Seeking Optimal Extraction Method for Augmenting Hibiscus sabdariffa Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity (original) (raw)
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ANTIOXIDATIVE ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMISTRY PROFILE OF HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA HERB EXTRACTS
International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2019
Objective: Hibiscus sabdariffa, known as Roselle, is a widely-cultivated herb in Indonesia and has been consumed as an herbal drink due to its medicinal properties. The purpose of this research is to identify the antioxidant activity and phytochemical profile of Hibiscus sabdariffa. Methods: The Hibiscus sabdariffa samples were extracted and macerated with three different organic solvents: ethyl acetate, ethanol, and n-hexane. These extracts were then analyzed using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and phytochemical tests to identify the extracts' secondary metabolites. The extracts' antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Results: The phytochemistry tests were positive for glycosides, alkaloids, steroids, triterpenoids, tannins, and flavonoids. The TLC analysis revealed that the extracts containing two to three organic compounds. The ethanol Hibiscus sabdariffa extracts with an IC50 value 103.63 ppm showed stronger antioxidant activity than the ethyl acetate extract. Conclusion: Ethanol Hibiscus sabdariffa extracts may be a potential source of natural antioxidant.
Antioxidant and Physicochemical Properties of Hibiscus Sabdariffa Extracts from Two Particle Sizes
The effect of average particle sizes (APS: 0.45 and 1.01 mm), solvent types (ST: distilled water, 2% citric acid solution, and 50% ethanol), and extraction times (ET: 40, 50, and 60 min) on the physicochemical properties, antioxidant capacity, and half maximal effective concentration (EC50) in calyces of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) was analyzed. The extracts obtained with distilled water and 2% citric acid solution had an intense red color which purities (C) were 78.5 ± 2.3 and 79.8 ± 2.2, respectively. The alcoholic extracts showed a dark red color (C = 75.9 ± 1.8). The alcoholic (820.2 ± 73.7 mg Trolox equivalents (TE)/100 g dry calyces) and acid extracts (773.34 ± 53.0 mg TE/100 g dry calyces) showed higher antioxidant capacity than the aqueous extracts (673.24 ± 116.0 mg TE/100 g dry calyces). The EC50 value was better for the alcoholic extracts, followed by the 2% citric acid extracts and finally by the aqueous extracts (13.4 ± 1.0, 14.9 ± 1.0, and 17.2 ± 1.2 mg of extract, respectively). According to results, the best antioxidant properties were achieved using an APS of 0.45 mm, 50:50% ethanol:water ratio, and ETs of 30 or 45 min.
Secondary metabolites from Hibiscus sabdariffa have been used to prevent different diseases. Roselle Hibiscus is known for being rich in phenolic bioactive compounds. The extraction conditions are directly related to the chemical composition and then to the overall bioactivity of the extract. In this study, a Box Behnken experimental design has been used to optimize the antioxidant activity, considering four variables: the ethanol:water ratio, the temperature, the extraction time, and the solvent:solid ratio. The experiment comprises 27 experiments and 3 repetitions at the central point. The results are described by surface response analysis and a second-degree polynomial equation. The model explains 87% of the variation in the response. The maximum antioxidant activity is yielded when 1% solids are extracted in 35.5% ethanol at 60°C for 33 min. Finally, a nutritional functional supplement of 495 µmol Trolox Equivalent (TE) antioxidant capacity was prepared with the optimized extract.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2014
Hibiscus sabdariffa has gained attention for its antioxidant activity. There are many accessions of H. sabdariffa in the world. However, information on the quantification of antioxidant compounds in different accessions is rather limited. In this paper, a liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS) method for simultaneous determination of five antioxidant compounds (neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, rutin, and isoquercitrin) in H. sabdariffa leaves was developed. The method was validated for linearity, sensitivity, precision, repeatability and accuracy. The validated method has been successfully applied for determination of the five analytes in eight accessions of H. sabdariffa. The eight accessions of H. sabdariffa were evaluated for their antioxidant activities by DPPH free radical scavenging assay. The investigated accessions of H. sabdariffa were rich in rutin and exhibited strong antioxidant activity. The two acce...
In recent years, research on hibiscus (Hibiscus sabdariffa) calyces has shown that extracts may act as antioxidants, anticancer, and may lessen chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and hypertension. The particle size of powdered plant parts as well as the solidsolvent ratio are significant on the extraction of bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of particle size and type of solvents blend on the physicochemical and phytochemical characteristics of H. sabdariffa extracts. Dried hibiscus calyces were pulverized. A sieve analysis was performed using a Tyler sieving apparatus. Powders of two averages of particle size were selected to be analyzed in their physicochemical (moisture, pH, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity, and water activity (aw) and phytochemicals (anthocyanins and phenols) characteristics. The phytochemical content was evaluated according to a 2x3x3 factorial design: particle size of two averages (0.55±0.016, 0.97±0.034 mm), three solvent blends (water, 2% citric-acid, 50% ethanol), and three times of extraction (30, 45, 60 min). The extraction process was conducted at 50°C in a ratio 1:10 of powder-solvent. No significant difference (P>0.05) was observed for moisture, pH, and titratable acidity of powders. Powder of particle size average (PSA) of 0.55 mm had the lower aw (0.37±0.01) and the higher SST content (5.53±0.05%). Powder with PSA of 0.97 mm had high hue (17.65±0.48) and low purity (18.34±2.22). The extracts from powder of PSA of 0.97 mm showed a more intense red (purity=51.40±1.81) than powder of 0.55 mm (purity=45.55±0.77). The maximum amount of anthocyanins (433.4 mg/100 g) and total phenols (1950.1 mg/100 g) was observed in extract of powder of 0.55 mm obtained with 50% ethanol for 30 min. The particle size average of powder and type of solvent are important variables in the extraction process of anthocyanins and total phenols of hibiscus.
Applied Sciences, 2020
Hibiscus sabdariffa (Roselle) is in high demand worldwide due to its beneficial health properties owing to the polyphenols content, mainly in the flower calyx. The objective of this study was to find the best conditions (time and liquid: solid ratio) to extract polyphenols from Roselle using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) (40 kHz, 180 W), with ethanol how solvent; as well as determine the yield of phenols, anthocyanin, flavonoids, tannins, antioxidant activity (DPPH) and antigenotoxic effect (comet assay). A traditional solid-liquid extraction was applied as a reference. Extraction times of 40 and 60 min resulted in the highest polyphenols (13.019 mg GAE/g dry weight (dw)), flavonoids (4.981 CE/g dw), anthocyanins (1.855 mg Cya3GE/g dw), and tannins (0.745 CE/g dw) recoveries and an antioxidant activity (DPPH) of 74.58%. Extracts from white calyces contained similar amounts of phenols and flavonoids, but very little condensed tannins (0.049 CE/g dw) and practically no anthocya...
CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL STUDY OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. (MALVACEAE)
Life Science Archives, 2019
Hibiscus sabdariffa, popularly known as Hibiscus, Vinegar or Guinea okra, is a plant that has gained a great deal of interest in academic research. Most likely due to its antioxidant property. The preliminary phytochemical profile of the aqueous extract of the chalices of Hibiscus sabdariffa presented flavonoids, anthocyanins, coumarins and saponins. The antioxidant potential was 324.95 mM Trolox/g as measured by ABTS. The median lethal dose (LD50) of the extract was 1000 ppm. The extract showed 24 μL antimicrobial action and synergism when associated with Chloramphenicol discs in strains of wild Escherichia coli (AB 1157). According to the results of the Spectrophotometric and Conductiometric tests, the extract presented good stability against UV radiation, exposure to oxygen and temperature increase. Anthocyanins: 3-sambubioside cyanidin and 3-sambubioside delphinidin were identified as the major constituent of the extract through UHPLC-ESI-TOF-MS.