Burden of overweight and obesity in Mexico from 1990 to 2021 (original) (raw)
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Obesity prevalence in Mexico: impact on health and economic burden
Public Health Nutrition, 2014
Objective: Along with other countries having high and low-to-middle income, Mexico has experienced a substantial change in obesity rates. This rapid growth in obesity prevalence has led to high rates of obesity-related diseases and associated health-care costs. Design: Micro-simulation is used to project future BMI trends. Additionally thirteen BMI-related diseases and health-care costs are estimated. The results are simulated for three hypothetical scenarios: no BMI reduction and BMI reductions of 1 % and 5 % across the population. Results: In 2010, 32 % of men and 26 % of women were normal weight. By 2050, the proportion of normal weight will decrease to 12 % and 9 % for males and females respectively, and more people will be obese than overweight. It is projected that by 2050 there will be 12 million cumulative incidence cases of diabetes and 8 million cumulative incidence cases of heart disease alone. For the thirteen diseases considered, costs of US806millionareestimatedfor2010,projectedtoincreasetoUS 806 million are estimated for 2010, projected to increase to US806millionareestimatedfor2010,projectedtoincreasetoUS 1?2 billion and US1?7billionin2030and2050respectively.A1US 1?7 billion in 2030 and 2050 respectively. A 1 % reduction in BMI prevalence could save US1?7billionin2030and2050respectively.A1US 43 million in health-care costs in 2030 and $US 85 million in 2050. Conclusions: Obesity rates are leading to a large health and economic burden. The projected numbers are high and Mexico should implement strong action to tackle obesity. Results presented here will be very helpful in planning and implementing policy interventions.
Global Health Action, 2016
Background: Excess body weight has become a major public health problem worldwide, and the burden of overweight and obesity was calculated in this work from a health economics perspective. Objective: To estimate the burden of disease attributable to overweight and obesity among males and females aged 20 years and older using years of life lost (YLL) and age-standardized YLL rates (ASYLL), and to rank the leading causes of premature death. Design: A cross-sectional study took place (2010Á2014) and 6,054 deaths were analyzed. Thirteen basic causes of death associated with overweight or obesity were included. The population attributable fraction (PAF), YLL, and ASYLL were calculated. Results: The overall burden attributable to overweight and obesity was 36,087 YLL, and the estimated ASYLL per 10,000 persons was 1,098 and 1,029 in males and females, respectively. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was the main cause of premature death (males, 968 ASYLL; females, 772 ASYLL). Conclusions: Overweight and obesity are major risk factors of chronic diseases that are main causes of premature death in the study population. Strategies for preventing overweight and obesity may decrease the incidence and mortality associated with these non-communicable diseases. ASYLL seems to be an indicator that is particularly well adapted to decision-making in public health.
Nutrients
Mexico has one of the highest overweight and obesity rates in the world. Our objective is to describe the tendency of overweight and obesity by sex, health service affiliation, and socioeconomic tertile (T1,2,3), and to give examples of public policies derived from the results of the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Surveys (ENSANUT). Data come from the 2006, 2012, and 2016 ENSANUTs, which are probabilistic surveys that allow us to make inferences at the national level, on urban and rural strata and regions; their coverage includes all the population age groups. We assessed overweight and obesity (OW + O) in all population groups. The prevalence of OW + O in preschool children was lower in T1 in all the surveys, and shows an increase by year of survey, according to the health service affiliation. In school-age women, prevalence increased over the 10 years of evaluation, in spite of the high prevalence in both genders in T3. Adolescent behavior is similar and, in adults, the pre...
Salud Publica De Mexico, 2009
Results. A total of 33 023 adults ≥ 20 years old were included; 39.7% were found to be overweight and 29.9% were found to be obese; 75.9% of all adults had abdominal obesity. In Mexico between 2000 and 2006, the combined prevalence of overweight and obesity in adults increased approximately 12%. Mexican-Americans showed a higher prevalence of morbid obesity compared to native Mexicans. Conclusions. Mexico has experienced a rapid increase in the number of adults who have experienced excess weight gain between the years 2000 and 2006.
Obesity and the Loss of Life: A Comparison between the US and Mexico
2000
High and increasing levels of obesity in the US and Mexico could compromise future gains in life expectancy for these populations. Excess mortality due to obesity has been investigated in the US but not in Latin America where high prevalence and the rapid growth of obesity are frequently combined with frail socio-economic conditions. The aim of this study is to measure loss in life expectancy due to obesity in Mexico and the US, taking advantage of the existence of comparable databases for both countries (HRS 2000 for the US and MHAS 2000 for Mexico). Our results show larger losses in life expectancy due to excess body fat among older people in Mexico (more than four years of life expectancy at age 60) than in the US (around 2 years). However, when analyzing differences in the effect among different socioeconomic strata, we observe greater gaps between low-educated and high-educated people in the US than in Mexico. Remarkably, despite the fact that the relative probability of suffering obesity-related disease among individuals with highest BMI is larger for the US elderly, the relative risk of dying conditional on experiencing these diseases is higher in Mexico. 1180 Observatory Drive Rm. 4412
Diagnosis and Treatment of Obesity among Mexican Adults
Obesity Facts, 2012
Objectives: To quantify the access to diagnosis and treatment of obesity and intentional weight loss among obese adults in Mexico and to identify the sociodemographic factors related to these events. Methods: The 2006 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Surveyrepresentative of the adults aged 20 to 64 years -was analyzed. Whether people had received diagnosis and treatment from health professionals and whether they had intentional weight loss were explored. The independent variables were: sex, age, socioeconomic position, locality size, and body weight perception. Analyses were carried out for obese people only (BMI 6 30 kg/m 2 , N = 8,545). Results: Among obese people, just 20.2% were diagnosed with such condition, only 8.0% undertook treatment, and barely 5.6% had lost weight intentionally. Individuals with a higher BMI, older individuals, people with higher education, those living in wealthier households, and those living in metropolitan areas were more likely to receive diagnosis and treatment for obesity. Women and people who had been diagnosed as obese were more likely to lose weight. Conclusion: There is an urgent need to increase access to diagnosis and treatment of obesity in Mexico, particularly for men and for lower socioeconomic groups.
Obesity and excess mortality among the elderly in the United States and Mexico
Demography, 2010
Increasing levels of obesity could compromise future gains in life expectancy in low-and high-income countries. Although excess mortality associated with obesity and, more generally, higher levels of body mass index (BMI) have been investigated in the United States, there is little research about the impact of obesity on mortality in Latin American countries, where very the rapid rate of growth of prevalence of obesity and overweight occur jointly with poor socioeconomic conditions. The aim of this article is to assess the magnitude of excess mortality due to obesity and overweight in Mexico and the United States. For this purpose, we take advantage of two comparable data sets: the Health and Retirement Study 2000 and 2004 for the United States, and the Mexican Health and Aging Study 2001 and 2003 for Mexico. We find higher excess mortality risks among obese and overweight individuals aged 60 and older in Mexico than in the United States. Yet, when analyzing excess mortality among different socioeconomic strata, we observe greater gaps by education in the United States than in Mexico. We also find that although the probability of experiencing obesity-related chronic diseases among individuals with high BMI is larger for the U. S. elderly, the relative risk of dying conditional on experiencing these diseases is higher in Mexico.
Salud Pública de …
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of obesity and its association with socioeconomic factors and comorbidities in a population-based study. Material and Methods: Data were examined from 4 605 persons ages 60 and older that participated in the 2001 Mexican Health and Aging Study, conducted in rural and urban communities in Mexico. The prevalence of obesity (according to self-reported weight and height) was obtained, stratified by age, and logistic regression was used to study cross-sectional associations between obesity and socioeconomic factors. Results: Of the population studied, 20.9% were classified as obese and the prevalence diminishes with age. Overall, women were more likely than men to be obese. Lower educational level was associated with lower risk of overweight. In both men and women, obesity was more common between subjects with hypertension (OR 1.38 and 1.71, respectively) and long-distance walk limitation (OR 2.08 and 2.21, respectively). Conclusion. In older Mexican adults, hypertension and long-distance walk limitation were independent associated factors for higher prevalence of obesity.