Correlation Between Sagittal Plane Curvature of the Upright Human Spine and Postural Stability in Adults (original) (raw)
Related papers
2014
Introduction There is a lack of published research investigating the relationship between thoracic hyperkyphosis and postural balance, both of which are independent contributory factors to falls in older people. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the relationship between spinal curvature and postural sway in the frontal and sagittal planes. A secondary aim was to examine the difference in each of the variables over a period of 15 minutes. Materials and Methods A Microscribe 3DX Digitiser was used to measure back shape and a Kistler Force Plate calculated postural sway values. A convenience sample of 25 healthy young adults, aged 20-32 years was recruited. Each participant stood on the force plate for 15 minutes. Back shape measurements and a 30 second force plate reading were taken at the start and again at 15 minutes. Results A significant positive correlation was found between lumbar lordosis and antero-posterior sway measured at the start (r[24]=0.398, p<0.05). The ...
2014
Introduction There is a lack of published research investigating the relationship between thoracic hyperkyphosis and postural balance, both of which are independent contributory factors to falls in older people. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the relationship between spinal curvature and postural sway in the frontal and sagittal planes. A secondary aim was to examine the difference in each of the variables over a period of 15 minutes. Materials and Methods A Microscribe 3DX Digitiser was used to measure back shape and a Kistler Force Plate calculated postural sway values. A convenience sample of 25 healthy young adults, aged 20-32 years was recruited. Each participant stood on the force plate for 15 minutes. Back shape measurements and a 30 second force plate reading were taken at the start and again at 15 minutes. Results A significant positive correlation was found between lumbar lordosis and antero-posterior sway measured at the start (r[24]=0.398, p<0.05). The change in mediolateral sway over 15 minutes was also significantly different (Z=-2.435, p<0.05). No other statistically significant correlations were found but a number of general trends were seen between spinal angles and postural sway in both planes. Discussion Whilst a larger sample is required to investigate the aims further, this research has demonstrated that back shape and postural sway values have the potential to be used to identify those at risk of falling. Those identified could be referred to necessary balance and falls rehabilitation classes. Conclusion If relationships between back shape and postural sway are already present in asymptomatic young adults it is reasonable to hypothesize that in older and very old adults these relationships will be even more marked. Further larger scale studies on asymptomatic older adults are needed to further evaluate this hypothesis.
Kinesiology
The aim of this study was to compare the thoracic and lumbar curvatures and pelvic tilt in relaxed standing and maximal trunk flexion among highly-trained young athletes from three different sports disciplines. Thirty-two male canoeists, 30 male kayakers and 24 male tennis players were recruited for the study. The Spinal Mouse® system was used to measure the thoracic and lumbar sagittal spinal curvatures and pelvic tilt in relaxed standing and maximal trunk flexion in sitting with flexed (McRae & Wright test) and extended knees (sit-and-reach test). Significant differences were found in maximal trunk flexion tests among athletes. Kayakers and canoeists showed increased anterior pelvic tilt compared to tennis players in the McRae & Wright (p<.01) and decreased posterior pelvic tilt in the sit-and-reach (p<.001) tests; however, canoeists had increased posterior pelvic tilt compared to kayakers in the sit-and-reach test (p<.01). Canoeists had increased thoracic kyphosis curvat...
PeerJ, 2021
Background Outdoor fitness training has become popular as a tool for improving the health, especially middle-aged and older adults. For this purpose, outdoor fitness equipment (OFE) have been installed in public areas. However, their safety and effectiveness are still unknown. The aim of the present research was to analyze the sagittal disposition of the spine and pelvic tilt during the use of OFE, and to determine the influence of anthropometric variables on these factors in middle-aged and older adults. Methods Seventy healthy volunteers, 56 women and 14 men (age: 63.14 ± 8.19 years) participated in the study. Sagittal spine disposition and pelvic tilt were measured using a Spinal Mouse®, in the relaxed standing position, and during the use of the OFE. In addition, kinanthropometry variables were also measured according to the guidelines of the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry. Results Regarding thoracic kyphosis, a significant decrease was found in th...
Journal of applied biomechanics, 2011
This aim was to examine differences on lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis in standing position by gender, age and weight status in healthy subjects using a noninvasive method. A total of 297 women (36.6 ± 7.3 years) and 362 men (39.8 ± 7.5 years) participated in this study. Participants were categorized according to the international BMI (kg/m2) cut-off points. Age was stratified by ten years increments starting from 20 y. Men showed smaller lumbar lordosis (17.3 ± 9.3) and larger thoracic kyphosis (42.8 ± 8.8°) than women (29.6 ± 11.3 and 40.4 ± 9.5° respectively; both p < .001). Older groups presented smaller lumbar lordosis and larger thoracic kyphosis values compared with the 20-29 y group (20.9 ± 10.4, 20.8 ± 11.2 and 23.6 ± 12.6° for ≥ 50, 40-49 and 30-39 y, respectively vs. 26.7 ± 12.2° for 20-29 y in lumbar lordosis and 42.6 ± 9.8, 42.61 ± 8.7 and 41.8 ± 8.9° for ≥ 50, 40-49 and 30-39 y, respectively vs. 37.5 ± 10.9° for 20-29 y in thoracic kyphosis; both p < .05). ...
Introduction Dynamic stabilization in degenerative spondylolisthesis is a relatively new concept and has been designed to overcome the negative effects of spinal fusion, i.e. increase in spine stiffness, chronic back pain and acceleration of degenerative process at the adjacent levels. To our knowledge and to date, this is the first systematic review presenting the results of an evaluation of the clinical effectiveness of dynamic stabilization devices in patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis as the sole diagnosis. Materials and methods A detailed search was conducted through several databases (up to February 2013): MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMED, British Nursing Index, SPORTDiscus, EMBASE and Journals@Ovid; an extensive handsearch, including grey literature and reference lists of the articles was conducted. The methodological assessment was performed by two reviewers using the McMaster University framework. Results The search identified a total of 493 titles. Ten studies were included in the final review of which only one was a randomized controlled trial. The reported validated clinical outcome measures were: Oswestry Disability Index, Short Form-36, Visual Analogue Score for back and leg pain and Patient Satisfaction Index. Each study reported a statistically significant improvement of the outcome measures. Conclusion Although the results of dynamic stabilization in degenerative spondylolisthesis are encouraging, the authors cannot safely recommend the use of these devices to the general population as yet due to the moderate methodological quality of the included primary papers. The authors recommend that future research should include properly designed randomized controlled studies, preferably multi-centred, demonstrating solid methodology. How the Intervention Might Work Two classes of dynamic stabilizers have been designed:
2011
Among the deformities of the spine in sagittal plane, kyphosis is one of the most important cases in the study of postural control from the mechanical standpoint Because The smallest deviation of upper limb, that is almost 60 percent of total body weight in standing position, causes Displacement of body center of mass to forward And finally will Causes weaker balance performance in kyphotic individuals compare to healthy one. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of three non-invasive and active methods on static and dynamic balance of kyphotic adolescents. Thirty five male subjects [age: 12 ± 0.31 years]; height: [148.17 ± 7.31 cm]; body weight: [39.56 ± 8.05 kg] and Kyphosis angle: [52.85 ± 4.40 degree] participate in this study. The subjects divided in to three intervention groups (n=27) and a control group (n=8) after pre-test accomplishment. There was no significant difference among four groups in the BMI and kyphosis angle variables (p>0.05). The compariso...
Effect of Body Physique on Lordotic and kyphotic angles in Healthy Subjects
International Journal of Therapies and Rehabilitation Research
Background/aim: The lumbar spine in the healthy adults typically exhibit about 20° to 70° of lordosis, while normal thoracic kyphosis is in the range of 20° to 50°. Because of the wide range of values for kyphosis and lordosis in normal individuals, there is no absolute value that can be considered "normal". The thoracic kyphosis angle increases with age and the increase is greater in females than males. Normal females had higher thoracic and lumbar curvatures than normal male, also normal female had higher lumbar spine ROM than normal males while there was no significant difference between normal females and males regarding thoracic spine ROM. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare postural parameters between the three types of body physique in healthy subjects. Material and methods: Sixty healthy subjects participated in this study. Their age ranged from 17-25 years and their body mass index was ˂30 kg\m2.They were assigned into three groups. Group A was the endomorph group, group B was the mesomorph group) and group C was the ectomorph group. The assessment of the Lordotic and kyphotic angles were applied for the three groups by the same physiotherapist. Results: Lordotic angle ITL-ILS (max) in males showed a significant increase in endomorph (46.75 ̊ 3.89) than ectomorph and mesomorph (31.4 ̊ 1.73) (35.25 ̊ 1.48) respectively, while it showed no significant difference in females. Conclusion: We suggest that this description of the physiological spinal postural parameters should help in predicting musculoskeletal conditions to which each body physique may be prone, so before a patient with spinal abnormality is treated, his body physique needs to be taken into account.
Interrater reliability of flexicurve postural measures among novice users
The purpose of this study was to establish the interrater reliability of the flexicurve when used by novice testers to measure thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis in a community-based population. Three graduate students independently measured 51 healthy women (aged 21 to 88 years). The flexicurve was molded to the contour of the spine and traced onto a plain piece of paper to calculate the Index of Kyphosis (IK) and Index of Lordosis (IL). Subjects were measured while standing in their usual relaxed posture and again in their maximally erect posture. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to determine the reliability among the three testers. IK measures were more reliable than IL measures with ICCs of 0.94 and 0.93 for the relaxed and erect postures, respectively. ICCs for the IL were 0.60 when relaxed and 0.73 when maximally erect. Greater variability in the lumbar measures may be attributed to difficulty in conforming the flexicurve to the smaller, concave curvature of the lumbar spine and interference from some subject's clothing. Nevertheless, these findings indicate good reliability for flexicurve measures of thoracic kyphosis and support the use of this measurement when documenting clinical changes in posture or identifying postural abnormalities in community-based screenings.
Journal of Physical Therapy Science
To explore the relationship between functional outcome measurements of spinal mobility, static balance and functional performance. [Participants and Methods] Fifty two healthy participants aged between 18-36 years participated. Spinal mobility included forward bending and side bending. Balance was tested via maintaining single-leg stance position with eyes open and with eyes closed. Functional testing included five times squat to stand, walking on heels and walking on tiptoes. [Results] Two-way mixed intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) consistency model average measure (ICC 3,K) for single-leg standing with the eyes are open and closed was excellent (0.85) and very good (0.79) respectively. Mean forward spinal mobility score of the recreationally active group (M= 3.3 ± 5.7) was significantly lower (M= 9.5 ± 10.5) than inactive group. Regarding five times squat to stand, the mean score of the recreationally active group (10.4 ± 4.3) was not significantly different from the mean of the recreationally inactive group (9.5 ± 2.6). [Conclusion] Walking on heels significantly took more time and perceived with more exertion than tiptoes walking. Also, standing on one leg was harder when eyes are closed. Recreationally active had shown significant forward mobility but no difference between sidebending mobility. The relationships between different outcome measures need to be furtherly explored.