Metal Implant Allergy (original) (raw)

2012

Abstract

Some patients instead of tolerating implanted metal alloys may develop complications upon osteosynthesis or arthroplasty that are not explained by common causes like infection or mechanical problems. In such patients, hypersensitivity (allergy) may be the underlying mechanism. Allergic reactions have been described as local or generalized eczema, urticaria, impaired wound or osseous healing, seroma formation and implant loosening. It is still under discussion, whether the recently described recurrent groin pain and local "pseudotumour" formation to metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty may also result from hypersensitivity. Cutaneous metal allergy is rather frequent in the general population with sensitisation rates of approximately 13 % to Ni, 2 % to Co and 1 % to Cr. Correspondingly, these three metals are also typical elicitors of allergy to (stainless steel based) osteosynthesis or arthroplasty. Occasionally also bone cement components (acrylates or additives like antibiotic...

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