Pre-Concentration Based on Cloud Point Extraction for Ultra-Trace Monitoring of Lead (II) Using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (original) (raw)

The cloud point extraction (CPE) method was successfully used for the isolation and pre-concentration of ultra-low concentration of Pb prior to its determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Lead(II) reacts with methyl 4,20-diisobutyl-2,5,8,16,19,22- hexaoxo-7,17-dipropyl-3,6,9,15,18,21-hexaaza-1(2,6)-pyridinacyclo-docosaphane-10-carboxylate (DLNL) as chelating agent in the presence of octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol (Triton X-114) as a nonionic surfactant giving a surfactant-rich phase chelate which could be used for CPE. Factors affecting the CPE such as solution pH, concentrations of the chelating ligand and surfactant, temperature of equilibration, and time were optimized. The efficacy features of the proposed protocol such as linear range, lower limit of detection, pre-concentration, and progress factors were evaluated. The method revealed a wide linear range in the range of 7–250 ng/mL of Pb2+ with a limit of detection of 5 ng/mL using FAAS. Validation of the ...