Hydro-Geoelectrical Investigation for the Potential of Underground Water Storage along the lower reaches of King Abdullah Canal-Deir Alla Area/Jordan (original) (raw)
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Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2011
Geoelectrical measurements using a vertical electrical sounding method were conducted in the southern Amman district, central Jordan. The objectives of the study were to identify formations that may present freshwater aquifers, and to estimate the relationship between groundwater resources and geological structures. Data collected at 23 locations were first interpreted with curve-matching techniques, using theoretically calculated master curves. The initial earth models were double-checked and reinterpreted using a one-dimensional inversion program to obtain the final subsurface stratigraphic units, including the water-bearing aquifer. The geoelectrical cross section showed that the subsurface consists of five geoelectric units. The aquifer is underlain by the last unit comprised of limestone (of Campanian age) of the Balqa Group deposits. The depth of the top of the Campanian limestone (B2/A7 aquifer) ranges between 180 and 290 m. The resistivity of the aquifer varies between 50 and 200 ohm m, indicating the existence of good quality water.
Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 2012
In this article, the potential for artificial groundwater recharge of Wadi Al-Butum catchments area-Jordan is studied, using geoelectrical resistivity surveys and hydro geochemical methods with the aim of storing some of surface water during flood events times to be recharged in the groundwater as an essential part of integrated water resources management. The results of geoelectrical surveys show the existence of potential zones of alluvial deposits to store and recharge the groundwater aquifers. The hydro-geochemical modeling results show an overall upgrading of the original groundwater quality could be expected.
Extractions of deep salty groundwater from the Triassic and Jurassic rocks in the lower reaches of Zarqa River have lead to mobilizing overlying fresh ground-and surface water bodies to replace the extracted salty water leading herewith to the dissolution of evaporates from the rock matrix. This has, in turn, lead to the formation of small (Decimeter) underground cavities which widened with time to form huge underground cavities many 10s of meters), which ceilings collapsed and created sink holes at ground surface. This article discusses the geology, hydrogeology and hydrochemistry of the area of lower Zarqa River and quantifies the effects of the pumping of salty groundwater on the mobilization of fresh water, which is leading to the formation of underground cavities and sink holes at ground surface. The study shows that understanding the groundwater recharge, flow and discharge regime and the effects of disturbing that regime must be clarified before deciding to implement projects which may lead to damage to the groundwater system and become fiasco projects. The study concluded that pumping water from the deep salty Triassic and Jurassic rocks is equivalent to extracting water from Zarqa River itself, because the extracted water is being substituted by the Zarqa River water.
Environmental Earth Sciences, 2006
The effect of the Ruseifa municipal landfill on the shallow groundwater aquifers in the area was investigated in two separate sites. The first one was not used since 1994, whereas the other is still being used for dumping. Fourteen electrical resistivity soundings were performed to detect the leachate and its effect on the quality of the groundwater. Results indicated that the solid waste thickness of the landfill was ranged from 3 to 20 m with resistivity value less than 10 Ω m. Based on the resistivity decreases of values less than 5 Ω m, the leachate was detected in the landfill sites at depths ranged from 10 to 50 m. However, the flow direction of the leachate at depth ranging 10–20 m in the terminated site was toward north, whereas the flow direction of the leachate in the site still used for dumping was toward east–northeast which causes the major source of groundwater pollution.
Sokhna basin is composed of alluviums and locates t o the northern part of Zarqa Governorate in Jordan. The basin where many agricultural activi ties take place is recharged directly from the flowing streams of the effluent of As-samra WWTP and Zarqa River which is illegally the disposal site for the treated and untreated industr ial waste water of some industries overlooking the flow path of the river. The basin w as evaluated respecting its groundwater quality and quantity. Gravity method deduced depths to bedrock beneath the alluviums and found to range between 8 and 33 meters. The water was found not to fit for the WHO and local regulations for drinking water, where several pollution processes affected its quality. Annual throughput amounts were calculated to be less than 0.66 MCM.
paper, 2023
Qualitative and quantitative interpretations of the accessible geoelectrical resistivity data were conducted in the area located to the west of Nile Delta on both sides of the Cairo-Alexandria desert road, between latitudes 30.190816° and 30.745892° N and longitudes 29.797607° and 30.702070° E, in the northern Western Desert of Egypt. The study area is covered by thick sedimentary exposures ranging from the Miocene to the Quaternary period. Geological factors such as lithology and geological structures significantly influence the groundwater in the study area. The Quaternary, Pliocene, and Miocene eras make up the majority of strata in the study region that require water. The study conducted twenty-three vertical electrical resistivity soundings using the Schlumberger array to define the shallow subsurface geological inferences and investigate the possibilities of finding underground water accumulations and its contamination with clay lenses. The examination of the obtained electric resistivity values revealed the segmentation of the examined section into Original Research Article
The construction of Wadi El Natrun-Al Alamain Road has created a new accessible desert area aimed for development that is based mainly on its local groundwater resources. Unfortunately little is known about the groundwater setting of the area on both sides of the road. A total of 31 Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) were carried out to reveal the groundwater setting of the area. Interpretation of the VES curves indicated a sedimentary succession of 5 layers, the 4 th layer downward of which is the water-bearing formation. The depth to top of that layer varies from 46 to 116 m, its thickness ranges from 10 to 29m, while its electrical resistivity is in the range of 12 to 31 Ohm.m. Based on the interpreted results, 6 cross sections and 4 contour maps were constructed to present these results. Based on these results, together with the previous regional and local data available for the area, a groundwater potential map was further constructed showing the ranking of water potential across the area. Recommended sites for the drilling of water wells were also pointed out with the specifications of each of these sites, as well as the precautions that should be taken during drilling and use of these wells.
Structural Control on Groundwater Distribution and Flow in Irbid Area, North Jordan
This study aims to evaluate geologic and structural influences on groundwater in Irbid area as an essential resource in that area. This importance increases in the light of the rapid increase in human population, industrial expansion, and agricultural activities. The geology of the area is comprised of Upper Cretaceous limestone, silicified limestone and marly limestone, and all overlain by thick layers of soil. Amman Silicified Limestone and Wadi As Sir Limestone Formations form good aquifers in the study area. The influence of faults and joints on groundwater in the study area is two fold. N-S and NE-SW joints and faults act as drainage channels of groundwater flow and also as aquifers in the area. On the other hand, ESE-WNW normal faults, forming a horst and graben system, form a barrier or semi-barrier to the ground water flow. They are responsible for the dryness of wells in Dayr Yusof, Al Husn Camp, and Huwwarah. All these wells are on the down thrown side of these faults.
Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2016
Wadi El Khariq has a vast area that can be reclaimed. Upper Jurassic carbonates represent the main aquifer. The Desert Research Center has a pilot station in Wadi El Khariq that suffers from water deficiency. Therefore, the drilling of new wells is needed. As fault zones make fracture conduits for groundwater, detecting these faults is a vital process. Therefore, this study aims to trace the existing subsurface structures and their impact on groundwater occurrence. The interpretation of the results of the vertical electrical soundings leads to the detection of five geoelectrical layers. The third and fourth layers correspond to fractures and argillaceous limestone represents the water-bearing layers. The interpretation of the results of the eight 2D electrical resistivity tomography profiles gave more illustrative information about the lateral facies changes, the structures effect along the study area, distribution of the different types of water-bearing limestone, and the depth to their top. The deduced structures from electrical study are represented by the faults F1-F6. The faults F1 and F2 are confirmed from both 1D and 2D imaging profiles. The fault plains of F1, F2, F5, and F6 are continuous between the measured imaging profiles. The 2D imaging profiles revealed that the clay content increase eastwards. The correlation results of the natural gamma and lithological logs of the drilled wells as well as the constructed hydrogeological profiles revealed that the area of study affected by another group of faults (F6-F12). These faults affect on the groundwater occurrence and quality. These faults lead to the formation of graben and horst structures, lateral facies changes, variation in layers thickness, and the occurrence of the fractured limestone layer lying beneath the calcareous clay at variable depths. Most of the detected faults in the study area have NW-SE trends coinciding with the lineation analyses of the faults and fractures of El Khariq basin.
Sinai Peninsula represents one of the main prospective areas for energy recourses including water, oil. natural gas, coal and some others. Groundwater is an important natural resource for investment such as south El Teina plain. It lies on low relief and is dominated by extensive sand accumulation alluvial deposits and sabkhas. The average ground elevation ranges from 20 to 31m. above the mean sea level. The Quaternary deposits are exposed in the study area and consist from sand dunes, graded sand, clayey sand, sandy clay and clay. The Pleistocene deposits represent the main aquifer in the eastern part of the study area. It formed of sand, gravely sand, clayey sand, sandy clay and sand with clay intercalations. A total of 18 of Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) stations were carried out in the study area as a grid pattern. The quantitative interpretation of the field curves revealed that the geoelectrical succession is formed of a number of layers, which are grouped together in three main layers. The first layer is surface layer “A” and layer “B” is dry layer, while the lower layer “C” represents the water bearing formation which consists of sand with clay intercalation. The percentage of clay increases downwards. It is divided into three successive parts (C1, C2, C3). The first part "C1" represents resistivity values ranging from 4.5 33.1 Ohm.m. and a thickness from 2-4m, acting as brackish water zone. The second part "C2" represents resistivity values ranging from 1.99 – 4.1 Ohm.m and a thickness from 13 – 22.5m acting as saline water zone. The last one "C3" represents resistivity values not exceeding 2 Ohm.m., acting as more saline zone. Generally, the depth to water as recorded from the drilled wells and the interpreted from the geoelectrical study ranges between 1.9 m and 5m. Vertically, it is noticed that the salinity of water bearing formation increases downwards in the study area due to the effect of the sea water intrusion. It is recommended to exploit the brackish water layer which is considered as the strategic water supply to the area and has a suitable saturated thickness reaching to about 4m. Thus, wells should not penetrate the saline water to prevent a local rising of interface of brackish – saline water interface due to continuous discharge from water well. The safe yield is demonstrated, according to the hydrological condition in the study area. The wells can be dug by hand where the total depth should not exceed 10m. The total safe yield of every hand dug well varies from 28.28 to 42.42 m3/day.