Different seasonal occurrence of anaplasmosis outbreaks in beef and dairy cattle in an area of Argentina free ofBoophilus microplusticks (original) (raw)

Occurrence of Anaplasmosis on a Commercial Dairy Farm

Veterinary Sciences and One Health Journal, 2023

Livestock plays a vital role in socioeconomic development of Pakistan through poverty alleviation. Livestock contributed 60.66% in agri-business and 11% in GDP. The expansion of livestock sector's net worth increases from 1430 billion to 1466 billion in last two years. Bovine (49.6 million cattle and 41.2 million buffalo) are the two main milk and meat producing animals with approximately milk (59 billion tons) and beef production (23 million tons), respectively. Anaplasmosis cause heavy economic losses in livestock sector including high morbidity, production and reproduction losses. The study will be conducted on a commercial dairy farm of various age group located at the suburbs of Sargodha region. The sample size (n=130) cattle dairy breed was considered for screening of parasites through fecal and blood microscopy. The screened animals were divided into two groups having parasitic infection and those free from parasitic infestation. The focused parameters were Parasitemia, milk production, feeding, and type of feeding, feed cost, treatment cost and labor cost, respectively. Anaplasma causes significant economic loss of both dairy and beef industry in livestock. With yearly loss of 64millionindairycattle(64 million in dairy cattle (64millionindairycattle(60 per cow) estimated in Costa Rica by anaplasmosis. In Latin America, estimated economic loss is $875 million per annum due to anaplasmosis. Cattle become carriers of A. marginale after their initial infection and act as a reservoir to keep the bacterium alive in their herds. Our study concluded that 22.92% economic losses on a commercial dairy farm due to blood parasites. Anaplasma was highly prevalent among parasitic infections. The parasitic infection impacted the farm profitability negatively with medicine cost and decrease in milk production had the highest impact. Anaplasma was highly prevalent among parasitic infections. The parasitic infection impacted the farm profitability negatively with medicine cost and decrease in milk production had the highest impact. Farm-level economic impact was evaluated which provides baseline information about the disease losses which could be used to assess the economic efficiency of parasitic control interventions. The information will help dairy farmers to modify their agricultural techniques as well as policymakers and decision makers to control anaplasmosis at farm level in Punjab in specific and country in general.

Epidemiology of Bovine Anaplasmosis

2019

Bovine Anaplasmosis is one of the most important tick borne diseases of ruminants worldwide causing significant economic losses in the livestock industries due to the high morbidity and mortality in susceptible cattle herds. The main aim of this paper is to review the epidemiology of bovine anaplasmosis. Bovine Anaplasmosis, caused by Anaplasma marginale, is an infectious but non-contagious disease. The mode of transmission of Bovine anaplasmosis includes mechanical (blood contaminated fomites (needles, ear tagging, dehorning and castration equipment), biological (tick bites) and transplcenta (mother to fetus). Bovine Anaplasmosis occurs in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Cattle of all ages are susceptible to infection with A. marginale, but the severity of disease increases with age. The common clinical sign of bovine anaplsmosis includes; Fever (41), anorexia, rapid loss of body condition, severe decrease in milk production, pale and icteric mucous membranes, increased...

Seroprevalence of Anaplasmosis in Dairy Cattle from Peninsular

A griculture is considered to be one of the bedrock of Malaysian economy, contributing about 8.9% to the country's gross domestic product (GDP) (Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia, 2016). Dairy farming, an important component of agriculture in Malaysia, is a major contributor to the country's economy. Over the years, there is a gradual increase in local fresh milk production in Malaysia. There was an increase in local milk production from 45.5 million litres in 2006 to 76.0 million litres in 2015, this represents an estimated 67.03% increase in local milk production. For instance, in 2006, the country recorded a 67.03% increase in local milk production level from 45.5 million litres annually to 76.0 million litres in 2015. However, this is still not sufficient to meet local demand as milk is imported to meet this shortfall (Agrofood Statistic, 2012).To ensure improvement in the dairy industry, control of diseases in cattle is of paramount importance. In Malaysia, anaplasmosis is one of the most common disease affecting local research Article Abstract | Bovine anaplasmosis also known as Red water or Gall sickness is an important disease of cattle primarily caused by Anaplasma marginale and it infects erythrocytes, which results to erythrophagocytosis and subsequently anaemia. This study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of bovine anaplasmosis among dairy cattle in some randomly selected ruminant farms in Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 45 Blood samples were collected via jugular venipuncture from cattle from four (4) farms using convenient sampling technique. Twelve(12) cows were sampled from each of farms A and B, while 13 cows were sampled from farm C and 8 from Farm D. Heparinized whole blood was used to prepare Giemsa-stained thin blood smears for microscopic detection of anaplasmosis. Serum was extracted from coagulated blood for serological testing using Anaplasma antibody Test Kit (VMRD, Inc. United State of America). The result showed an overall seroprevalence rate of 51.11% (23/45). Farm level seropositivity showed 83.3% (10/12), 41.7% (5/12), 23.1% (3/13) and 62.5% (5/8) for Farms A, B, C, and D, respectively. Age specific seroprevalence showed a 53.13% (17/32) in cows that are more than 3 years old and 46.15% (6/13) in cows aged between 1-3 years. Additionally, a significant (p<0.05) association between microscopic detection and serological detection method was observed.. In conclusion, a high seroprevalence rate was observed in the selected ruminant farms.

Anaplasmosis in Cattle in Italy

Veterinary Research Communications, 2007

Bovine anaplasmosis caused by Anaplasma marginale is a disease transmitted by ticks belonging to the Ixodidae family. Southern Italy is considered an endemic zone but environmental and social factors are changing the epidemiology of the disease to expand to previously anaplasmosis-free regions. The available data of published reports of anaplasmosis in Italy together with the data obtained by the National Centre of Reference for Anaplasma, Babesia, Rickettsia and Theileria (C.R.A.Ba.R.T.), allowed to report A. marginale infection in different Italian regions (Lazio,

Seroprevalence of Anaplasmosis in Dairy Cattle from Peninsular Malaysia

Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2018

A griculture is considered to be one of the bedrock of Malaysian economy, contributing about 8.9% to the country's gross domestic product (GDP) (Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia, 2016). Dairy farming, an important component of agriculture in Malaysia, is a major contributor to the country's economy. Over the years, there is a gradual increase in local fresh milk production in Malaysia. There was an increase in local milk production from 45.5 million litres in 2006 to 76.0 million litres in 2015, this represents an estimated 67.03% increase in local milk production. For instance, in 2006, the country recorded a 67.03% increase in local milk production level from 45.5 million litres annually to 76.0 million litres in 2015. However, this is still not sufficient to meet local demand as milk is imported to meet this shortfall (Agrofood Statistic, 2012).To ensure improvement in the dairy industry, control of diseases in cattle is of paramount importance. In Malaysia, anaplasmosis is one of the most common disease affecting local research Article Abstract | Bovine anaplasmosis also known as Red water or Gall sickness is an important disease of cattle primarily caused by Anaplasma marginale and it infects erythrocytes, which results to erythrophagocytosis and subsequently anaemia. This study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of bovine anaplasmosis among dairy cattle in some randomly selected ruminant farms in Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 45 Blood samples were collected via jugular venipuncture from cattle from four (4) farms using convenient sampling technique. Twelve(12) cows were sampled from each of farms A and B, while 13 cows were sampled from farm C and 8 from Farm D. Heparinized whole blood was used to prepare Giemsa-stained thin blood smears for microscopic detection of anaplasmosis. Serum was extracted from coagulated blood for serological testing using Anaplasma antibody Test Kit (VMRD, Inc. United State of America). The result showed an overall seroprevalence rate of 51.11% (23/45). Farm level seropositivity showed 83.3% (10/12), 41.7% (5/12), 23.1% (3/13) and 62.5% (5/8) for Farms A, B, C, and D, respectively. Age specific seroprevalence showed a 53.13% (17/32) in cows that are more than 3 years old and 46.15% (6/13) in cows aged between 1-3 years. Additionally, a significant (p<0.05) association between microscopic detection and serological detection method was observed.. In conclusion, a high seroprevalence rate was observed in the selected ruminant farms.