Effects on cardiovascular risk factors of weight losses limited to 5–10 % (original) (raw)
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Short-Term Effects of Weight Loss on the Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Morbidly Obese Patients
Obesity, 2004
BUSETTO, LUCA, GIUSEPPE SERGI, GIULIANO ENZI, GIANNI SEGATO, FRANCESCO DE MARCHI, MIRTO FOLETTO, MAURIZIO DE LUCA, SABRINA PIGOZZO, AND FRANCO FAVRETTI. Short-term effects of weight loss on the cardiovascular risk factors in morbidly obese patients. Obes Res. 2004;12:1256 -1263.
European Journal of Nutrition, 2013
Objective To evaluate the effects of 5 % weight loss, through diet only or diet plus exercise, on lipid profile, inflammation and endothelial function in obese individuals. Methods In this randomized clinical trial, 48 obese individuals were randomized to either a diet only group (DI) or a diet and exercise group (DI ? EXE). Treatment was maintained until 5 % of the initial body weight was lost. At baseline and upon completion, the following parameters were analyzed: total cholesterol and fractions, triglycerides, fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, highsensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and endothelial function (brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation-FMD).
The Obesity Paradox, Weight Loss, and Coronary Disease
The American Journal of Medicine, 2009
Because obesity is a cardiovascular risk factor but is associated with a more favorable prognosis among cohorts of cardiac patients, we assessed this "obesity paradox" in overweight and obese patients with coronary heart disease enrolled in a cardiac rehabilitation and exercise training (CRET) program, making this assessment in patients classified as overweight/obese using both traditional body mass index (BMI) and percent body fat assessments. Additionally, we assessed the efficacy and safety of purposeful weight loss in overweight and obese coronary patients.
Objective To evaluate the effects of 5 % weight loss, through diet only or diet plus exercise, on lipid profile, inflammation and endothelial function in obese individuals. Methods In this randomized clinical trial, 48 obese individuals were randomized to either a diet only group (DI) or a diet and exercise group (DI ? EXE). Treatment was maintained until 5 % of the initial body weight was lost. At baseline and upon completion, the following parameters were analyzed: total cholesterol and fractions, triglycerides, fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, highsensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and endothelial function (brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation-FMD).
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2001
Objective: To test the short-term effectiveness of a 3 week hospital-based body weight reduction (BWR) program on selected coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors in obese subjects. Design: Intervention study to assess the modifications in CHD risk factor scores estimated according to Framingham risk factor categories (age, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, blood pressure, diabetes and smoking). Setting: 3rd Division of Metabolic Diseases, Italian Institute for Auxology, Piancavallo (VB), Italy. Subjects: Two-hundred and sixty-eight obese patients (43 men, 225 women, age range 19 -81 y; body mass index (BMI) range 30 -67). Intervention: The BWR program consisted of a 3 week integrated energy-restricted diet (1200 -1800 kcal=day), associated with moderate aerobic exercise, psychological counselling and educational lectures. Results: Substantial reductions of total cholesterol (16.7%), HDL cholesterol (14.8%), systolic (11.2%) and diastolic blood pressure (8.7%) were observed at the end of the intervention, even with relatively moderate decrease in weight (4.1%) and in persistence of elevated BMI (over 40 kg=m 2 ). The mean CHD Framingham score decreased by 16.1%, from 7.8 to 6.2. The BWR-induced changes were similar in both sexes, and across strata of age and BMI. Conclusions: The full-time participation of the patients in the hospital-based, integrated BWR program may explain the positive clinical outcome in all the subgroups considered, although the long-term results need to be quantified.
Predictors of improvement in cardiometabolic risk factors with weight loss in women
Journal of the American Heart Association, 2013
Weight loss is associated with improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors, including serum glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein, and blood lipids. Few studies have evaluated the long-term (>18 months) effect of weight loss on these risk factors or sought to identify factors associated with sustained improvements in these measures. In 417 overweight/obese women (mean [SD] age, 44 [10] years) participating in a weight loss trial, we sought to identify predictors of weight loss-associated cardiometabolic risk factors after 12 and 24 months of intervention. Total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), insulin, glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP), and cardiopulmonary fitness were measured at baseline and at 12 and 24 months. After 24 months, significant reductions in body weight, waist circumference, CRP, TC, HDL-cholesterol, and non-HDL-cholesterol were observed (P<0....
British Journal of General Practice, 2020
BackgroundGuidelines recommend that clinicians identify individuals at high cardiometabolic risk and support weight loss in those with overweight or obesity. However, we lack individual level data quantifying the benefits of weight change for individuals to guide consultations in primary care.AimTo examine how weight change affects cardiometabolic risk factors, and to facilitate shared decision making between patients and clinicians regarding weight loss.Design and settingObservational analysis using data from two trials of referral of individuals with overweight or obesity in primary care to community weight-loss groups.MethodLinear mixed effects regression modelling examining the association between weight change and change in systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and lipid profile across multiple timepoints (baseline to 24 months). Subgroup analyses examined changes in individuals with hypertension, diabetes,...
Effects of Weight Loss Among Metabolically Healthy Obese Men and Women
Diabetes Care, 2010
OBJECTIVE -Weight loss among metabolically healthy obese (MHO) individuals may be unnecessary or result in elevated cardio-metabolic risk. We studied the effects of exercise-or diet-induced weight loss on cardio-metabolic risk among MHO and metabolically abnormal obese (MAO) adults.
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2002
To determine the influence of weight loss on multiple cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Overweight women (n = 12; mean 44.2% fat) and men (n = 10; mean 30.7% fat) participated in an 8 week weight-loss program that included dietary, exercise, multi-vitamin/mineral supplementation, and behavior modification components. Measurement of total and regional body composition assessed using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), circumferences and blood sampling for total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triacylglycerols, homocysteine, insulin and leptin were performed before and after the weight loss intervention. Subjects increased their physical activity and decreased their energy intake, resulting in a mean decrease in body mass of - 4.3 +/- 3.4 kg in women and -4.7 +/- 3.1 kg in men. Fat accounted for 88 and 58% of the decrease in body mass in men and women, respectively. Proportionally, men lost significantly more fat mass from the trunk region compared to women. Serum total and LDL cholesterol were significantly decreased in men (-11 and -14%, respectively) but not women (-3 and -3%, respectively) and there were no changes in HDL cholesterol and triacylglycerols. Serum leptin was significantly decreased (-36%) and highly correlated to fat mass (r= 0.839). There were no changes in serum insulin and plasma homocysteine. These data indicate that short-term weight loss resulting from reducing percentage energy from fat, increasing physical activity and vitamin/mineral supplements including folic acid has a favorable effect on regional body composition and total and LDL cholesterol with minimal effects on HDL cholesterol, triacylglycerols, homocysteine and insulin and the effects are greater in men compared to women. Supplementation with folic acid or emphasis on folic acid-rich foods may be an important component of a weight loss program to prevent increases in homocysteine.