Phytochemical and therapeutic evaluation of leaf and In vitro derived callus and shoot of Solanum trilobatum L. (original) (raw)

In-vitro cytotoxic effects of Solanum macranthum fruit. Dunal extract with antioxidant potential

Clinical Phytoscience, 2020

Background The current study undertaken to evaluate antioxidant property of Solanum macranthum fruit methanol extract and its in-vitro cytotoxic effects on breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and mice embryo fibroblast (MEF-L929) cell line. Methods The total alkaloids, phenols and flavonoids content in the methanol extract of S.macranthum fruit were estimated. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by FRAP assay, H2O2 scavenging assay and DPPH assay. Anti-inflammatory protein denaturation inhibition assay was carried out using bovine serum albumin. Anticancer property of the extract was evaluated against breast cancer MDA-MB-231 by MTT assay and comparative study was carried out on normal cells using MEF-L929 cell line. Results Phytochemical estimation revealed that total alkaloid content was measurable high (13.6 g/100 g of extract), where as the total phenolics and flavonoids content was 115.5 mg/GAE and 142.6 mg/QE. Further, the antioxidant effect of methanol extract by H2O2 assay showed co...

INVESTIGATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL AND TOXICITY OF THE WHOLE LEAF OF SOLANUM NIGRUM IN ALBINO RATS

Journal of Research and Review in Science, 9-16 Volume 7, December 2020

Introduction: Solanum nigrum is a common herb that grows wild and abundantly in open fields. Solanum nigrum has been shown to have antiinflammatory properties. Most animal studies have been on the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Solanum nigrum leaf but this study focuses on the whole leaf of Solanum nigrum. Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the antioxidant potential and effect of the whole leaf of S. nigrum on liver function parameters in rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of 10 rats each. Solanum nigrum leaves were air-dried, milled and administered orally to the rats at two doses (100mg/kg and 200mg/kg body weight in 1% Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)) for seven days. The control group received 1ml of 1% CMC orally for seven days. On the eight day, animals were sacrificed and cardiac blood collected into plain bottles. Standard methods were used to determine serum nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation, gluthathione peroxidase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin. One gram portion of the organs (heart, kidney, liver and spleen) were fixed in formal saline for histopathological examination of 5 animals per group. Results: Solanum nigrum had a Lethaal dose (LD 50) greater than 1000mg/kg body weight without symptoms associated with toxicity. Nitric oxide concentration was significantly lower (p<0.05) in the S. nigrum groups (92.0-118.33mM) compared to the control (238.00mM) whereas gluthathione peroxidase was significantly increased (p<0.05) compared to the control group. The effects on these parameters were not dose dependent. There was no significant change in liver function parameters in all the groups. The histopathological screening of the control and test groups showed normal profile indicating no morphological alterations in the heart, liver, kidney and spleen of the rats. Conclusion: These results indicate the antioxidant effect of Solanum nigrum whole leaf. It also showed that the consumption of S. nigrum leaves at the chosen doses had no adverse effect on the organs (Heart, Kidney, Liver, Spleen) of the rats. Further work will need to be done at higher doses, for longer duration and on both sexes of animals.

Toxicological Evaluation of Solanum trilobatum L. Fruit Extract

2014

Solanum trilobatum L. (Thai name: Mawaeng krueo) is a shrub of the family Solanaceae. Previously, we reported the anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanolic extract of S. trilobatum fruit in rodents. The present study was performed to evaluate acute and 28-day repeated dose oral toxicity of this ethanolic extract in rodents. A primary skin irritation test was also examined in rabbits. Oral acute toxicity of the extract at a fixed dose of 5 g/kg body weight was investigated in both sexes of mice and rats. No deaths or abnormalities in clinical signs were observed. There was no significant difference in the body weight between the control and treated animals. Thus, the median lethal dose (LD 50 ) of this extract was greater than 5 g/kg for oral administration in rats and mice. In 28-day repeated administration study, male and female rats were given a daily oral dose of 1.0 g/kg body weight for 28 days. All animals survived throughout the duration of the study, with no evidence of tre...

Antioxidant Activities of Solanum Nigrum L. Leaf Extracts Determined in in vitro Cellular Models

Foods

Several medicinal foods abound in traditional medicine with antioxidant potentials that could be of importance for the management of several diseases but with little or no scientific justification to substantiate their use. Thus, the objective of this study was the assessment of the antioxidant effect of two leave extracts of Solanum nigrum L. (SN), which is a medicinal plant member of the Solanaceae family, mainly used for soup preparation in different parts of the world. Then methanolic/water (80:20) (SN1) and water (SN2) leaves extracts were prepared. The total polyphenolic content and the concentration of phenolic acids and flavones compounds were determined. In order to verify whether examined extracts were able to restore the oxidative status, modified by glutamate in primary cultures of astrocytes, the study evaluated the glutathione levels, the intracellular oxidative stress, and the cytotoxicity of SN1 and SN2 extracts. Both extracts were able to quench the radical in an in...

Effect of Solanum nigrum Linn against Lambda Cyhalothrin- Induced Toxicity in Rats

Introduction: Lambda-cyhalothrin is a type II pyrethroid insecticide and may cause liver damage. Solanum nigrum may act as hepatoprotective agent; therefore we aimed to study the effect of solanum nigrum (dried fruits or its ethanolic extract) against lambda cyhalothrin toxicity in rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty three male Sprague Dawlay rats were divided into 6 groups (G1: normal; G2 & 3: normal treated with ethanolic extract of the dried fruits, and dried fruits respectively; G4: normal rats intoxicated with Lambda cyhalothrin; G5 & 6: as G2 & 3 but intoxicated with lambda cyhalothrin. At the end of the experiment (6 weeks), the rats were sacrificed and blood was taken for the determination of AST, ALT, Alk Ph, LDH, Hb, Hct, MCH, MCHC and RBC count. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was measured in serum and brain. Results and Discusion: A significant decrease in body weight, Hb and Hct level was observed in G4 (Lambda cyhalothrin intoxicated rats). The intoxicated groups (G 5 & 6) treated with ethanolic extract or dried fruits of Solanum nigrum showed an improvement of body weight, Hb and Hct where a significant increase compared to G4 but still significantly lower than G1 was observed trying to return to normal or near normal level. A significant increase in AST, ALT and Alk Ph level was observed in G4. Group 5 & 6 showed an improvement of AST, ALT and Alk Ph level where a significant decrease compared to G4, but still significantly higher than G1, was observed trying to return to normal or near normal. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that S. nigrum fruits or alcoholic extract was able to reverse the pathological parameters and may be useful as an antioxidant and hepatoprotective agent.