Diagnosing pulmonary arteriovenous malformations in the presence of atrial septal defect and anomalous pulmonary venous drainage—An imaging challenge (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Pediatrics, 2017
Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVM) are abnormal communications between pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins, and most commonly congenital in nature. Although rare, it is an important consideration in cyanotic patients of unknown cause. We report 3 cases with diffuse PAVM in children with different clinical manifestations and initial diagnosis was made by transthoracic contrast echocardiogram. Transthoracic contrast echocardiography (TTCE) is valuable as initial diagnostic tools for diffuse PAVM. Pulmonary angiography should be reserved for therapeutic purposes for PAVM rather than diagnostic.
Graded contrast echocardiography in pulmonary arteriovenous malformations
European Respiratory Journal, 2010
To compare the results of transthoracic contrast echocardiography (TTCE) adding a grading scale with the results of thoracic computed tomography (CT) in order to optimise the use of both techniques. 95 patients with hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) were examined with TTCE and thoracic CT to detect pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs). According to previous studies, TTCE was divided into a four grade scale depending on the degree of opacification of the left ventricle after the administration of a contrast agent.
Cardiology in the Young, 2001
The development of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations is a well-known complication after Fontan operations, and may result in significant morbidity due to increasing arterial desaturation. We compared the use of bubble contrast echocardiography and pulmonary angiography in detecting such malformations. We also examined which anatomical and haemodynamic variables were associated with their development. Our study includes 20 patients who had undergone modified Fontan procedures, 10 with atriopulmonary and 10 with total cavopulmonary connections, in Gothenburg between 1980 and 1991. All patients underwent cardiac catheterisation and pulmonary angiography. Bubble contrast echocardiography was performed at the same time, with injection of agitated polygelin colloid solution (Haemaccel, Hoechst) into the right and left pulmonary arteries, respectively. Transoesophageal echocardiography was used to detect the appearance of bubble contrast in the pulmonary venous atrium. The aim was also...
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 2008
1. Weiss SW, Enzinger FM. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma: an analysis of 200 cases. Cancer 1978; 41:2250 -66. 2. Korbmacher B, Doering C, Schulte HD, et al. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the heart: case report of a rare left-atrial tumor. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1992; 40:303-7. 3. Okamoto K, Kato S, Katsuki S, et al. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the heart: case report and review of 46 cases in the literature. Intern Med 2001; 40:1222-6. 4. Dorobantu M, Fruntelate A, Constantinescu D, et al. Primary left heart malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Eur J Echocardiogr 2005; 6:225-7. 5. Fujio A, Kitano M, Asakura S, Matsui T. A case of malignant histiocytoma of the epicardium. Nippon Kyobu Geka Gakkai Zasshi 1986; 34:267-71. 6. Wilk W, Janicki K. Primary intrapericardial malignant fibrous histiocytoma: a case report. Pol J Pathol 1998; 49:43-6. 7. Tanprasert P, Vidhayasarronyut S, Dharamadhach A, Suchatlampong V. A rare case of pericardial malignant fibrous histiocytoma. J Med Assoc Thai Comment Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation is a hereditary disease; approximately 70% of patients have hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia [3]. Conversly, 15% to 35% of the patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia have PAVMs [3]. Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation occurs twice as often in females as in males, but there is a male predominance in newborns [4].
Pitfalls in the diagnosis of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations
Cardiology in The Young, 1994
A homogeneous opacity of the right upper lobe was found radiographically in a 15-month-old male child during investigation of an upper respiratory tract infection. Based on computerized tomography, the diagnosis was made of a solid tumor of the lung. At thoracotomy, dilated serpentine vessels were found on the surface of the right upper lobe, and the diagnosis of a large arteriovenous malformation was considered. Use of enhanced computed tomography without contrast and failure to note a reduced arterial oxygen saturation were two diagnostic pitfalls. The diagnosis of an arteriovenous malformation was confirmed by pulmonary angiography, and a right upper lobectomy was successfully performed.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are uncommon, predominantly congenital direct fistulous connections between the pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins, resulting in a right to left shunt. Patients with PAVMs are usually asymptomatic with lesions detected incidentally when radiological imaging is performed for other indications. In this review, we discuss the classification and radiological features of PAVMs as well as their treatment and follow-up options, with a particular focus on percutaneous endovascular techniques and the evolution of the available equipment for treatment.