Bovine abortion, stillbirth and neonatal death associated with Babesia bovis and Anaplasma sp. infections in southern Brazil (original) (raw)
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Babesiosis and anaplasmosis in dairy cattle in Northeastern Brazil
Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, 2013
The goal of this study was to characterize the epidemiological situation and the factors involved in the prevalence of babesiosis and anaplasmosis in cattle in the dairy basin of Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil. The study was conducted in 22 farms, and collected blood samples from 202 cattle to study serological, molecular and determination of the packed cell volume (PCV). On the farms were applied surveys involving epidemiological aspects. Seroprevalence rates were: Babesia bigemina 52.5%, B. bovis 68.8%, and Anaplasma marginale 89.1%. Of the samples analyzed, 73.3% were reactive for Babesia spp. and A. marginale, showing co-infection. In PCR, B. bigemina and B. bovis were positive in 52.0% and 33.2% respectively, and A. marginale in 76.2%. Of these, 51.5% amplified DNA of Babesia spp. and A. marginale. The semi-intensive management predominated in 68.0% of the farms studied. The clinical history of babesiosis and anaplasmosis, was reported from 73% of the farms. There was no significant d...
Seroepidemiology of bovine anaplasmosis and babesiosis in Venezuela
Tropical Animal Health and Production, 1985
The serological prevalence of bovine anaplasmosis and babesiosis in the Centro-Occidental region of Venezuela was determined using the indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) and latex agglutination (LAT) tests. Anaplasma marginale IFA and LAT prevalence rates were 57.7 and 48.6% respectively for cattle of all-ages and breeds. The respective prevalence of IFA activity to B. bigemina and B. bovis was 78.2 and 38.8%. The LA T test specific only for Babesia spp. revealed that 61.4% of the animals tested were serologically positive for Babe sia parasites. Anaplasma marginale and B.. bigemina organisms were detected in peripheral blood smears of 21.1 and 7.5% respectively of cattle surveyed. A longitudinal survey of antibody activity and incidence of parasitaemia for Anaplasma and Babesia infections was conducted in two groups of.calves from their birth to seven months of age. The animals generally experienced infections between three and four months of age the period subsequent to decline in colostral antibody levels. Seroepidemiological data are considered in the formulation of proposed vaccination regimens for anaplasmosis and babesiosis.
Bovine Babesiosis and Anaplasmosis in some Cattle Farms in the Vina Division
International Journal of Livestock Research, 2017
Cattle infection with Babesiosis and Anaplasmosis like other Tick Borne Diseases (TBDs) is common in the Vina Division of the Adamaoua region of Cameroon. In this present investigation, cattle were diagnosed using the Giemsa staining technique of the following TBDs in various proportions: Babesia bovis (24.1%), Babesia bigemina (4.84%), Anaplasma marginale (62.0%) and Anaplasma centrale (53.5%). The overall mixed genera (Babesia + Anaplasma) infection prevalence was 24.4% and was less than single infections (Babesia spp or Anaplasma spp) with no significant difference (P˃0.05). It was observed that the use of an acaricide whatever the mode of application seems to significantly reduce the infestation with ticks, but had no effect on the prevalence of tick-borne blood parasites. Young animals were more susceptible to the diagnosed blood parasites, anemia and polyparasitism than their adult counterparts. Hematocrit was lower in traditional management scheme and can be attributed to the likely presence of heavy infection doses of blood parasites during the study. The application of acaricide is recommended to reduce the infestation with ticks, thereby improving the health of animals. Similarly a control strategy against these parasites and their vectors should not be neglected in the Vina Division.
Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 1994
The relationships between the seroprevalences of Anaplasma rnarginale, Babesia bigemina, Babesia bovis and some selected factors were assessed. Factors studied were age, breed, herd size, farm size, rotational grazing schedule, grass variety and acaricide usage. These relationships were analyzed in 39 herds belonging to a Livestock Information System developed by the School of Veterinary Medicine: 23 dairy farms ( 1352 animals ), eight cow-calf and eight dual purpose farms (2204 animals) from different ecological areas in Costa Rica. Using random-effect logistic regression as analytical method, the following risk factors were found: season (rainy), age (over 1 year) and dipping interval (30 days) for the seroprevalence ofA. marginale, B. bigemina and B. bovis in the dairy farms. On the other hand, in beef and dual purpose cattle, breed (Bos taurus), age (over 1 year) and season (rainy) were detected as risk factors for the seroprevalence of A. marginale and season (dry), age (less than 1 year) and breed (Bos taurus) for seroprevalence ofbabesiosis.
Epidemiology of bovine anaplasmosis and babesiosis in Costa Rica
Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 1994
A serum bank created by the National Brucellosis Control Program during 1991 consisted of approximately 4000 sera collected from farms in each of the seven provinces in Costa Rica. Sera were used to determine the prevalence of antibodies directed against Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis in Costa Rica and to study some geographical, ecological and management factors which could influence the epidemiology of the infection. The overall seroprevalence in bovines was 72.4%, 55.4% and 54.1% forA. marginale, B. bigemina and B. bovis, respectively. The Moran's index or spatial autocorrelation coefficient, which tests the significance of geographical patterns in disease distribution, indicated two foci of seropositivity in the country for B. bovis: one located mainly in the dry tropical forest and the other located in the tropical moist forest. Suggested foci were corroborated by a risk assessment using the random effects models.
Parasite Epidemiology and Control, 2019
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of three common hemoparasites (Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina) in cattle from 16 counties in the Campos de Lages region, Santa Catarina state, Brazil, and the factors affecting disease occurrence. The study population consisted of 257 clinically healthy animals from 21 rural farms. Bovine blood samples were collected by jugular venipuncture. DNA was extracted from whole blood by the phenol/ chloroform method. Genomic DNA extracted from blood samples was subjected to Multiplex PCR for screening of B. bovis, B. bigemina, and A. marginale using specific primers. Prevalences of A. marginale, B. bigemina, and B. bovis were 27%, 16%, and 29%, respectively. Mixed infection was observed in 17.5% of samples. The most frequent was Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina in 6.62% of samples. A. marginale infection rates were statistically correlated with age groups of cattle. The infections detected in the study population were considered to be subclinical, based on the presence pathogen DNA and absence of clinical symptoms. Seasonality of the pathogens resulted in various degrees of infection, related to the age of the animals and the season. The Campos de Lages region is characterized by enzootic instability for these pathogens because of its climatic and geographic features.
Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, 2020
The objective of this study was to obtain data on the occurrence of Babesia bigemina e Anaplasma marginale in cattle with characteristic clinical signs of the disease, in different properties in western Santa Catarina. For this, 149 blood sample were collected and slides smears were done and the staining with the Romanowsky kind dye subsequently. Of the 149 samples surveyed, 78 (52.35%) were positive for A. marginale, 04 (2.68%) for B. bigemina, and 03 (2.01%) samples showed co-infection. All described cases occurred in adult animals, from two years old, with Holstein females the highest occurrence represented 119/149 (79.86%). Regarding the presence of ectoparasites, hematophagous flies were observed in all properties and ticks in 58/149 (38.92%) animals. The results showed a higher occurrence of A. marginale, evidencing the need to seek strategies of control and prevention by the veterinary professionals, especially in moments of greater occurrence of the vectors. The confirmation...
Description of lesions in cattle in a natural outbreak of Babesia bovis infection in Brazil
Veterinary Parasitology, 1982
This paper describes the pathologic features of a natural infection by Babesia bovis (B. argentina) in Brazil. Microscopic examination of cerebrum, midbrain, cerebellum, liver, kidney, heart and spleen of five fatal cases revealed variable degrees of congestion, particularly in the brain, liver and kidney. The packing of erythrocytes, the majority of which were parasitized, was most marked in the capillaries of brain, kidney and less in liver. Lymphocytic glomerulonephritis was observed. Variable degrees of fatty degeneration were noted in the liver, distention of hepatic canaliculi and biliary retention was marked. A strong activation of the mononuclear phagocytic system was evident in all the subjects studied.