A Brief Review on Fundamentals of Conductive Polymer (CPs) (original) (raw)
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Intrinsically conductive polymers (CPs) combine the inherent mechanical properties of organic polymers with charge transport, opto-electronic and redox properties that can be easily tuned up to those typical of semiconductors and metals. The control of the morphology at the nanoscale and the design of CP-based composite materials have expanded their multifunctional character even further. These virtues have been exploited to advantage in opto-electronic devices, energy-conversion and storage systems, sensors and actuators, and more recently in applications related to biomedical and separation science or adsorbents for pollutant removal. The special issue “Conductive Polymers: Materials and Applications” was compiled by gathering contributions that cover the latest advances in the field, with special emphasis upon emerging applications.
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AbstractÐConductive polymers are a new class of materials which exhibit highly reversible redox behaviour and the unusual combination of properties of metal and plastics. The prospective utility of conductive polymers with a potent application in number of growing technologies in biomolecular electronics, telecommunication, display devices and electrochemical storage systems, etc. has further enhanced the interest of researchers in this novel area. An eort has been made in this article to present an updated review on the various aspects of conductive polymers, viz. synthesis of conductive polymers, doping, structure analysis and proposed utility for further study of the future scienti®c and technological developments in the ®eld of conductive polymers. #
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This review article focuses on conducting polymers and their applications. Conducting polymers (CPs) are an exciting new class of electronic materials, which have attracted an increasing interest since their discovery in 1977. They have many advantages, as compared to the non-conducting polymers, which is primarily due to their electronic and optic properties. Also, they have been used in artificial muscles, fabrication of electronic device, solar energy conversion, rechargeable batteries, and sensors. This study comprises two main parts of investigation. The first focuses conducting polymers (polythiophene, polyparaphenylene vinylene, polycarbazole, polyaniline, and polypyrrole). The second regards their applications, such as Supercapacitors, Light emitting diodes (LEDs), Solar cells, Field effect transistor (FET), and Biosensors. Both parts have been concluded and summarized with recent reviewed 233 references.
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The developments in the field of electrically conducting polymers have grown very rapidly since the discovery and there is a very sharp increase in conductivity when intrinsically insulating organic conjugated polymers are doped with oxidizing and reducing agents. An overview of technological developments involving conducting polymers clearly indicates that the field expands at unprecedented rates. The manuscript first introduces the conducting polymers (CPs), conducting mechanism, concepts of doping and briefly introduces main applications. Different types of CPs, their unique properties and synthesis is discussed. The present review will help the effective implementation of conducting polymers in different fields, which directly depends on the degree of understanding of their behaviour and properties.
We are used to polymers – that is, plastics – being somehow the opposite of metals. They insulate, they do not conduct electricity. Electric wires are coated with polymers to protect them – and us – from short-circuits. Yet Alan J. Heeger, Alan G. MacDiarmid and Hideki Shirakawa have changed this view with their discovery that a polymer, polyacetylene, can be made conductive almost like a metal.
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Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 1994
There are over 100 conducting polymers which have been synthesised by chemists with a wide range of specific electrical conductivities. Many of these polymers are suitable for elec tronic device fabrication. Semi-conducting and conducting polymers have potential for application in several areas. In this paper electronic and microwave properties are explored. Fabrication of elec tronic and microwave devices can be
Synthesis and Characterization of Conducting Polymer
International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2021
In recent technology, considerable attention was given to the fabrication of light weight rechargeable batteries, electro chromic display devices, microelectronics, sensor and molecule design etc. As one of the most important conducting polymers, polyaniline because of its chemical stability and relatively high conductivity and its derivatives have been extensively studied in different fields of science, because of the demand for high performance materials in advanced technologies. However, the common uses of polyaniline are restricted, due to its poor process ability and low solubility. Various techniques were given for synthesis of conducting polymer. In the current studies, polyaniline (PANI) and its composites with semiconductor was prepared chemical oxidation method in the presence of different bronsted acids from aqueous solutions. The effect of thermal treatment on electrical conductivity (DC), of the pure PANI, PANI+10%, 15% and 20% MnSO4 conducting polymers were investigated. It is found that conductivity of PANI enhancing due to stretching polymeric chain cause due to interaction with MnSO4.
We investigated the effect of an electric field on the alignment and structural properties of thin films of a chiral polybithiophene-based conductive polymer, functionalized with a protected L-cysteine amino acid. Thin films were obtained by exploiting both drop-casting and spin-coating procedures. The electric properties, the polarized Raman spectrum, the UV−vis spectrum, and the CD spectra were measured as a function of the electric field intensity applied during film formation. It was found that beyond the enhancement of the conductivity observed when the electric field aligns the polymer, the electric field significantly affects the chiral properties and the effect depends on the method of deposition.