Dairy Product Components and Weight Regulation: Symposium Overview (original) (raw)
2003, Journal of Nutrition
The area of dairy product components and weight regulation is attracting increasing interest with the rapid rise in related publications. The collection of reviews and original research in this symposium add to our understanding and potential impact of dairy products on the incidence of obesity and insulin resistance. Barr begins the symposium with a retrospective review of a number of dairy product and calcium supplementation trials conducted for reasons other than body weight or body composition (e.g., skeletal endpoints, blood pressure endpoints) (Barr 2002). This report exemplifies potential reasons that the relationship between calcium intake and changes in weight or body fat has not been previously observed. Calcium intake or calcium supplementation alone as the independent variable is unlikely to demonstrate the effects on weight because calorie intake must also be factored into the model. This is shown in the analysis by Lin et al. (2000), in which the relationship of calcium intake to changes in body fat is obscured unless calcium corrected for calories is used as the independent variable. In addition, many of the trials analyzed by Barr were completed in normal weight individuals whose weight was stable, given that these factors are often inclusionary criteria for studies designed with bone as the endpoint. The impact of calcium or dairy products may well be greatest in individuals whose adipocyte status is changing, such as during weight loss
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