Converting Urban Waste into Energy in Kathmandu Valley: Barriers and Opportunities (original) (raw)
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Increasing metropolitan solid waste and absence of concrete information sources is a developing worry in urban areas of developing countries like in Kathmandu Metropolitan City (KMC) in Nepal. Two goals of this study were: (1) to estimate household solid waste generation and its composition; and (2) to assess the socioeconomic factors impacting on household waste generation. Using stratified sampling, 288 families were chosen from the 32 wards of KMC for household survey. The quantification of total waste and its composition was undertaken for each household using digital weighing scales. Socioeconomic variables affecting household waste generation were analysis by using regression model. The rate of household waste generation in KMC was found 0.3 kg/capita/day and total household waste generation was found 413 tonnes/day. Household waste comprised of 51% organic and 49% recyclable comprising 5% paper and paper products, 3% glass, 1% metal, 19% plastic, 13% textiles, 4% rubber and leather and 4% other waste. As organic waste constitutes more than half proportion of total solid waste, it should deal appropriately, if not it will create serious health and environmental hazards. Household size and income had a positive impact on waste generation; both were statistically significant and thus are important indicators in forecasting solid waste generation trends. Finding from this study will help concerning authority to formulate sustainable solid waste management plan in KMC and beyond.
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Current waste management strategies are shifting from waste disposal to recycling and recovery and are considering waste as a potential new resource. This paper aims to quantify reusable and recyclable fractions with status of material recovery from municipal solid waste (MSW) in Kathmandu Valley of Nepal. 550 households, 110 institutions and 110 commercial establishments were sampled to compute the generation, composition and quantify reusable and recyclable fraction of solid waste. In addition, 120 scrap shops were surveyed randomly from Kathmandu Valley to estimate the amount of resource recovered for economic benefits. As per results, the average per capita MSW generation can be estimated at range of 0.25 kg day-1 to 0.47 kg day-1 in municipalities of Kathmandu Valley. Based on these generation rates and population for the year 2011, the total MSW generation of the five municipalities of Kathmandu Valley was estimated to be 620 metric tonnes day-1. The major content of reusable ...
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