Intrinsic magnetism and hyperthermia in bioactive Fe-doped hydroxyapatite (original) (raw)
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Journal of Nanobiotechnology, 2012
Background: Superparamagnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been progressively explored for their potential in biomedical applications and in particular as a contrast agent for diagnostic imaging, for magnetic drug delivery and more recently for tissue engineering applications. Considering the importance of having safe MNPs for such applications, and the essential role of iron in bone remodelling, this study developed and analysed novel biocompatible and bioreabsorbable superparamagnetic nanoparticles, that avoid the use of poorly tolerated magnetite based nanoparticles, for bone tissue engineering applications. Results: MNPs were obtained by doping hydroxyapatite (HA) with Fe ions, by directly substituting Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ into the HA structure yielding superparamagnetic bioactive phase. In the current study, we have investigated the effects of increasing concentrations (2000 μg/ml; 1000 μg/ml; 500 μg/ml; 200 μg/ml) of FeHA MNPs in vitro using Saos-2 human osteoblast-like cells cultured for 1, 3 and 7 days with and without the exposure to a static magnetic field of 320 mT. Results demonstrated not only a comparable osteoblast viability and morphology, but increased in cell proliferation, when compared to a commercially available Ha nanoparticles, even with the highest dose used. Furthermore, FeHA MNPs exposure to the static magnetic field resulted in a significant increase in cell proliferation throughout the experimental period, and higher osteoblast activity. In vivo preliminary results demonstrated good biocompatibility of FeHA superparamagnetic material four weeks after implantation into a critical size lesion of the rabbit condyle.
2018
Cancer is regarded as the disease that killed more people in the last decade, with a number of victims which increase every year. Beneath all possible forms of it, in this work the focus is put on bone cancer, not so common but still accounting a large number of victims. Several investigations are nowadays performed to increase the chances of detection and prevention, this being always the best way to deal with cancer cells. However, it is not always easy to detect and sometimes medical intervention to cure the pathology is needed. For this reason, a big branch of research is focus on the discovery of new medical solution able to deal with different kind of cancer. For what concerns bone cancer, one of the main investigated cure deals with hyperthermia treatment. This treatment relies on cancer cells weaker resistance to high temperature and x-rays when compared to viable one. In fact with a permanence of a temperature higher than 42°C enzymatic process that keep cells alive stop wo...
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 2010
Our purpose was obtaining and characterizing a complex composite system with multifunctional role: bone graft material and hyperthermia generator necessary for bone cancer therapy. The designed system was a magnetite enriched collagen/hydroxyapatite composite material, obtained by a co-precipitation method. Due to the applied electromagnetic field the magnetite will induce hyperthermia and cause tumoral cell apoptosis. The complex bone graft system was characterised by XRD, FTIR and SEM, while the hyperthermia was quantify by measuring the temperature increase due to the applied alternative electromagnetical field.
Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 2013
In biomedicine, magnetic nanoparticles provide some attractive possibilities because they possess peculiar physical properties that permit their use in a wide range of applications. The concept of magnetic guidance basically spans from drug delivery and hyperthermia treatment of tumours, to tissue engineering, such as magneto-mechanical stimulation/activation of cell constructs and mechanosensitive ion channels, magnetic cell-seeding procedures, and controlled cell proliferation and differentiation. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to develop fully biodegradable and magnetic nanocomposite substrates for bone tissue engineering by embedding iron-doped hydroxyapatite (FeHA) nanoparticles in a poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) matrix. X-ray diffraction analyses enabled the demonstration that the phase composition and crystallinity of the magnetic FeHA were not affected by the process used to develop the nanocomposite substrates. The mechanical characterization performed through small pu...
Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 2013
In biomedicine, magnetic nanoparticles provide some attractive possibilities because they possess peculiar physical properties that permit their use in a wide range of applications. The concept of magnetic guidance basically spans from drug delivery and hyperthermia treatment of tumours, to tissue engineering, such as magneto-mechanical stimulation/activation of cell constructs and mechanosensitive ion channels, magnetic cell-seeding procedures, and controlled cell proliferation and differentiation. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to develop fully biodegradable and magnetic nanocomposite substrates for bone tissue engineering by embedding iron-doped hydroxyapatite (FeHA) nanoparticles in a poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) matrix. X-ray diffraction analyses enabled the demonstration that the phase composition and crystallinity of the magnetic FeHA were not affected by the process used to develop the nanocomposite substrates. The mechanical characterization performed through small pu...
PLoS ONE, 2012
In case of degenerative disease or lesion, bone tissue replacement and regeneration is an important clinical goal. In particular, nowadays, critical size defects rely on the engineering of scaffolds that are 3D structural supports, allowing cellular infiltration and subsequent integration with the native tissue. Several ceramic hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds with high porosity and good osteointegration have been developed in the past few decades but they have not solved completely the problems related to bone defects. In the present study we have developed a novel porous ceramic composite made of HA that incorporates magnetite at three different ratios: HA/Mgn 95/5, HA/Mgn 90/10 and HA/Mgn 50/ 50. The scaffolds, consolidated by sintering at high temperature in a controlled atmosphere, have been analysed in vitro using human osteoblast-like cells. Results indicate high biocompatibility, similar to a commercially available HA bone graft, with no negative effects arising from the presence of magnetite or by the use of a static magnetic field. HA/Mgn 90/10 was shown to enhance cell proliferation at the early stage. Moreover, it has been implanted in vivo in a critical size lesion of the rabbit condyle and a good level of histocompatibility was observed. Such results identify this scaffold as particularly relevant for bone tissue regeneration and open new perspectives for the application of a magnetic field in a clinical setting of bone replacement, either for magnetic scaffold fixation or magnetic drug delivery.
Synthesis of Superparamagnetic Hydroxyapatite Core-Shell Nanostructure by a Rapid Sol-Gel Route
Magnetic transportation of therapeutic agents to the infected site in the body promises a superb platform for cancer treatment. To increase the safety profile and to stay clear from the agglomeration issue, core shell structure of magnetite-hydroxyapatite (Fe3O4-HAp) nanoparticles was developed. Fe3O4 as the core was synthesised by co-precipitation method which then coated with HAp layer through the sol-gel technique to maintain its high crystalline property. Optimum process parameters were applied during the fabrication process to yield small nanocomposites. The results show that HAp retained its phase purity and molecular structure even with the addition of Fe3O4 as analysed by XRD and FTIR. The FESEM and TEM micrographs show a magnificent monodispersed distribution of functionalised Fe3O4-HAp nanoparticles with the size of around 36 nm. EDXRF result confirmed the Ca/P ratio of 1.63, close to the value of main inorganic material of human bones (HAp) and possessed the superparamagnetic properties with saturation magnetisation of 23.274 emu/g as displayed by VSM curves. Thus, the dual affinity of the magnetic Fe3O4 and excellent biocompatibility HAp offer a synergetic effect as the drug or gene delivery vehicle to stealthy localize in infection site.
Development of Magnetically Active Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration
Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2018
This work reports on the synthesis, with the thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique, of poly (l-lactide) (PLLA) scaffolds containing Fe-doped hydroxyapatite (FeHA) particles for bone regeneration. Magnetization curves and X-ray diffraction indicate two magnetic particle phases: FeHA and magnetite Fe₃O₄. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are approximately 30 ± 5 nm in width and 125 ± 25 nm in length, and show typical ferromagnetic properties, including coercivity and rapid saturation magnetization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the magnetic scaffolds reveal their complex morphology changes with MNP concentration. Similarly, at compositions of approximately 20% MNPs, the phase separation changes, passing from solid⁻liquid to liquid⁻liquid as revealed by the hill-like structures, with low peaks that give the walls in the SEM images a surface pattern of micro-ruggedness typical of nucleation mechanisms and growth. In vitro degradation experiments, carried out for...
Magnetic hydroxyapatite nanocomposites: The advances from synthesis to biomedical applications
Materials & Design, 2021
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Journal of Materials Science, 2012
Hydroxyapatite (HA), the main inorganic component of natural bones, is widely studied as a biomaterial due to its excellent biocompatibility and osteoinductivity. The crystal structure of HA lends itself to a wide variety of substitutions and ion doping, which allows for tailoring of material properties. In this study, iron-doped HA was synthesized via a simple ion-exchange procedure and characterized thoroughly for crystal structure and phase purity using X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Magnetic properties were studied using vibrating sample magnetometer and superconducting quantum interference device analysis. Ion-exchange was attempted using both ferric and ferrous chloride iron solutions, but a substitution was only achieved using ferric chloride solution. The results showed that after iron substitution the powder retained characteristic apatite crystal structure and functional groups, but the iron-doped samples displayed paramagnetic properties, as opposed to the diamagnetism of pure HA. The effect of soaking time on iron content was also examined, and collectively X-ray diffraction and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy results suggested that an increase in soaking time led to an increase in iron content in the sample powder. Iron-substituted HA nanoparticles, a biomaterial with magnetic properties, could be a promising biomaterial to be used in a variety of biomedical fields, including magnetic imaging, drug delivery, or hyperthermia-based cancer treatments.