Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Membrane-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles for Cancer Theranostics by Inducing Macrophage Polarization and Synergizing Immunogenic Cell Death (original) (raw)
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Magnetic Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy
Current Nanoscience, 2008
Today, technologies based on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are routinely applied to biological systems with diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. The paradigmatic example is the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a technique that uses the magnetic moments of MNPs as a disturbance of the proton resonance to obtain images. Similarly, magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) uses MNPs as heat generators to induce localized cell death. The physical basis of these techniques relies on the interaction with external magnetic fields, and therefore the magnetic moment of the particles has to be maximized for these applications. Targeted drug-delivery based on 'smart' nanoparticles is the next step towards more efficient oncologic therapies, by delivering a minimal dose of drug only to the vicinity of the target. Current improvements in this fields relay on a) particle functionalization with specific ligands for targeting cell membrane receptors and b) loading MNPs onto cells (e.g., dendritic cells, T-cells, macrophages) having an active role in tumor grow. Here we review the current state of research on applications of magnetic carriers for cancer therapy, discussing the advances and drawbacks of both passive and targeted delivery of MNPs. The most promising strategies for targeted delivery of MNPs are analyzed, evaluating the expected impact on clinical MRI and MFH protocols.
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The metastasis of cancer epitomizes the diagnostic and therapeutic challenge as a result of cancer heterogeneity. To overcome the uncontrolled growth of the proliferating cells, nanosystems have been developed and have undergone many preclinical trials both in vitro and in vivo and many practices have been further applied clinically on human beings. In practice, magnetic nanoparticles- (MNPs-) based systems following the application of Fe3O4 bound antitumor drug have shown an enhanced therapeutic index in comparison with conventional chemotherapy ensuring the significant decline in nanosystems’ toxicity. A number of improved strategies employing nanoparticle engineering have been in practice for upgrading selectivity of metastatic cells and to have direct access to poorly manageable tumor regions. Targeted nanoparticle therapy paving the way towards tumor biomarkers and tissue specific cancer stages provides effective strategies for nonaccessible tumor regions, thus leading to the t...
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Cancer is definitely one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Failure in the efficacy of the standard treatments (chemo-, radiotherapy and surgery), and the severe side effects, resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapeutics have necessitated alternative therapeutic strategies. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been assessed as potential cancer therapy materials. Their intrinsic magnetic properties provide a cancer detection, monitoring, and therapy platform based on multimodal theranostics. MNPs can be functionalized by binding them to a wide variety of substances, including chemotherapeutic drugs, radionuclides, nucleic acids, and antibodies. They can be used for drug delivery, magnetic or photothermal induced local hyperthermia and photodynamic therapy aimed at killing cancer cells at the tumor site. MNPs may also be useful to challenge drug resistance. The combination of different options of these treatment modalities offers a synergistic effect and significantly reduc...
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Cancer is currently a leading cause of death worldwide. The World Health Organization estimates an increase of 60% in the global cancer incidence in the next two decades. The inefficiency of the currently available therapies has prompted an urgent effort to develop new strategies that enable early diagnosis and improve response to treatment. Nanomedicine formulations can improve the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of conventional therapies and result in optimized cancer treatments. In particular, theranostic formulations aim at addressing the high heterogeneity of tumors and metastases by integrating imaging properties that enable a non-invasive and quantitative assessment of tumor targeting efficiency, drug delivery, and eventually the monitoring of the response to treatment. However, in order to exploit their full potential, the promising results observed in preclinical stages need to achieve clinical translation. Despite the significant number of available functionalization...
Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces, 2018
Magnetic nanoparticles offer multiple possibilities for biomedical applications. Besides their physico-chemical properties, nanoparticle-cellular interactions are determinant for biological safety. In this work, magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized by one-shot precipitation or two-step reaction and coated with biocompatible polymers, such as poly(l-lysine) and poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid), and carbohydrates, like l-ascorbic acid, d-galactose, d-mannose, and sucrose. The resulting magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering, FT-Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, SQUID magnetometry, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Ability of the nanoparticles to be used in theranostic applications was also evaluated, showing that coating with biocompatible polymers increased the heating efficiency. Nanoparticles synthesized by one-shot precipitation were 50% larger (∼13nm) than those obtained by a two-step reaction (∼8nm). Magnetic nanopartic...
Nanomedicine, 2011
Aims: To slow tumor progression by reducing migratory tumor cell burden using magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) functionalized with ligands selective for malignant cell surface receptors. Materials & methods: Three groups of female C57BL/6 mice (control group I, control group II and experimental group) were intraperitoneally injected with a murine ovarian cancer cell line (ID8[VEGF160+/eGFP+]). Control group I received no intervention. MNPs were functionalized with ephrin-A1 mimetic peptides selective for the EphA2 receptor that is highly expressed by several cancers. Peritoneal fluids were removed by paracentesis from the experimental group and mixed with the functionalized MNPs. Magnetic filtration was used to remove particle/malignant cell conjugates and filtered peritoneal fluids were re-introduced intraperitoneally. Control group II received the same treatment as the experimental group without MNPs. Results: Experimental group tumor progression was 10.77-times slower than that of c...
Nanomaterials
Iron oxide nanoparticle (IONPs) have become a subject of interest in various biomedical fields due to their magnetism and biocompatibility. They can be utilized as heat mediators in magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) or as contrast media in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound (US). In addition, their high drug-loading capacity enabled them to be therapeutic agent transporters for malignancy treatment. Hence, smartening them allows for an intelligent controlled drug release (CDR) and targeted drug delivery (TDD). Smart magnetic nanoparticles (SMNPs) can overcome the impediments faced by classical chemo-treatment strategies, since they can be navigated and release drug via external or internal stimuli. Recently, they have been synchronized with other modalities, e.g., MRI, MHT, US, and for dual/multimodal theranostic applications in a single platform. Herein, we provide an overview of the attributes of MNPs for cancer theranostic application, fabrication procedures, surface coat...
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Cancer-related mortality is a leading cause of death among both men and women around the world. Target-specific therapeutic drugs, early diagnosis, and treatment are crucial to reducing the mortality rate. One of the recent trends in modern medicine is "Theranostics," a combination of therapeutics and diagnosis. Extensive interest in magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) has been increasing due to their biocompatibility, superparamagnetism, less-toxicity, enhanced programmed cell death, and auto-phagocytosis on cancer cells. MNPs act as a multifunctional, noninvasive, ligand conjugated nano-imaging vehicle in targeted drug delivery and diagnosis. In this review, we primarily discuss the significance of the crystal structure, magnetic properties, and the most common method for synthesis of the smaller sized MNPs and their limitations. Next, the recent applications of MNPs in cancer therapy and theranostics are discussed, with certain preclinical and clinical experiments. The focus is on implementation and understanding of the mechanism of action of MNPs in cancer therapy through passive and active targeting drug delivery (magnetic drug targeting and targeting ligand conjugated MNPs). In addition, the theranostic application of MNPs with a dual and multimodal imaging system for early diagnosis and treatment of various cancer types including breast, cervical, glioblastoma, and lung cancer is reviewed. In the near future, the theranostic potential of MNPs with multimodality imaging techniques may enhance the acuity of personalized medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of individual patients.