Samā-Dawarān Debates Between Qādīzādelis and Halwatīs and Analysis of the Reasons Underlying the Anti- Dawarān of Qādīzādelis in Terms of Their Sectarian-Sufistic Belongings (original) (raw)

2021, DergiPark (Istanbul University)

The samā and the dawarān which have been a ritual by various sufi schools that have existed in the Ottoman state since its foundation, have been among he most discussed issues between the ulama and mashāyikh, especially since the 15th century. In terms of the opinions expressed, it is possible to divide the ulama and mashāyıkh on this issue into two as those who defend the religious legitimacy of dawarān al-sūfiya and those who claim that it is not permissible. The first of these groups is mostly mashāyikh and the second is the ulama. The aforementioned discussions have increased since the beginnig of the 16th century and continued until the 17th century. Some sects such as Halwatī and Mawlawī sects were adversely affected by these disputes due to their adoption of vocal dhikr. On the one hand, various books that reveal the legitimacy of the dawarān were written upon the discussion, on the other hand some works of rejection of these books were written. The works written on this subject have formed a samā-dawarān literature over time. In the 17th century the discussion started again with some radical attitudes and thoughts of the Qādī-zādelīs movement, which was shaped around the thoughts of Qādī-zāde Mehmed Efendi (d. 1045/1635). With the opposition of Halwatī mashāyıkh to them, a number of pros and cons were writen on the subject. So in this study, the historical course of discussions between the Qādī-zādelīs and the Sivāsīs was handled and the works written by the either party on the subject and the views they put forward were conveyed. In addition, the denominational and mystical reasons underlying the samā-dawarān of the Qādī-zādelīs were questioned.

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