Joint coordinate system for biomechanical analysis of the sacroiliac joint (original) (raw)
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Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy, 2008
T he sacroiliac joints (SIJ) are multi-planar, simultaneously rotating and translating along three axes of motion through an origin point that lies midway between the left and right posterior superior iliac spines (PSIS) 1 . The sacral X-axis (transverse axis) courses mediolateral through the left and right PSIS, with corresponding sacral rotation occurring in the sagittal plane. The sacral Y-axis (longitudinal axis), accounts for sacral rotation in the horizontal plane, whereas the Z-axis (sagittal axis), courses anterior-posterior midway between the anterior superior iliac spines (ASIS) and accounts for sacral rotation in the coronal plane 2 . The previously described motion about the X, Y, and Z axes constitutes a Cartesian coordinate system and is used by investigators to account for the 3-D sacral motion at the SIJs in reference to a fi xed pelvis 2-8 with occasional alterations of the X and Z axes 1,9 .
Intra-observer reliability in three-dimensional kinematic analysis of sacroiliac joint mobility
Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2015
Physical therapists, osteopathic practitioners, and chiropractors often perform manual tests to evaluate sacroiliac joint (SIJ) mobility. However, the available evidence demonstrates an absence of reliability in these tests and in investigations with kinematic analysis. The aim of this study was to verify the three-dimensional kinematic reliability in SIJ movement measurements. [Subjects] This cross-sectional study analyzed 24 healthy males, aged between 18 and 35 years. [Methods] Three-dimensional kinematic analysis was performed for measurements of posterior superior iliac displacement and greater trochanter (femur) displacement during hip flexion movement in an orthostatic position. The distance variations were measured from a reference point in 3 blocks. The intra-observer reliability was compared with the mean of three 3 blocks using the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and a 99% significance level. [Results] The measurements indicated a strong correlation among blocks: ICC = 0.94 for right side SIJ and ICC = 0.91 for left side SIJ. The mean displacement between the reference points was 7.7 mm on the right side and 8.5 mm on the left side. [Conclusion] Our results indicate that three-dimensional kinematic analysis can be used for SIJ mobility analyses. New studies should be performed for subjects with SIJ dysfunction to verify the effectiveness of this method.
Load-displacement behavior of sacroiliac joints
Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 1987
We measured the load-displacement behavior of both single and paired sacroiliac (SI) joints in fresh cadaver specimens obtained from eight adults between the ages of 59 and 74 years. With both ilia fixed, static test loads were applied to the center of the sacrum along and about axes parallel and normal to the superior S 1 endplate. Test forces up to 294 N were applied in the superior, inferior, anterior, posterior, and lateral directions. Moments up to 42 N-m were applied in flexion, extension, lateral bending, and axial torsion. Displacements of the center of the sacrum were measured 60 s after each load increment was applied, using dial gauges and an optical lever system. The tests were then repeated with only one ilium fixed. Finally, the three-dimensional location and overall geometry of each SI joint were measured. For an isolated left joint at the maximum test loads, the mean (SD) sacral displacements in the direction of the force ranged from 0.76 mm (1.41) in the medial to 2.74 mm (1.07) in the anterior direction. The mean rotations in the directions of the moments ranged from 1.40" (0.71) in right lateral bending to 6.21" (3.29) in clockwise axial torsion viewed from above. We also examined load-displacement behavior under larger loads. Single sacroiliac joints resisted loads from 500 to 1440 N, and from 42 to 160 N-m without overt failure.
Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 2020
Background A number of minimally invasive sacroiliac (SI) joint fusion solutions for placing implants exist, with reduced post-operative pain and improved outcomes compared to open procedures. The objective of this study was to compare two MIS SI joint fusion approaches that place implants directly across the joint by comparing the ilium and sacrum bone characteristics and SI joint separation along the implant trajectories. Methods Nine cadaveric specimens (n = 9) were CT scanned and the left and right ilium and sacrum were segmented. The bone density, bone volume fraction, and SI joint gap distance were calculated along lateral and posterolateral trajectories and compared using analysis of variance between the two orientations. Results Iliac bone density, indicated by the mean Hounsfield Unit, was significantly greater for each lateral trajectory compared to posterolateral. The volume of cortical bone in the ilium was greater for the middle lateral trajectory compared to all others...
Mobility in the sacroiliac joints in the elderly: a kinematic and radiological study
Clinical Biomechanics, 1992
Movement in eight sacroiliac joints was measured in preparations of embalmed elderly humans and compared with radiological findings. For the biomechanica1 part of the study the connections between sacrum and fifth lumbar vertebra were spared, as were the surrounding ligaments. The pelvis-spine preparation was fixed at the fifth lumbar vertebra. To induce movement, forces were directed at the acetabula. With digital displacement meters rotation was measured between the sacral and iliac part of the sacroiliac joint. In the sagittal plane both ventral rotation (as part of nutation) and dorsal rotation (as part of contranutation) could be demonstrated. Most sacroiliac joints were mobile, allowing a total rotation of up to 4". Significant intraindividual differences in mobility occurred. One sacroiliac joint without mobility showed radiographically pronounced arthrosis. The impact of the findings on kinematic chain and clinical diagnosis is discussed. Relevante In the literature no data are available on the radiographic appearance of biomechanically studied sacroiliac joints. In the present study a biomechanica1 and radiological approach has been combined. The study emphasizes the clinical importante of intraindividual sacroiliac differences as well as the need for a thorough integration of pelvic and lumbar kinematics.
Clinimetric properties of sacroiliac joint mobility tests: A systematic review
Musculoskeletal Science and Practice, 2019
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