency conditions like anemia it is called a " nutraceutical " [3]. Nutritional therapy is a healing system using nutraceuticals or phytonutrients for the improvement of human health. It is well known that ancient civilizations used herbal products as a remedy for many diseases. However, specific term for a formulation describing food or its active ingredients, which have medicinal values, was eagerly required. Then, in 1989 term " Nutraceutical " was coined by merging the terms " Nutrition " and " Pharmaceutical " by Dr Stephen DeFelice [4]. " Nutraceutical " is a term used for nutritional supplement that is in the market with the objective to treat or prevent disease [5].Therefore, a "nutraceutical" is any matter that may be considered a food or part of a food and provides medical or health benefits. These food products may be categorized as isolated nutrients, dietary supplements and diets to genetically engineered "designer " foods, herbal products and processed foods such as cereals, soups and beverages [6]. Dietary supplements play a vital role in premature chronic disease appearance, disease progression, morbidity and mortality. Approximately 40-50% proportion in cardiovascular disorders, 35-50% proportion in cancers, and 20% proportion in
Role_of_nutraceuticals_in_health_and_dis.pdf
The term nutraceutical was originally defined by Dr. Stephen L. De Felice, founder and chairman of the Foundation of Innovation Medicine (FIM), Crawford, New Jersey. About 2000 years ago, Hippocrates correctly emphasized "Let food be your medicine and medicine be your food". Nutraceuticals are medicinal foods that play a role in maintaining well being, enhancing health, modulating immunity and thereby preventing as well as treating specific diseases. Thus the field of nutraceutical can be envisioned as one of the missing blocks in the health benefit of an individual. Probiotics are ingested for their purported positive advantages in the digestive tract and/or systemic area like the liver, brain, vagina or blood stream. Antioxidants are very essential in the treatment of almost all diseases because most chronic diseases carry with them a great pact of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is accelerated by the ageing process along with lack of dietary antioxidants. Flavonoids have anti-cancerous properties by acting as antioxidants. Phytochemicals have specific actions and can be used variously for e.g. as antioxidants and have a positive effect on health. Recently, much attention has been given to phytochemicals that possess cancer preventive properties. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been shown to decrease the production of inflammatory eicosanoids, cytokines and reactive oxygen species, possess immunomodulatory effects and attenuate inflammatory diseases. With the evolution of "Smart Nutraceuticals", a Futuristic "Physician's Desk Reference" would contain information on individual genetic profiles to be matched with specific nutritional interventions as well. This would be a vast improvement over current nutritional recommendations which being too generalized are reported to benefit only 60% of population.