Japanese Learner’s Ability to Pronounce Nasal Consonant /N/ Located at The End of Words (original) (raw)
Related papers
Consonant Nasalization in Pronouncing Korean Words by Indonesian Learners
Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Language, Literature, Culture, and Education (ICOLLITE 2021)
This study has been motivated by the lack of research on consonant nasalization in pronouncing Korean words in Indonesia. The results of such research can help Korean phonology teachers develop their teaching materials. This study focuses on identifying consonant nasalization in pronouncing Korean words by undergraduate Koreans as foreign language (KFL) students. This study was conducted to determine the most frequently and the least frequently nasalized forms along with the factors. The data in this study were obtained from interviewing 17 participants consisting of 9 female and 8 male students employing questions about pictures that refer to the 60 vocabularies. The study found that the seolcheukeumeui bieumhwa/yueumeui bieumhwa (liquid nasalization) type obtained the highest percentage of realized nasalization (60.88%) with the letter ㅇ[ng] and ㄹ[r]. Meanwhile, the jangae-eum and yueumeui bieumhwa (combination of obstruent and liquid nasalization) type obtained the least percentage of realized nasalization (41.18%) with the letter ㄱ [k] and ㄹ [r]. Some of the factors for the least frequently nasalized Korean words may be related to TOPIK (Test of Proficiency in Korean) level obtained by the students.
The representation of Japanese moraic nasals
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1996
Nasal consonants in syllabic coda position in Japanese assimilate to the place of articulation of a following consonant. The resulting forms may be perceived as different realizations of a single underlying unit, and indeed the kana orthographies represent them with a single character. In the present study, Japanese listeners' response time to detect nasal consonants was measured. Nasals in coda position, i.e., moraic nasals, were detected faster and more accurately than nonmoraic nasals, as reported in previous studies. The place of articulation with which moraic nasals were realized affected neither response time nor accuracy. Non-native subjects who knew no Japanese, given the same materials with the same instructions, simply failed to respond to moraic nasals which were realized bilabially. When the nasals were cross-spliced across place of articulation contexts the Japanese listeners still showed no significant place of articulation effects, although responses were faster and more accurate to unspliced than to cross-spliced nasals. When asked to detect the phoneme following the ͑cross-spliced͒ moraic nasal, Japanese listeners showed effects of mismatch between nasal and context, but non-native listeners did not. Together, these results suggest that Japanese listeners are capable of very rapid abstraction from phonetic realization to a unitary representation of moraic nasals; but they can also use the phonetic realization of a moraic nasal effectively to obtain anticipatory information about following phonemes.
Exploring Tonal Effects on the Perception of Word-Final Nasals: A Preliminary Study in Southern Min
This paper investigates the perceptual confusion pattern in the three coda nasals /-m, -n, -ŋ/ in Southern Min for insight into the effect of tone on the identification of nasal place of articulation. A general hierarchy of perceptual confusability -m>-ŋ>-n was found in the current set of data, which is compatible with the fact that /-m/ was lost first in the historical merger of coda nasals in Chinese. Tones with a high pitch at the ending point resulted in higher accuracy of nasal identification in complete syllables. However, there was no tonal effect on the identification of nasal murmur. Vowel duration and vowel-nasal formant transition were the perceptual cues that listeners mostly relied on.
Acoustically Characterizing Nasal Sounds of Kambaata Language
2019
Abstract—this paper analyzes acoustic characteristics of nasal sounds of Kambaata language at their place of<br> articulation by using autoregressive moving average(ARMA) model. The ARMA model is an extension of<br> Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) model, which incorporatethe zeros of the transfer function of vocal tract coupled<br> with nasal cavity. Since nasal sound production involves the coupling of nasal cavity, so it can be modeled by ARMA<br> process. Sounds of minimal or nearly minimal pair words, containing singleton or geminated nasal phoneme at the<br> initial, medial or final positions were recorded while read by five male and five female native speakers is collected.<br> Formant and ant-formant frequencies of the collected speech has been extracted and analyzed by using one-way<br> ANOVA test to analyze the differences of nasal sounds. The overall duration measurement is also used to<br> characterize the acoustic nature of ...
A STUDY ON THE PHONOLOGICAL FEATURES OF KELANTANESE STUDENTS'PRONUNCIATION OF ENGLISH CONSONANTS
2002
BANGI knowledge of phonetics and phonology and Dr. Aziz Idris (FPB) for sharing his knowledge on the contrastive analysis and error analysis. , my elder sister (Zuraida), my younger brother (Mohd. Faizal), my grandma (Habeba Bramsah), my brother in-law (Ahmad Sophian Ali), my nephew (Amirul Irfan) and all of my family members for their never ending support for me to finish my project paper.
Journal of English Education and Teaching, 2019
This research was aimed to know and to analyze how English students in University of Bengkulu, English Education Study program class A and B, academic year 2015/2016 pronounced English consonants /θ/ and /ð/. The instrument used for collecting the data was recording. This research used qualitative and quantitative method. The result of this research showed most of English students pronounced English consonants /θ/ and /ð/ incorrectly. It showed that the students were not good at pronouncing English consonants /θ/ and /ð/ when they were located at the middle or at the final of the words. Based on the findings, the study concluded that the errors were caused by several reasons such as the sound of /θ/ and /ð/ which did not exist in Bahasa Indonesia, the influence of similar sound with Bahasa Inonesia consonants /t/ and /d/, and also the carelessness.
COMPARISON OF NASALANCE SCORES IN NON NATIVE ENGLISH SPEAKERS
Nasal sounds are characterized by nasal resonance which is a subjective perception of nasal components of speech. The Nasometer was developed to quantify the nasal resonance (Nasalance), and has been found to be a valid and reliable measure for evaluating nasality objectively. Nasalance is the ratio of nasal acoustic energy to nasal and oral acoustic energy. Nasalance of normal speech is influenced by phonetic composition of the speech stimulus, native language, age and gender. The aim of the study was to find out the influence of Malayalam and Tamil, on nasalance values while reading English. The study included two groups of subjects in which Group A has 30 subjects (15 males and 15 females) with Malayalam as their native language and Group B has 30 subjects (15 males and 15 females) with Tamil as their native language in the age range of 18 to 25 years. The subjects were asked to read the Zoo passage which is loaded with high pressure oral consonants and Nasometer II (model no 6450) was used to measure the nasalance. The results revealed a significant difference in nasal resonance between Malayalam and Tamil speakers while reading the English passage.
An Acoustic Investigation of The Duration of Vowel Nasalization in Ga
2017
Relationship between vowel quality and nasalization has seen a number of investigations in languages with results indicating that the duration of nasalization varies with the quality of vowel. While some of the investigations reported that greater velopharyngeal opening occurs in mid-high and high back vowels in some languages, other investigation results show that low vowels are nasalized with greater velopharyngeal opening than high vowels in some other languages. It has been argued that in vowel nasalization low vowels are preferred because low vowels have longer duration in that long vowels are more likely to be nasalized than short vowels. This study sets out to investigate the relationship between the quality of vowels and nasalization in Ga by using acoustic measures. The study makes use of four native Ga speakers’ production of oral and nasal vowels in words. The words were recorded in a carrier frame and was analysed using PRAAT. The results indicate that nasal vowels have ...
This paper provides an experimental study of interlanguage phonological characteristics of Chinese students learning Thai as a foreign language and the accentedness perceived by native Thai speakers. Both production and perception experiments were designed to see how Chinese students acoustically produced Thai final nasal consonants and how Thai native speakers perceived these Chinese-accented nasals. The production experiment compared the acoustic features of Thai final nasal consonants (i.e. /m/, /n/, and /ŋ/) produced by Chinese students and native Thai speakers (n = 5 in each group), who provided speech samples from a wordlist reading task, consisting of 28 words (840 tokens). Nasal acoustic properties of 840 tokens (duration, nasal murmurs, and formant transitions) were examined. The findings showed that the Chinese students produced significantly longer nasal duration and more drastic formant transitions compared to the native speakers. The perception experiment analyzed how native Thai raters (n = 10) rated speech samples concerning degrees of accentedness by using a 5-point Likert scale with 5 as the most native level. Based on this, the native Thai raters rated the Chinese students' speech as 3.22 on average, while native Thai speech was judged with an average score of 4.65, which demonstrated that native Thai raters could distinguish foreign speech from those pronounced by native speakers. To find out to what extent nasal acoustic characteristics in Chinese students' interlanguage phonology contributed to the degree of accentedness, stepwise regression analyses were utilized to discover that nasal duration was particularly important in accurately predicting accentedness in Thai with Chinese accents.
Acoustic characteristics of vowel nasalization
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1974
In order to study the nasalization of vowels, a set of CVCV utterances read by several speakers has been analyzed. The consonent C consisted of nasal consonant (/m/,/n/,/ŋ/) and voiced stops (/b/,/d/,/g/). The vowel V was one of seven vowels. The utterances were analyzed using predictive coding and cepstral prediction technics (to detect zero frequencies). Formant frequencies and bandwidth frequencies were studied to find acoustic correlates of vowel nasalization. The associated vowel affected which acoustic correlate of nasalization was most salient. For instance, the nasalization of the vowels /a/ and /æ/ are mainly characterized by a weakness of FI, whereas for the vowel /i/ a nasal formant with large bandwidth can be detected between the first and the second formant. Furthermore, the degree of shifting of the formant frequencies depends on the vowel. Possible application of the results to the detection of nasalization and the identification of nasalized vowels is discussed.