The Effect of Aerobic Training on the Level of Growth Hormone and 17-beta Estradiol Middle-aged Women with Breast Cancer (original) (raw)
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Introduction: In recent years, a number of researches have been carried out regarding the relationship between atherosclerosis and serum levels of GH and IGF-1 and different results were obtained. This study aimed to determine the effect of a six-month aerobic exercise on levels of GH, IGF-1 and GH/IGF-1 ratio serum in sedentary middle-aged women Methods: Nineteen healthy females, who were selected by convenience sampling method, were divided into two [active (n=11) and non-active (n=8)] groups. The exercise protocol included aerobic exercise training lasted for 6 months and 3 sessions per week. Every session lasted for 60 minutes with intensity of 55-65 percent of heart rate reserve. Blood samples were taken and Serum IGF-1 and GH were measured before and after six months of aerobic training. To make intra and intergroup comparisons as well as to investigate the interactive effect, repeated measure analysis of variance were used. For all statistical comparisons, the level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: This study demonstrated that the level of serum IGF-1 in middle-aged women decreased significantly (P=0.016). However, the levels of GH didn't change significantly during this period. Moreover, GH to IGF-1 ratio increased significantly (P=0.007). Conclusion: The study results indicated that six-month aerobic exercise led to a decrease on the levels of IGF-1 and did not make a change in GH serum in sedentary middle-aged women. In other words, doing aerobic exercises reduced IGF-1 levels that have a significant relationship with severity of a coronary disease and thus can prevent the atherosclerosis disease.
مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گرگان, 2018
Background and Objective: Angiogenesis and expression of angiogenic factors in tumor are associated with increased risk of metastasis and reduction of treatment outcomes. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of endurance training on the angiogenic factors (VEGFR-2, VEGF) of tumor in breast cancer bearing mice. Methods: In this experimental study, 20 BALB/c mice following breast cancer induction were randomly allocated into two groups of experimental (n=10) and control (n=10). Breast cancer tumors were induced by MC4-L2 cell infusion. Animals in the experimental group were received endurance training for 6 weeks, 5 days a week with gradual increase in intensity from 12 to 20 (m.min-1) and duration from 25 to 55 minutes. Tumor volume was measured weekly with digital caliper. Expression of two angiogenic proteins of VEGFR-2 and VEGF were measured by ELISA method. Results: Endurance training significantly reduced VEGFR-2 protein in training group (1.524±0.324 ng ml-1) compare...
Quarterly of Horizon of Medical Sciences, 2017
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Pars of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, 2018
Introduction: CYP17A1 and CYP19A2 enzymes are key proteins in constructing and regulating steroid hormones such as cortisol, testosterone and estrogen. However, the effect of exercise on these two proteins in ovary tissue has not been investigated yet. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of swimming training on CYP17A1 and CYP19A1 gene expression in ovary tissue of healthy Wistar rats. Materials and Method: Twenty two-month old healthy Wistar rats, with the mean weight of 180±20 g were selected and randomly divided into exercise (n=10) and control (n=10) groups. The exercise group performed swimming five days a week for six weeks. Meanwhile, the control group did not do any exercise at all. Mann-Whitney statistical test was used to analyze the data. Results: CYP17A1 and CYP19 gene expression increased significantly in the exercise group compared to the control group (P=0.05). Conclusion: Regarding the increased expression of CYP17 and CYP19 in ovary tissue after six weeks of swimming and the important role of these proteins in steroid hormone synthesis, it can be argued that swimming is an important non-pharmacological mechanism for treatment of ovulation and infertility problems.
EBNESINA, 2015
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) can be influenced by environmental and internal factors. One of environmental factors which may be effective on MS is different programs of physical exercise. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of selected exercise training on serum nitric oxide (NO) level and disease activity (EDSS) in women with relapsing remitting MS. Materials and methods: Subjects of the study included 27 women with relapsing remitting MS who participated in this study voluntarily and were randomly assigned to control (C), (N=12) or experimental groups (EX), (N=15). Subjects participated in progressive aerobic exercise on stationary bicycle at 60% to 80% of target heart rate, 3 day/week for 8 weeks. Serum NO concentrations were determined before and following 4 th and 8 th weeks of exercise training. EDSS and VO 2 max were assessed using Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale and Bruce tests respectively, before and after exercise training. To analysis data, factorial repeated measure analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used at p≤0.05 significant level. Results: No significant difference was found in NO in EX group compared to C group. EDSS significantly decreased in EX group compared to C group and VO 2 max increased significantly after 8 weeks aerobic exercise training in EX group compared to C group. Conclusion: Physical training can be effective in improving MS through reduction of disease severity and increasing in VO 2 max by maintaining the balance of NO.
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), 2018
Aims Breast cancer, as the most common cancer in women, will lead to death in case it is not diagnosed timely, and if the early diagnosis is timely, the chance of recovery will increase in the early stages. The aim of this study was to determine the factors engaged with women performance in doing regular breast self-examination or referring to health centers for examination and mammography. Instruments & Methods In this descriptive-analytic cross sectional study, in 2012, 9260 women aged 20 to 65 years old in Isfahan province, Iran were selected from different districts by multistage cluster sampling method. A researcher-made questionnaire was used for data collection. The underlying variables, knowledge of risk factors, signs and symptoms, and beliefs about breast cancer diagnosis were considered as predictors of women performance. The data were analyzed by STATA 13 software, using Pearson correlation coefficient test, univariate, and multivariate logistic regression. Findings Generally, 55.7% of the patients had a poor knowledge of cancer risk factors. Knowledge about signs and symptoms of breast cancer was relatively good in 83.7% of the patients. Also, women belief in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment was poor. Knowledge of risk factors (OR=1.2), knowledge of signs and symptoms (OR=1.5), and beliefs (OR=1.3) were positive predictors of performance. Conclusion The underlying variables, knowledge of cancer risk factors, knowledge of signs and symptoms of breast cancer, and belief in the effectiveness of examination increase the women performance (self-examination or referring to health centers for examination) for breast cancer examination.
The Effect of Physical Exercise and Training on Serum Leptin Levels
Razi Journal of Medical Sciences, 2014
Background: Introduction of leptin, a product of the obese gene, recently has led to numerous experiments to better understand body weight and composition function. Based on these findings, leptin is proposed to be an important factor in energy balance and metabolism to influence body weight. In addition, investigators have reported contradictory findings about the influence of physical exercise under various experimental conditions on leptin secretion regulation from adipose tissue stores. Thus, this review has been focused on the conflicts in the literature and the acute effect of various physical exercises on leptin and leptin's response to acute exercise and trainings. Methods: In this review, the studies that examined the influence of a variety exercise on leptin and the complications in the literature are summarized then the implication with physical exercise and training are discussed. Results: The effect of physical exercise and training on leptin concentrations is currently controversial. Several researchers revealed that exercise may result in reductions depending on the duration and calorie expenditure whereas others have reported no change in concentrations. Conclusion: This review appears that involving in physical exercise longer than 60 minutes with a significant caloric agitation (>800 kcals) is necessary for acute exercise to result in a significant reduction in leptin concentrations in non-athletes.
KAUMS Journal, 2015
Background: Currently, due to the high prevalence of overweight, obesity and modernization of life, walking on a treadmill is welcomed instead of walking on the ground. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of treadmill and ground walking, on maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage among inactive overweight women. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 30 healthy, inactive, and overweight women volunteered to take part in this study. After performing a pre-test, the participants were randomly allocated into three equal groups (n=10): walking on a treadmill, walking on the ground, and control. The walking training program was performed three sessions per week for eight weeks with 60% to 85% of heart rate reserve. Before and after eight weeks, the VO2max was assessed by the Queen’s step test, BMI by dividing weight (kg) by the square of height and the body fat percentage was determined by measuring subcutaneous fat in th...
Background and Aim: Some physiological and psychological variables have a circadian rhythm or cyclical changes and many physiological responses to exercise, e.g. cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are somehow affected by their time of the day .Thus, .the present study aimed at finding out the effect of the time of the day on plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and lipid profile after one session of exhaustive exercise in apparently healthy young women in Birjand in 2011. Materials and Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental pre/post one. Forty-four active women (mean. age 21.59±1.24 yrs.; mean BMI 21.11±2.74kg/m 2) were divided into 2 experimental and 2 control groups. The experimental groups performed the Bruce treadmill maximal protocol after 12 hours fasting at 8 a.m. and at 6 p.m. Then, blood samples of all participants were derived from the antecubital vein of each before and immediately after the test. Finally, the obtained data was analyzed using the two-way ANOVA test. Results: A significant decrease in CRP levels was observed in the evening post-exercise period compared with the pre-test (p=0.008), while CRP levels after the morning exercise had no significant change compared with the pre-test. Plasma triglyceride (TG) level significantly increased after both of morning and evening exercises (p=0.002). But, no significant changes in TG, HDL and LDL cholesterol levels were found after morning and evening exercises. Conclusion: Taking CRP response into account, it seems that high intensity exercise in the evening is better and safer than the same exercise in the morning.