Breaking Operations of a Vacuum Test Interrupter Setup Using a Common Servo Drive With Belt Transmission (original) (raw)
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Vacuum circuit breaker technology based on double-break vacuum interrupters has become the most requirements of high voltage circuit breakers that not environmentally harmful. The vacuum interrupter has an excellent ability to deal with the steep rising part of the transient recovery voltage, which makes it faster in the current interruption process. This paper presents results of computer simulations conditioned by capacitive currents switching-offs by using single and double interrupters of vacuum circuit breakers. These results demonstrate that use of double-break circuit breakers leads to notable decreasing of switching overvoltages and allows in the same time to meet the dielectric requirements for high voltage vacuum circuit breakers
Development of High-Voltage Vacuum Circuit Breakers in China
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2007
This paper introduces a research work on the development of high-voltage (HV) vacuum circuit breakers (VCBs) in China from its start point 1989 to 2006. In this period, a 126-kV two breaks VCB prototype and a 126-kV single break VCB prototype were developed. A latest 252-kV single break interrupter prototype is introduced. Five HV VCBs technologies are discussed, which include HV vacuum insulation, high current interrupting technology with long contact gaps, increasing nominal current, operating mechanism characteristics, and contact bouncing damping. In vacuum insulation, adding a metal ring at electrode back can decrease breakdown possibilities in the gap between the electrode back and main shield. Surface melting layer of contact material could have influence on voltage withstanding capability of a vacuum gap. For interrupting high current with long contact gaps, strong axial magnetic field (AMF) is needed for a better vacuum arc control. Therefore, a single coil AMF electrode is introduced. Heat radiators are effective to increase nominal current of VCBs. Thermal analysis can help to give appropriate design parameters. There is an optimum opening characteristic that is helpful to improve the interrupting performance of VCBs. Permanent magnet operating mechanism and spring-type operating mechanism are suitable for HV VCBs. Contact bouncing in HV VCBs can be damped by installing contact spring and bellows on stationary end of VCBs. Index Terms-High voltage (HV), vacuum arc, vacuum circuit breakers (VCBs), vacuum interrupter (VI). I. INTRODUCTION R ESEARCH work on vacuum switch and vacuum arc in China started from 1958 [1]. Vacuum circuit breaker (VCB) is popular in medium voltage breaker market in China. As an example, VCB occupied 98.85% of 12-kV circuit breaker market in China in 2004 [2]. VCBs are also stepping into higher voltage field in China. In 1989, a research team was set up to develop highvoltage (HV) VCB in China. This team included Xi'an Jiaotong University, Beijing Switchgear Factory, and Beijing Dongfang Vacuum Tube Factory. A two-break 126-kV/1250-A/31.5-kA VCB prototype was developed by this team [3]. In 2003, a new research team was set up to develop a 126-kV single Manuscript
Double Break Vacuum Circuit Breaker – A Brief Overview
— In Modern Medium Voltage Electric Power system, Vacuum Interrupters are trusted as most reliable, cost efficient & compact devices used for Switching; whereas SF 6 circuit breakers are most popular in High Voltage / Extra High Voltage / Ultra High Voltage range of Electric Power System. However, Kyoto Summit in 1997 classified SF 6 as potential green house gas due to its longer life span (more than 3200 years). Although it is irreplaceable as an arc quenching medium in High Voltage Switchgear in present scenario, an attempt should be made to reduce its consumption & emission in atmosphere. This necessitates extension of Voltage Range for Vacuum Circuit Breakers up to the High Voltage / Extra High Voltage and Ultra High Voltage Levels in upcoming future. While making current interruption safer for human's future generation, use of these VCBs provides an amenity of simple construction, easier maintenance, and consequently longer operational life of the device. This paper overviews the necessity of series connected vacuum switchgear, it also states advantages of multiple breaks over single break and the main focus shall be on voltage distribution across two VIs in a double break vacuum circuit breaker. Keywords—Vacuum Interruptor, Double Break Vacuum Circuit Breaker, Voltage Distribution Ratio
American Journal of Information Science and Technology, 2018
Parameters of a vacuum interrupter are essential. Although most of researchers and industries are involving metallurgy by using a refractory materials "alloys" electroplates for vacuum interrupter for the sake of sustainable materials against both arcing current, chopping currents and disruptive over voltages. This paper addresses the description of all parameters and evaluates switching processing times for three circuit breakers, VD4 /ABB Vacuum type 6.6KV/1500A/20KV/40KV-IEC60-071 " for maximum switching times 2.7ms". Three synchronous generators 6.6KV/8MW each have been connected to three power transformers, rating 6.6KV/1250KVA in refinery power plant.
2020
The main objective of the study is the experimental determination of switching characteristics of the vacuum interrupter phases, which is a crucial part of the high voltage vacuum circuit breaker. Experimental imitative testing is a better method of testing high voltage vacuum circuit breakers. New imitative testing scheme (Vale-Dobker) is designed to test each phase of the vacuum circuit breakers (VCB) in different ranges of high voltage to achieve maximum performance. Experimental study reveals that the Vale-Dobker scheme is better than others. A new imitative method for testing the vacuum circuit breaker has been presented. To determine its switching characteristics, the imitative test circuit by Vale-Dobker was applied, forming on the test object a fault current ranging from 1 to 10 kA and a transient recovery voltage across the contacts of the vacuum chamber up to 20 kV. The results confirm that the imitative controlled switching testing can suppress the current and overvoltage, thus fundamentally improving the efficiency and system safety. Index Terms-Vacuum interrupter, switching testing, vacuum circuit breakers, test bench, vacuum circuit breaker.
C I R E D PERFORMANCE OF VACUUM CIRCUIT-BREAKERS WITH CONTACT BOUNCING DURING CLOSING
Bouncing is a phenomenon often experienced during vacuum circuit-breaker (VCB) no-load operations. The effect occurs at the moment the interrupter contacts touch each other during closing. It is anticipated that the bouncing duration is somehow correlated with the oscillatory frequencies of the moving parts of the vacuum interrupter and of the kinematic chain of support and mechanical parts. The influence of bouncing on the capability for short-circuit making and capacitive switching is discussed. It is shown that the no-load bouncing time is not a relevant parameter to predict the performance of a VCB. Therefore it is not useful to set arbitrary limitations on the value of this parameter.
2015
Vacuum interrupters are serving worldwide in distribution circuits, meeting the electrical and mechanical requirements specified in the IEC and / or ANSI standards especially for low and medium voltage applications. Generator circuits require adapted generator circuit breakers and are tested according to ANSI / IEEE C37.013.. Traditionally generator circuit-breakers have been used as huge units based on airor SF6blast interruption technology. Over the last 35 years, the short circuit interruption performance of vacuum interrupters has been dramatically increased due to the continuous development, especially in the view of contact system design and materials. Today it is obvious that also the vacuum interrupter technology can be applied to generator circuit-breakers. A new three-phase vacuum circuit-breaker has been established for the application in generator circuits up to 15 kV-50 kA-4000 A. To reach the required short circuit interruption capability, an improved vacuum interrupte...
A Survey about High-Current Interruptions Results in Resistive Increase of Vacuum Interrupters
2016
The resistance of vacuum interrupters can be calculated from the geometry and resistivity of current carrying parts and the additional resistance of the contact points between movable and fixed contacts. Since vacuum interrupter contacts are designed as flat contacts facing each other, the resistance is mainly determined by contact force, hardness and resistivity of the contact material. It is known that the contact material changes consistency and structure during short-circuit interruptions within melting depth. Indeed, the overall resistance of a vacuum interrupter has been observed to increase by up to 60% after short-circuit making and breaking tests. Since the resistance increase across the switching device is considered by IEC and IEEE standards as one of the acceptance criteria for the integrity of the interrupter after tests, it is essential to understand the origin of this increase. Different causes are discussed, among them the change of grain structure, resistivity and h...