Elimination of Chromium (Vl) from Industrial Effluent through the Utilization of Water Hyacinth weed (original) (raw)
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PHYTOREMEDIATION OF CHROMIUM FROM INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT BY WATER HYACINTH
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Biosorption of hexavalent chromium in aqueous solution using water hyacinth
2015
The current work was performed to search the likelihood of using the water menace, water hyacinth as biosorbent for the removal of hexavalent chromium ions from synthetic water containing chromium. All the biosorption experiments were carried out in batch operation mode with crude and pyrolysed water hyacinth. The impact of key physico-chemical factors pH, temperature, initial chromium ion concentration and biosorbent dosage on chromium removal has been studied. The experiments reveal that the maximum chromium removal can be achieved from an aqueous solution at low pH, less chromium concentration, moderate temperature (40 o C) and maximum biomass loading. Adsorption isotherms at equilibrium were examined. The experimental data obtained were analyzed with Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption isotherm models. The data fits well to all the three isotherms as regression coefficient R 2 is more than 0.9 in all the cases. The crude and pyrolysed water hyacinth had mono layer adsorpt...
ADSORPTION OF HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY WATER HYACINTH (EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES)
Heavy metals are released into environment due to various anthropogenic and industrial activities. The effluents of tanneries, electroplating, dye, cement and photography industries contribute chromium significantly to the environment. Contamination of waste water by heavy metals is a serious environmental problem. One of the methods to remove chromium from waste water is through adsorption using waste resources. Dried water hyacinth is used as a low-cost sorbent for the removal of Cr (VI) ions from aqueous solutions. The influence of pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage and initial concentration was studied using batch adsorption experiments. Results indicate that the optimum contact time for removal of Cr (VI) using dried water hyacinth was 60 minutes. The optimum pH and dosage of adsorbent was found to be 4 and 10 gm/L. The percentage of reduction is maximum (96%) at lower concentration (5ppm) and 86% at 20ppm which follows the first rate order kinetics.
2016
ABSTRACT: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the potential use of water hyacinth for the removal of chromium (Cr) from tannery wastewater. This experiment was performed using healthy, young and acclimatized water hyacinth collected from unpolluted Awash River. Cr concentrations of 3, 5, 7, 10 and 20 mg/L were added to five different polyethylene tanks, containing 40 litre tap water cultured with Hoagland’s solution. A sixth tank containing Cr-free water was used as a control group. Six plants of equal wet mass (each 12.5 ± 2 g), shoot length (11 ± 2 cm) and root length (6 ± 2 cm) were transferred into each tank and allowed to grow in a greenhouse for 42 days. From each tank plants were harvested randomly every week. Bioaccumulation factor, translocation factor, shoot and root length; wet biomass and dry weight of the shoot and root were measured, and relative growth rate, tolerance index of the root and tolerance index of wet mass were analyzed. The maximum accumulat...
International Islamic University Malaysia Engineering Journal, 2016
In this investigation, locally available and inexpensive Taro and Water Hyacinth were used as biosorbents to remove chromium from synthetic wastewater. The removal of this metal ion from water in the batch and column method have been studied and discussed. Adsorption kinetics and equilibrium isotherm studies were also carried out. The material exhibits good adsorption capacity and the data follow both Freundlich and Langmuir models. Scanning Electronic Microscopic image was also used to understand the surface characteristics of biosorbent before and after biosorption studies. Effects of various factors such as pH, adsorbent dose, adsorbate initial concentration, particle size etc. were analyzed. The initial concentrations of chromium were considered 5-30mgL-1 in batch method and only 4mgL-1 in column method. The maximum chromium adsorbed was 1.64 mgg-1 and 4.44 mgg-1 in Batch method and 1.15 mgg-1 and 0.75 mgg-1 in Column method. Batch and Column desorption and regeneration studies were conducted. Column desorption studies indicated that both of these biosorbents could be reused for removing heavy metals. Results of the laboratory experiments show that the performance of Taro and Water Hyacinth prove that they can effectively be used as low cost biosorbents for the removal of chromium from wastewater. ABSTRAK: Dalam penyiasatan ini, tumbuh-tumbuhan tempatan yang sedia ada dan murah iaitu Taro dan Air Hyacinth telah digunakan sebagai biosorbents untuk menghapuskan kromium daripada air sisa sintetik. Penyingkiran ion logam ini daripada air dalam kaedah kumpulan dan kaedah kolum telah dikaji dan dibincang. Kajian kinetik penjerapan dan keseimbangan isoterma juga telah dijalankan. Bahan ini menunjukkan kapasiti penjerapan yang baik dan data yang diperolehi adalah saperti data dari model Freundlich dan Langmuir. Imej pengimbasan mikroskopik elektronik juga diambil untuk memahami ciri-ciri permukaan biosorbent sebelum dan selepas kajian biosorption..Kesan beberapa faktor seperti pH, dos penjerap, kepekatan awal bahan terjerap, saiz zarah dan lain-lain telah dianalisa. Kepekatan awal kromium adalah 5-30mgL-1 dalam kaedah kelompok dan hanya 4mgL-1 dalam kaedah kolum. Kromium terjerap maksima ialah 1.64 MGG-1 dan 4.44 MGG-1 dalam kaedah kelompok dan 1.15 MGG-1 dan 0.75 MGG-1 dalam kaedah kolum. Kajian penyaherapan dan pertumbuhan semula menggunakan kaedah kelompok dan kolum telah dijalankan. Dalam kajian penyaherapan kolum menunjukkan bahawa kedua biosorbent ini boleh digunakan semula untuk menghapuskan logam berat. Hasil daripada eksperimen makmal ini menunjukkan Taro dan Hyacinth air
Asia Pacific Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2015
One of the most common sources of contamination in surface water is the discharge of waste water containing heavy metals from different industrial applications.Methods in the removal of contaminants like hexavalent chromium, Cr+6 ,that are available nowadays are too costly and difficult to operate efficiently. A new approach to solve such problem is Phytoremediation or the use of green plants in the removal of contaminants from wastewater that contains heavy metals.In this study, the effectiveness of water hyacinth (Eichhorniacrassipes) was evaluated for its capability in removing hexavalent chromium from simulated wastewater.The effect of a co-ion, specifically Cu2+ ions, on the percentage removal of Cr6+ was also studied. Diphenyl carbazide colorimetric method was used to quantify the amount of Cr6+ left after treatment with water hyacinth.The percentage removal of Cr6+ was determined under varying conditions. The parameters varied were concentration of Cr6+ (3, 6, & 9 mg/L), contact time (4, 8, and 12 days) and concentration of Cu2+ (0, 4, and 8 mg/L). Results showed that the percentage removal of Cr6+ is directly proportional to the initial concentration of Cr6+ and contact time but inversely proportional to the concentration of co-ions which is Cu2+ ions. Results and statistical data showed that the optimum condition for phytoremediation of Cr6+ using water hyacinth is 12 days of contact time, and initial concentrations of 9 mg/L and 4 mg/L of Cr6+ and Cu2+ respectively.Overall results indicated that Eichhorniacrassipes can be used for phytoremediation of Cr+6contaminated wastewater.
2011
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the potential use of water hyacinth for the removal of chromium (Cr) from tannery wastewater. This experiment was performed using healthy, young and acclimatized water hyacinth collected from unpolluted Awash River. Cr concentrations of 3, 5, 7, 10 and 20 mg/L were added to five different polyethylene tanks, containing 40 litre tap water cultured with Hoagland’s solution. A sixth tank containing Cr-free water was used as a control group. Six plants of equal wet mass (each 12.5 ± 2 g), shoot length (11 ± 2 cm) and root length (6 ± 2 cm) were transferred into each tank and allowed to grow in a greenhouse for 42 days. From each tank plants were harvested randomly every week. Bioaccumulation factor, translocation factor, shoot and root length; wet biomass and dry weight of the shoot and root were measured, and relative growth rate, tolerance index of the root and tolerance index of wet mass were analyzed. The maximum accumulation of 2.5...
3BIO: Journal of Biological Science, Technology and Management
Chromium is one of the heavy metals used in industrial fields, i.e., metallurgical industry, chemical industry, heat-retardant, and leather tanning industry. Untreated wastewater from these industries can pollute rivers and threaten the aquatic ecosystem. Some aquatic plants such as water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) have been known as metal hyperaccumulators and can be used as phytoremediator for polluted water. This aim of the study is to determine the physiological and morphological responses of water hyacinth and water lettuce plants treated by different concentrations of trivalent chromium and to study which plant is effective for trivalent chromium removal. The experiment was conducted for 2 week at screen house. After two weeks, the plants were harvested and the weight was measured. The samples were separated into shoot and root and were analyzed for Cr content, chlorophyll, proline and CAT enzyme activity. The results of this study indicated that the levels of water hyacinth chromium in roots and leaves are lower (863.988 mg/Kg, 899.126 mg/Kg, 685.877 mg/Kg for treatment 40 ppm, 80 ppm, and 120 ppm respectively) than the levels of chromium in water lettuce (1584.264 mg/Kg, 1660 mg/Kg, 1413 mg/Kg for treatment 40 ppm, 80 ppm, and 120 ppm respectively). Physiological parameter, i.e., chlorophyll and proline levels in water hyacinth and water lettuce from all concentration treatment did not differ significantly (P> 0.05). The activity of the catalase enzyme in water hyacinth and water lettuce decreased with increasing chromium levels. The highest catalase enzyme activity was observed in control treatment of water lettuce (1.61 unit/mg) and 40 ppm treatment of water hyacinth (1.006 unit/mg). The highest biomass dry weight of both plants was found in plants with control treatment (15.38 gr and 8.48 gr for water hyacinth and water lettuce respectively). Therefore, we concluded that water lettuce is better for trivalent chromium removal than water hyacinth.