REVOLUTIONISING CBRN DEFENCE THROUGH NANOTECHNOLOGY-BASED ENCAPSULATION OF CONDUCTING COPOLYMERS WITHIN PAMAM DENDRIMERS (original) (raw)
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Polyaniline and Polypyrrole Templated on Self-Assembled Acidic Block Copolymers
Macromolecules, 2009
A method was developed for utilizing block copolymers that combine an acidic block, 2acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPSA), and an acrylate block, n-butyl, ethyl, or methyl acrylate, as templates for acid-doped conducting polymers such as polyaniline (PANI) or polypyrrole (PPY). PANI templated with diblock copolymers dissolved in dichloroacetic acid results in the formation of highconductivity materials (30 S/cm) that possess a greater degree of flexibility than pure PANI (between 20% and 50% elongation at ∼4 MPa). Triblock copolymers were used as templates for the oxidative polymerization of PANI and PPY to form in situ conducting polymer composites with conductivities of ∼0.1 S/cm.
Templating Conducting Polymers via Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers and Supramolecular Recognition
Macromolecules, 2007
The success of conjugated polymers as components in anticorrosion coatings, charge-injection layers in organic lightemitting diodes, electromagnetic shielding, plastic circuitry, and biosensors, among others, is due to their high conductivity, low density, and reasonably high processability. 1 Polyaniline (PANI) is particularly attractive because of its easy synthesis, low cost, and high degree of environmental stability in both the doped and undoped states. One drawback is its low solubility, caused by π-stacking of the highly conjugated backbone, resulting in low processability of the final materials. Replacing mineral acid dopants such as HCl or H 2 SO 4 with functionalized organic acids such as 10-camphorsulfonic acid (CSA) and 2-acrylamido-2methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPSA) 2 increases the overall solubility by way of the large organic groups attached to the acidic moiety. Doping PANI with CSA and processing from a polar solvent such as m-cresol has resulted in films with conductivities as high as 400 S/cm. 3 Other sulfonic acids are effective as dopants, including polyelectrolytes such as polystyrenesulfonic acid, 4-6 diesters of sulfophthallic acid, 7 or sulfosuccinic acid, 8 particularly in association with polar solvents such as m-cresol or 2,2-dichloroacetic acid (DCAA).
Poly (propylene imine) dendrimer: A potential nanomaterial for electrochemical application
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2020
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Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 2011
A star copolymer based on poly(propylene imine) (PPI) dendrimer core (generations 1–4) and polypyrrole (PPy) shell was prepared. The synthesis procedure involved a condensation reaction between PPI surface primary amine and 2-pyrrole aldehyde to give the pyrrole-functionalized PPI dendrimer (PPI-2Py). The pyrrole units on the dendrimer backbone were polymerized chemically using ammonium persulfate as an oxidizing agent and electrochemically on
2012
Novel nanocomposites of polyaniline (PANI) doped by dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (PANI/CNT) were synthesized for methylamine sensing. FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, XRD and TEM methods proved their composition and nanostructure. The gas sensing ability of their thin films (10-30 μm) was investigated at methylamine concentrations from 570 ppb to 10 ppm through the change of the films electrical resistance. The composites showed high performances in terms of reversibility and detection limit. Specifically, the last parameter was below 600 ppb. However, the response times increased drastically when the concentration of the methylamine decreased. At 9.5 ppm concentration the response time was around 10 minutes while it reached 25 min and 80 min at 2.5 ppm and 570 ppb respectively.
Interaction of Astramol Poly(propyleneimine) Dendrimers with Linear Polyanions
Macromolecules, 1999
Interaction between Astramol poly(propylene imine) dendrimers of five generations, x (where x is equal to 4, 8, 16, 32, or 64) and linear poly(sodium acrylate), poly(acrylic) acid, poly(sodium styrenesulfonate), or native DNA was studied in salt-free solutions by means of potentiometric, argentometric, and turbidimetric titrations. In addition to x outer primary amine groups the dendrimer molecule contains x -2 inner tertiary amine groups. It is found that the pH-controlled interpolyelectrolyte coupling reaction resulting in formation of the corresponding interpolyelectrolyte complexes occurs on mixing of the dendrimer and the polyanion solutions. A peculiar finding was that all dendrimer amine groups being protonated can form ion pairs with carboxylate or sulfonate groups of the polyanions. In other words DAB-dendr-(NH2)x molecules are fully penetrable for rather flexible oppositely charged polyelectrolyte chains. However, this is not the case for rigid negatively charged DNA double helixes which apparently bind only to the dendrimer shell. The complexes of dendrimers, with polyanions containing equal amounts of cationic and anionic groups mostly ion-paired (stoichiometric complexes), are insoluble in water. At the same time water soluble nonstoichiometric interpolyelectrolyte complexes can be obtained if the dendrimer is a deficient component of the complex species. This behavior is similar to that of complexes formed by oppositely charged linear polyions.