Nosocomial infections in a district hospital in Turkey (original) (raw)
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Prevalence and characteristics of nosocomial infections in a Turkish university hospital
American Journal of Infection Control, 2004
Background: The purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalence of nosocomial infections in a university hospital, as well as determining the groups at high risk of such infections. Materials and methods: Two surveys based on a modification of the British National Survey protocol for nosocomial infection were conducted in July and December 1998. Results: In the first survey, hospital infections were found in 41 (13.4%) of the patients, and in the second survey in 34 (10.9%). The study showed that the risk of nosocomial infection was associated with being in the intensive care unit, undergoing surgery, and invasive procedures. Conclusion: Prevalence data are consistent with results reported in many other regions of the world. These findings provide the principal information for future surveillance in association with prevention programs in Turkish hospitals.
A 5- Year Surveillance of Nosocomial Infections in a University Hospital: A Retrospective Analysis
2021
OBJECTIVE: ‘Nosocomial infections’ or ‘healthcare associated infections’ are a significant public health problem around the world. This study aimed to assess the rate of culture confirmed nosocomial infections (NIs), frequency of nosocomial pathogens and the antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacterial isolates in a University Hospital. METHODS: A retrospective evaluation of NIs in a tertiary hospital, between the years 2015 and 2019 in Tekirdag, Turkey. RESULTS : During the five years, the overall incidence rates (NI/100) and incidence densities (NI/1000 days of stay) of NIs were 2.04% (range 1.76-2.41/100) and 3.50/1000 patients-days (range 2.85-4.64/1000), respectively. 57.4 % of the infections were originated from the Intensive Care Units. The most common NIs according to the primary sites were bloodstream infections (55.3 %) and, pneumonia (20.4%). 67.5% of the isolated microorganisms as nosocomial agents were Gram negative bacteria, 24.9% of Gram positive bacteria and 7.6 % ...
Nosocomial Infection Rates During One Year in Naft Grand Hospital, Ahvaz, Iran
Jundishapur Journal of Health Sciences, 2015
Background: Nosocomial infections have increasingly resulted in death and the patients should bear high treatment costs. Members of the medical team could play an important role in prevention and control of nosocomial infections. Objectives: The purpose of this research was the evaluation of nosocomial infections in patients admitted to Naft grand hospital in Ahvaz, Iran, during 2013. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive study, conducted prospectively during 12 months from March 2013 to March 2014 in Naft grand hospital in Ahvaz, Iran. All the patients who were hospitalized with no signs and symptoms of infection before the first 48 hours of hospitalization and presenting signs and symptoms of infection after 48 hours of hospitalization were included in this study. The patients' age, gender, site of infection, ward of hospitalization and type of nosocomial infection were collected. The results were analyzed by Excel and SPSS 16.0. Results: The results of the present study showed that the incidence of nosocomial infections was low (i.e., < 2%). The incidence rates of nosocomial infections were 36.78% in the intensive care unit (ICU), 46.55% in the internal medicine ward, 14.94% in the surgical medicine ward and 1.72% in the coronary care unit (CCU). Regarding the etiology of infection, Escherichia coli was found in 43.10%, coagulase-positive Staphylococci in 17.24%, coagulase-negative Staphylococci in 14.95% and Klebsiella in 10.34% of the cases. In our hospital, E. coli was the most frequent pathogen. Conclusions: In this study, nosocomial infections had a lower frequency in comparison with the national rates. According to researches, hospitals have been able to reduce nosocomial infections by establishing strategies and getting the risks under control.
Avicenna Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infection
Background The nosocomial infections are infections that arise during 48 to 72 hours following the patients' referral to the hospital, shortly after hospital discharge (3 days of discharge), or 30 days after an operation (considering the issue that the patients haven't had these infections in admission time) (1). Nosocomial infections are also referred to as hospital-acquired/associated infections, by CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) based on infection site; they are divided into 13 types with 50 infection sites, each one of which has a special criterion (2). One out of 10 patients referring to the hospital is affect by nosocomial infections and annually 5000 related deaths are occurred which impose over a billion pounds per year; a patient with nosocomial infections stay 2.5-times longer in hospital and imposes £3000 additional cost compared to uninfected patients (3). The incidence of nosocomial infections varies across the world. According to the WHO reports, 14 countries have 8.7% of hospitalized patients encountered with nosocomial infections (4). Aged patients, persons with immunodeficiency or underlying diseases, individuals under treatment with
2014
Objective. Determine the prevalence of nosocomial infections and study the risk factors associated to these infections. Method. A prevalence survey "one day gave" was conducted in the hospital. A survey sheet was developed and applied to any patient hospitalized the day of the survey, this plug could so collect numerous data such as exhibitions factors and clinical and microbiological arguments in favor of a nosocomial infection. Results.Two hundred and forty-eight (248) patients were included in the investigation, about 59.3% occupancy of available beds. We found Nosocomial infection in 22 patients with prevalence rate of 8.9%. It was higher in intensive care services and surgery (25%). The most frequently encountered nosocomial infections were urinary tract (42.3%), surgical site (42.3%) and pneumonia (15.4%). The most frequently identified microorganisms were Klebsiellapneumoniae (39%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (26%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.4%). Almost 8...
Analysis of Nosocomial Infections in Selected Teaching Hospitals, Qazvin, Iran
Health, 2014
Introduction: Hospital infections prolong patient hospitalization, necessitate additional treatment, increase mortality rate, raise hospital expenses, and even reduce the level of health in the society. The purpose of this research was to study hospital infections in selected hospitals of Qazvin. Methods and Materials: This was an analytic-cross-sectional study. The research population consisted of 25,628 hospitalized patients in the first eight months of 2012 in three selected hospitals of the Qazvin Province. The algorithm of reporting hospital infections, the National Program of Controlling Hospital Infections, and 223 patient files hospitalized due to hospital-acquired infections were used to collect information. The collected information was analyzed using the SPSS V. 17 software; the descriptive statistics was used to analyze the qualitative variables; and the descriptive statistics together with chi-square and t-test were employed for the quantitative variables. Results: The ICU units had the most cases of hospital infections. Respiratory pneumonia and urinary infections topped the list of hospital infections. The most invasive treatments carried out on patients with hospital infections were surgery, urinary catheter, and venous catheter, respectively. More than 50 percent of patients with hospital infections were hospitalized for 2 to 21 days. Results and Conclusions: Because of the high rate of hospital infections, especially in the ICU ward, authorities must give top priority in their plans to designing suitable educational programs to inform hospital staff and patients of hospital infections and to provide suitable resources for dealing with this problem.
Prevalence of Nosocomial Infection in Different Wards of Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad
Avicenna Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infection
Background: The CDC defines a nosocomial infection as a localized or systemic condition caused by an adverse reaction to the presence of an infectious agent(s) or its toxin(s). It is an infection that occurs between 48 to 72 hours after admission of patients in the hospital or as soon after the hospital discharge and on the admission time, patients don't have this infection. Objectives: This study aimed to characterize the prevalence of nosocomial infection in Ghaem hospital, Mashhad, Iran. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in all wards of the Ghaem hospital, Mashhad during the 1 year period (2013); the data were collected from the wards records and HIS system and analyzed by the SPSS software (version16). Results: In the present study, of total 35979 hospitalized patients in different wards of the Ghaem hospital was reported 1.1% of nosocomial infection. In the meantime, overall, the most prevalent organism was Acinetobacter baumannii with a prevalence of 37.2% and the minimum was linked to the Bacillus species with a prevalence 0.3%. The highest and lowest prevalence of the nosocomial infection was in the ICU and CCU with 49.9% and 0.3%, respectively. In general, among all wards of the mentioned hospital, the most frequent nosocomial infection was pneumonia (47.4%) and the lowest belonged to CSF (2.3%). Conclusions: In our study, the ICU ward was accounted for the highest rate of nosocomial infection, due to the critical importance of this ward. Preventive measures and survivelance system for reduction of nosocomial infections is needed.
PLACENTUM: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan dan Aplikasinya
Background: Nosocomial infection is a complication that most often occurs in hospitals and other health services. Infection is a most widely acquired hospital effect that can affect 5 to 10% of all hospitalized patients in developed countries and in low-background countries being a major burden. Objectives: This study aims to determine the epidemiological determinants of nosocomial infections in inpatients at the General Hospital of the Haji Adam Malik Center, Medan in 2019.Method: Determination of the sample size in the case and control using unpaired categorical analitical formula obtained a total sampel of 90 patients with ratio of 1:1. Data analysis using chi-square test analysis. Result: The results showed that the dominant type of infection was urinary tract infection (35.6%), the most widely used type of invasive procedure was catheters (35.6%), the most common type of germs was conditional pathogens (84.4%), and the most common type of invasive procedure was catheter treatme...
Nosocomial infections and risk factors in intensive care unit of a university hospital in Turkey
Central European Journal of Medicine, 2009
The aim of this study was to determine the types nosocomial infections (NIs) and the risk factors for NIs in the central intensive care unit (ICU) of Trakya University Hospital. The patients admitted to the ICU were observed prospectively by the unit-directed active surveillance method based on patient and the laboratory over a 9-month-period. The samples of urine, blood, sputum or tracheal aspirate were taken from the patients on the first and the third days of their hospitalization in ICU; the patients were cultured routinely. Other samples were taken and cultured if there was suspicion of an infection. Infections were considered as ICU-associated if they developed after 48 hours of hospitalization in the unit and 5 days after discharge from the unit if the patients had been sent to a different ward in the hospital. The rate of NIs in 135 patients assigned was found to be 68%. The most common infection sites were lower respiratory tract, urinary tract, bloodstream, catheter site and surgical wound. Hospitalization in ICU for more than 6 days and colonization was found to be the main risk factor for NIs. Prolonged mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy, as well as frequently changed nasogastric catheterization, were found to be risk factors for lower respiratory tract infections. For bloodstream infections, both prolonged insertion of and frequent change of arterial catheters, and for urinary tract infections, female gender, period and repeating of urinary catheterization were risk factors. A high prevalence rate of nosocomial infections was found in this study. Invasive device use and duration of use continue to greatly influence the development of nosocomial infection in ICU. Important factors to prevent nosocomial infections are to avoid long hospitalization and unnecessary device application. Control and prevention strategies based on continuing education of healthcare workers will decrease the nosocomial infections in the intensive care unit.
International journal of preventive medicine, 2013
Nosocomial infections (NIs) are one of the most important health issues, particularly in developing countries, because these infections cause high mortality and morbidity, and economic and human resource loss as a consequence. To date, most surveillance studies have been conducted in developed countries, and only a few have been performed in Iran. All of the few Iranian studies have been performed using paper-based collection forms, and none was conducted with the aid of an electronic patient data retrieving and collecting tool. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of NIs in a big university hospital of Shiraz, with the help of specifically programmed surveillance software merging electronically the available patient data and the infection results input manually. The study was conducted prospectively through 6 months from 21(st) March up to 22(nd) September 2006, in a 374-bedded educational hospital. All patients admitted during this period were included in the study ...